Effects of mouthpiece shape and expiratory threshold loading on contraction of the lateral abdominal muscles: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koshiro Haruyama ◽  
Shigemi Furiya ◽  
Takayuki Tsuzura ◽  
Seiichiro Hirano ◽  
Yosuke Yamaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Assessment Low Back Pain and Sleep Quality among Pregnant Women: Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1037-1042
Author(s):  
M. Jamaluddin ◽  
Widiyaningsih Widiyaningsih ◽  
Dwi Kustriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

During pregnancy there are physiological and psychological changes that can cause discomfort such as leg cramps, difficulty breathing, back pain, depression, anxiety and sleep disorders. The prevalence of low back pain is around 60-80% which can lead to strain on the ligaments and fatigue in the abdominal muscles, as well as balance disorders. This will lead to disruption of activities during pregnancy, such as difficulty walking and sleep disturbances. To assess low back pain and sleep quality among pregnant women: cross sectional study. Cross-sectional data were collected by 37 pregnant women with inclusion criteria were third trimester pregnant women, willing to be a respondent, with normal blood pressure, and have not received any medication related sleep disorder. They completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Rolland-Morris Disability Questionaire (RDQ), statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson Correlation Product Moment. Research was conducted in Semarang and Kudus. Sleep quality among pregnant women demonstrated significanly poor overall sleep quality with PSQI score (mean 8.70 ± 3.511) and RDQ score (mean 8.97 ± 6.414). There was moderate correlation between low back pain with sleep quality (r correlation = 0.558). Low back pain have correlation to increase or decrease sleep quality among preganant women. 

scholarly journals Differences in Inter-Rectus Distance and Abdominopelvic Function between Nulliparous, Primiparous and Multiparous Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12396
Author(s):  
Mercè Balasch-Bernat ◽  
Sofía Pérez-Alenda ◽  
Juan J. Carrasco ◽  
Begoña Valls-Donderis ◽  
Lirios Dueñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Ultrasound Assessment ◽  
Primiparous Women

Widening of the inter-rectus distance (IRD) is highly prevalent among postpartum women and can lead to dysfunction of abdominopelvic muscles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in IRD and abdominopelvic function between nulliparous, primiparous and multiparous women. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 women (25 nulliparous, 25 primiparous and 25 multiparous at 6 months postpartum). The participants underwent ultrasound assessment under three conditions (at rest, abdominal draw-in maneuver (ADIM) and curl-up) at two locations (2 cm above and 2 cm below the umbilicus). Furthermore, abdominopelvic muscle function was determined by prone, supine and side bridge tests. In all conditions and locations, the IRD were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the primiparous and multiparous women than in the nulliparous. The multiparous women presented greater (p > 0.05) IRD at rest and during ADIM compared to the primiparous women. Regarding abdominopelvic muscle function, differences were only significant (p < 0.05) between the nulliparous with primiparous women in prone and supine conditions. These findings suggest that parity influences IRD: women at 6 months postpartum present greater IRD compared to nulliparous women; multiparous women present greater IRD at rest and during the activation of deep abdominal muscles than primiparous women; and primiparous women exhibit worse abdominopelvic muscle function than nulliparous women.

scholarly journals Activation of pelvic floor, lumbar and abdominal musculature during a simulated manual material handling task: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344
Author(s):  
Fernanda Cabegi de Barros ◽  
Patricia Driusso ◽  
Fernanda Roberto ◽  
Mariana Vieira Batistão ◽  
Mikaela Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pelvic Floor Muscles ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abdominal Musculature ◽  
Manual Material Handling

ABSTRACT Pelvic floor muscles act synergistically with the abdominal and lumbar muscles contributing to spine and pelvic control. These muscles are activated during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as manual material handling. The aim of our study was to assess the electrical activity of the lumbar, abdominal and pelvic floor muscles during manual material handling with different loads. This is a cross-sectional study with sixteen nulliparous continent women aged between 18 and 35 years. An electromyographic system was used to evaluate the activation of the multifidus, erector spinal (iliocostal) and abdominal rectus muscles bilaterally (Trigno Wireless®, DelSys®, Boston, USA) and another for the pelvic floor muscles (Thought Technology Ltd, Canadá). Electromyographic data were collected during manual handling of three loads: light (1.5 kg), medium (4.5 kg) and heavy (11.3 kg). Repeated measures ANOVA was applied to compare the activation among loads at a 5% level of significance (α = 0.05). There was a significant increase in the activation of the lumbar and abdominal musculature as the load increases. No difference among loads was found for the pelvic floor muscle activation. Pelvic floor muscles did not increase their activation in function of the load, as occur for the lumbar and abdominal muscles in nulliparous continent women. These findings need to be confirmed for incontinent woman, since it could have clinical implications for designing both occupational tasks and pelvic floor rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Abdominal Muscles and Metabolic Syndrome According to Patient Sex: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Tae Young Lee ◽  
Young-Jee Jeon ◽  
Chung Reen Kim ◽  
Byung Ju Kang ◽  
Gyung-Min Park
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Computed tomography (CT) is a reference method for measuring skeletal muscle mass, and the amount of fat in the skeletal muscle can be calculated based on CT attenuation. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effect of muscle quality and quantity on metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to sex. This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 8081 individuals aged ≥20 years who underwent self-referral abdominopelvic CT at our hospital. The total abdominal muscle area (TAMA), low-attenuation abdominal muscle area (LAMA), normal-attenuation abdominal muscle area (NAMA), and extramyocellular lipid area (EMCLA) were measured using cross-sectional CT data of the L3 lumbar vertebrae. The TAMA and NAMA showed negative correlations with risk factors for MetS and a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas the LAMA and EMCLA showed an inverse trend in both the sexes (p < 0.001). After adjusting for various factors, a higher LAMA index and the ratio of LAMA to TAMA were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS. High TAMA indices were associated with a lower prevalence of MetS. Furthermore, muscle quality and quantity were associated with the prevalence of MetS in both males and females. However, the LAMA showed a stronger association with MetS in males than in females.

Does a Graduate Course in Fluency Disorders Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Communicative Disorders

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.

Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

Internalizing Behavior During the Transition from Childhood to Adolescence

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Vierhaus ◽  
Arnold Lohaus ◽  
Indra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The One

This investigation focuses on the question whether assessments of the development of internalizing behavior from childhood to adolescence are affected by the kind of research design (longitudinal versus cross-sectional). Two longitudinal samples of 432 second-graders and 366 fourth graders participated in a longitudinal study with subsequent measurements taken 1, 2, and 3 years later. A third sample consisting of 849 children covering the same range of grades participated in a cross-sectional study. The results show that the development of internalizing symptoms in girls – but not in boys – varies systematically with the research design. In girls, there is a decrease of internalizing symptoms (especially between the first two timepoints) in the longitudinal assessment, which may reflect, for example, the influence of strain during the first testing situation. Both longitudinal trajectories converge to a common trajectory from grade 2 to grade 7 when controlling for this “novelty-distress effect.” Moreover, when we control this effect, the slight but significant decrease characterizing the common trajectory becomes similar to the one obtained in the cross-sectional study. Therefore, trajectories based on longitudinal assessments may suggest more changes with regard to internalizing symptoms over time than actually take place, while trajectories based on cross-sectional data may be characterized by an increased level of internalizing symptoms. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.

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