Making untreated carbon effective in cleaner thiosulfate system: A new and high-efficiency method including gold adsorption and desorption

2021 ◽  
pp. 130185
Author(s):  
Yunshu Jiang ◽  
Yunlong Chen ◽  
Futing Zi ◽  
Xianzhi Hu ◽  
Shuliang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Adsorption And Desorption ◽  
System A

Emulators as a Tool for Control Digital System Software Debugging

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 339-349
Author(s):  
A. D. Ivannikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Model ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Direct Memory Access ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Digital System ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
System Software ◽  
System A ◽  
Software Modules ◽  
Operational Program

The simulation of control digital systems at the architecture level, that is, emulation of the instruction set, memory cells and internal programmable registers, as well as the interrupt system and direct memory access is considered. Emulators are used for debugging embedded digital system software and in the development of new custom processors. Requirements for emulators are formalized. It is shown that the main requirements are adequate simulation of digital systems at the architecture level, the presence of a set of convenient debugging modes, as well as high efficiency of emulators, that is, the minimum possible average number of instrumental computer instructions required to simulate one instruction of the target digital system. A classification of the debugging capabilities of emulators and possible ways of implementing debugging modes is given. The composition of the emulators is described. A graphical model of the structure of the emulator is proposed. The simulation process for each instruction is presented as a sequence of execution of smaller operations. If different instructions include the same operations, these operations can be performed by the same software modules. These modules can be included in all the corresponding blocks of the emulator that simulate the execution of instructions, or the emulator can include only one copy of each operational program module, and the module can be accessed while simulating the corresponding instruction. Determination of the structure of the emulator is formalized as an extreme task, the objective function of which is the minimum average time for simulating the execution of one instruction of the target digital system, and the limitation is the maximum allowable memory size of the instrumental computer occupied by the emulator. A practical method for determining the structure of the emulator is proposed.

scholarly journals High-efficiency photocatalytic CO2 reduction in organic–aqueous system: a new insight into the role of water

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3798-3802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinliang Lin ◽  
Rongying Liao ◽  
Junli Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
Binary Liquid System ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
System A ◽  
System P ◽  
Insight Into

A high efficiency photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into CO has been achieved by construction of a binary liquid system.

Application of a MIMO-PID Controller for a Hydraulic Excavator Considering the Velocity of CoM

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-651
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Kozui ◽  
Toru Yamamoto ◽  
Masaki Akiyama ◽  
Kazushige Koiwai ◽  
Yoichiro Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Hydraulic Excavator ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
System A ◽  
Hydraulic Excavators ◽  
Recent Trends

There are many machines that require human operation in industry, and high operational skills are required to operate these machines efficiently. However, the number of highly skilled workers is decreasing due to the recent trends of falling birthrate and population aging. This decline is particularly pronounced in the construction industry, while the demand for construction workers remains high owing to the increasing number of developed infrastructures. To reduce this mismatch between the supply and the demand, it is important to achieve high efficiency in tasks using hydraulic excavators, because these machines can greatly increase the productivity at construction sites. Accordingly, it is necessary to improve productivity even if unskilled operators use hydraulic excavators. This paper proposes a control system that achieves efficient motions based on the velocity of the center of mass (CoM) of the hydraulic excavator’s attachments, which reflects the characteristics of skilled workers’ operations. The motions of multiple attachments give rise to interference terms owing to the characteristics of the hydraulic system. A two-input two-output control system, in which the input consists of the lever input and the output is the CoM velocity is constructed. The fictitious reference iterative tuning (FRIT) method is used to calculate the controller parameters. The proposed method was verified by comparing the results of a simulated digging motion and an experiment with an actual hydraulic excavator operated by an unskilled operator.

