scholarly journals The influence of locomotor training on dynamic balance during steady-state walking post-stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Arian Vistamehr ◽  
Steven A. Kautz ◽  
Mark G. Bowden ◽  
Richard R. Neptune
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Locomotor Training ◽  
Post Stroke

The Influence of Locomotor Training on Dynamic Balance During Steady-State Walking Post-Stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. e57
Author(s):  
Arian Vistamehr ◽  
Steven Kautz ◽  
Mark Bowden ◽  
Richard Neptune
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Locomotor Training ◽  
Post Stroke

Effects Of A 8-week Pilates Exercise On Static And Dynamic Balance In Post Stroke Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhoon Yoon ◽  
Hee Sung Lim ◽  
Ji-sun Ryu ◽  
SangKyun Park ◽  
Sangheon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke

scholarly journals Exoskeleton use in post-stroke gait rehabilitation: a qualitative study of the perspectives of persons post-stroke and physiotherapists

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Vaughan-Graham ◽  
Dina Brooks ◽  
Lowell Rose ◽  
Goldie Nejat ◽  
Jose Pons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
End Users ◽  
Gait Rehabilitation ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Locomotor Training ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Single Use

Abstract Background Wearable powered exoskeletons are a new and emerging technology developed to provide sensory-guided motorized lower limb assistance enabling intensive task specific locomotor training utilizing typical lower limb movement patterns for persons with gait impairments. To ensure that devices meet end-user needs it is important to understand and incorporate end-users perspectives, however research in this area is extremely limited in the post-stroke population. The purpose of this study was to explore in-depth, end-users perspectives, persons with stroke and physiotherapists, following a single-use session with a H2 exoskeleton. Methods We used a qualitative interpretive description approach utilizing semi-structured face to face interviews, with persons post-stroke and physiotherapists, following a 1.5 h session with a H2 exoskeleton. Results Five persons post-stroke and 6 physiotherapists volunteered to participate in the study. Both participant groups provided insightful comments on their experience with the exoskeleton. Four themes were developed from the persons with stroke participant data: (1) Adopting technology; (2) Device concerns; (3) Developing walking ability; and, (4) Integrating exoskeleton use. Five themes were developed from the physiotherapist participant data: (1) Developer-user collaboration; (2) Device specific concerns; (3) Device programming; (4) Patient characteristics requiring consideration; and, (5) Indications for use. Conclusions This study provides an interpretive understanding of end-users perspectives, persons with stroke and neurological physiotherapists, following a single-use experience with a H2 exoskeleton. The findings from both stakeholder groups overlap such that four over-arching concepts were identified including: (i) Stakeholder participation; (ii) Augmentation vs. autonomous robot; (iii) Exoskeleton usability; and (iv) Device specific concerns. The end users provided valuable perspectives on the use and design of the H2 exoskeleton, identifying needs specific to post-stroke gait rehabilitation, the need for a robust evidence base, whilst also highlighting that there is significant interest in this technology throughout the continuum of stroke rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy and Visual Feedback Balance Training on Lower Limb Post-Stroke Spasticity, Trunk Performance, and Balance: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Emanuela Elena Mihai ◽  
Ilie Valentin Mihai ◽  
Mihai Berteanu
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Conventional Physiotherapy

Stroke remains one of the leading causes of disability in adults, and lower limb spasticity, affected stance, and balance impact everyday life and activities of such patients. Robotic therapy and assessment are becoming important tools to clinical evaluation for post-stroke rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to determine in a more objective manner the effects of visual feedback balance training through a balance trainer system and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT), along with conventional physiotherapy, on lower limb post-stroke spasticity, trunk control, and static and dynamic balance through clinical and stabilometric assessment. The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. The experimental group underwent conventional physiotherapy, visual feedback balance training, and rESWT. The control group underwent conventional physiotherapy, visual feedback training and sham rESWT. The statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Software and MATLAB. Primary clinical outcome measures were The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), passive range of motion (PROM), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Clonus score. Secondary outcome measures were trunk performance, sensorimotor, and lower limb function. Stabilometric outcome measures were trunk control, static balance, and dynamic balance. Visual feedback training using the Prokin system and rESWT intervention, along with conventional physiotherapy, yielded statistically significant improvement both on clinical and stabilometric outcome measures, enhancing static and dynamic balance, trunk performance, sensorimotor outcome, and limb function and considerably diminishing lower limb spasticity, pain intensity, and clonus score in the experimental group.

scholarly journals On the Isotopic Composition of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon in Rivers and Shallow Groundwater: A Diagrammatic Approach to Process Identification and A More Realistic Model of the Open System

Radiocarbon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Aquifer Systems

Rivers and shallow groundwater are deep groundwater precursors. Their dissolved inorganic carbon content (DIC) and its isotopic composition are end members in the evolution of these properties in confined situations, and are therefore essential information when applying carbon isotopes as tracers of groundwater processes and determining aquifer residence times using 14C.During studies of regional aquifer systems in New Zealand, a simple model has been developed to explain the isotopic compositions of DIC encountered in rivers and shallow groundwater. The model format incorporates a diagrammatic approach, providing a framework for tracing the subsequent evolution of DIC in both precipitation- and river-recharged aquifers under closed conditions.DIC concentration of rivers continuously adjusts toward chemical and isotopic equilibrium between direct addition of CO2 to the water (via plant respiration and decay of dead organic material) and exchange of CO2 across the river-air interface. In the shallow groundwater situation, the gaseous reservoir is soil CO2, generally at significantly higher partial pressure. In both cases, calcite dissolution or other processes may be an additional source of DIC directly added to the bicarbonate and dissolved CO2 components; while these may add or remove DIC, steady-state isotopic concentrations are considered to be determined only by the dynamic balance between directly added CO2 and gas exchange. This model allows the calculation of steady states, using selectable parameters in river or groundwater situations. These appear as straight lines in 13C or 14C vs. 1/DIC, or total 14C vs. DIC plots, into which the experimental data can be inserted for interpretation. In the case of 14C, the steady-state balance is very often complicated by the presence of an old component in the directly added DIC; the understanding achieved via the 13C patterns is helpful in recognizing this.Data from four contrasting aquifer systems in New Zealand. The success of the approach has depended crucially on DIC concentrations measured very accurately on the isotope samples, rather than separate chemical analyses.

scholarly journals Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Residual Char of CFB Boiler Based on CPFD Method

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5883
Author(s):  
Xin Shen ◽  
Li Jia ◽  
Yanlin Wang ◽  
Baihe Guo ◽  
Haodong Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Boiler Load ◽  
Cfb Boiler ◽  
Average Residual

When the load of Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler changes dynamically, the accumulation and consumption of residual char causes a large inertia and hysteresis in the boiler combustion system. Therefore, accurate estimation of the residual char in the boiler is of great significance to the control system and improve the combustion efficiency. Based on the Computational Particles Fluid Dynamics (CPFD) method, a numerical simulation of the variable load process of CFB boiler was carried out, and the dynamic changes of the residual char inventory were analyzed by combining the coal feed, ash discharge, and furnace calorific value. The results showed that after CFB boiler reached stable operation, the residual char fluctuated from 11,000 kg to 16,000 kg, accounting for about 3.7% of the total bed material, and the residual char was in a dynamic balance. During the load-up phase, the average residual char was 17,500 kg, and during the load-down phase, the average residual char was 15,000 kg. In the process of load dynamic change, reasonable residual char stock can ensure the boiler load from one steady state to another steady state rapid transition.

Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Treatment with a Steady-State Biofilm

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yoda ◽  
S. W. Shin ◽  
A. Watanabe ◽  
M. Watanabe ◽  
M. Kitagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Fluidized Bed Process

The goal of this study is to find the operational conditions for establishing a dynamic balance between the microbial growth and loss in the anaerobic fluidized bed process. Such operation is very attractive because there is no necessity of complicated bed and biofilm control or costly excess sludge treatment and disposal. Several factors which control the dynamic balance were identified and experimentally determined using laboratory scale anaerobic fluidized beds. Based upon the knowledge accumulated through the laboratory experiments, a pilot scale anaerobic fluidized bed (1.0 m ID × 6.85 m H) was installed at a soft-drink bottling plant and successfully operated for nine months. The stable microbial mass along with low effluent organic concentration demonstrated the feasibility of the anaerobic fluidized bed treatment with a steady-state biofilm.

Rehabilitation with accurate adaptability walking tasks or steady state walking: A randomized clinical trial in adults post-stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110016
Author(s):  
David J Clark ◽  
Dorian K Rose ◽  
Katie A Butera ◽  
Brooke Hoisington ◽  
Louis DeMark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Walking Intervention

Objective: To assess changes in walking function and walking-related prefrontal cortical activity following two post-stroke rehabilitation interventions: an accurate adaptability (ACC) walking intervention and a steady state (SS) walking intervention. Design: Randomized, single blind, parallel group clinical trial. Setting: Hospital research setting. Subjects: Adults with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis and walking deficits. Interventions: ACC emphasized stepping accuracy and walking adaptability, while SS emphasized steady state, symmetrical stepping. Both included 36 sessions led by a licensed physical therapist. ACC walking tasks recruit cortical regions that increase corticospinal tract activation, while SS walking activates the corticospinal tract less intensely. Main measures: The primary functional outcome measure was preferred steady state walking speed. Prefrontal brain activity during walking was measured with functional near infrared spectroscopy to assess executive control demands. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention (three months), and follow-up (six months). Results: Thirty-eight participants were randomized to the study interventions (mean age 59.6 ± 9.1 years; mean months post-stroke 18.0 ± 10.5). Preferred walking speed increased from baseline to post-intervention by 0.13 ± 0.11 m/s in the ACC group and by 0.14 ± 0.13 m/s in the SS group. The Time × Group interaction was not statistically significant ( P = 0.86). Prefrontal fNIRS during walking decreased from baseline to post-intervention, with a marginally larger effect in the ACC group ( P = 0.05). Conclusions: The ACC and SS interventions produced similar changes in walking function. fNIRS suggested a potential benefit of ACC training for reducing demand on prefrontal (executive) resources during walking.

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