Modelling of the rotational vibrations of the engine front-end accessory drive system: a generic method

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (13) ◽  
pp. 1780-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng ◽  
Wen-Bin Shangguan ◽  
Jianxiang Deng ◽  
Xingjian Jing ◽  
Waizuddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
System A ◽  
Runge Kutta Method ◽  
Front End ◽  
Rotational Vibration ◽  
Vibration Responses ◽  
Drive Systems

To investigate the rotation vibration dynamics of the pulleys and the tension arms, and to estimate the vibrations of the belts and the slip ratio between the belt and the pulleys in the engine front-end accessory drive systems, a systematic modelling and analytical method is proposed for engine front-end accessory drive systems; this can be used for modelling engine front-end accessory drive systems with different layouts and different numbers of tensioners, including automatic and fixed tensioners. In the modelling, the rotational pulleys are classified as fixed-axis pulleys and moveable-axis pulleys (such as the pulley in the tensioner). Moreover, the belt spans are classified as the belt spans between the two fixed pulleys, and the belt spans adjacent to the pulley of a tensioner. The equations of motion for each type of pulley and the tension calculation equations for each type of belt span are developed. In this way, the equations of motion for all the pulleys and the tensioner arms can be obtained easily, irrespective of the layout of the tensioners. To obtain the dynamic rotational vibration responses of an engine front-end accessory drive system by the conventional Runge–Kutta method, high-efficiency algorithms or methods are also proposed for calculating the tangent-point coordinates between a belt and the adjacent pulleys and the belt length of the contact arc on one pulley. The proposed modelling and analysis methods are validated by modelling different layouts of the engine front-end accessory drive systems with different types and numbers of tensioners, and also by comparisons between the calculated dynamic vibration responses of the pulleys and the belts and the real experimental data.

A New Fuzzy Variable Structure Control of a Type of Nonlinear Multivariable System

2006 ◽  
Vol 315-316 ◽  
pp. 623-627
Author(s):  
P. Wei ◽  
Z.L. Wang ◽  
L.H. Qiu
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Fuzzy Variable ◽  
Variable Structure Control ◽  
Variable Structure ◽  
Multivariable System ◽  
Robust Performance ◽  
Structure Control ◽  
System A ◽  
Novel Method

In order to improve the robust performance for a type of nonlinear multivariable system, a new fuzzy variable structure control method is introduced in detail, which combined the features of traditional variable structure control method with the advantages of the fuzzy control theory. The present work realized the linearization of the nonlinear multivariable system, and then the new fuzzy variable structure control method is applied to control the linearization system. The robust experiments were carried out on the novel method. The results indicated that the required robust performance could be achieved with high efficiency by utilizing the new method.

Recovery of Lithium from Seawater Using Nano-Manganese Oxide Adsorbents Prepared by Gel Process

2004 ◽  
Vol 449-452 ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Sup Chung ◽  
Jae Chun Lee ◽  
Eun Jin Kim ◽  
Kyung Chul Lee ◽  
Yang Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Adsorption And Desorption ◽  
Formation Method ◽  
Acid Gel

Adsorbing and salvaging extremely small quantities of lithium ion, high-performance ion-exchange type lithium ion adsorbent was prepared through the ion-sieve formation method. The method uses acid treatment after the synthesis of spinel-structured nano-Li1.33Mn1.67O4 precursor through the tartaric acid gel process. It has good selectivity and high efficiency in adsorbing lithium ion in seawater. The generated adsorbent showed a 28.2 mg/g lithium uptake from artificial seawater. This adsorbent further showed a difference reproducibility that was lower than 10% when subjected to five cycles of adsorption and desorption experiments.

scholarly journals THE LEFT-HAND DENTAL STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-456
Author(s):  
Abbas Othman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
System A ◽  
Limited Experience

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difficulties faced by LH students of dental faculty and the effect of their training program on the musculo-skeletal system. A survey of 11 questions was used to get the necessary data for further analysis. The results of the study showed that the percentage of LH students in the faculty is 7.32 percent (40 of 546). The prevalence of left-handedness of males (9.59%) is higher than that of females (6.03%). The majority of LH students (85%) confirmed that their sinistrality is of no significance in their life organization. LH students neglect that their sinistrality has a significant effect on their dental practice, this is due to their limited experience in practice. The majority of the LH students (85%) prefer using special dental units designed to fit their needs. 35% of the students approved that they started experiencing symptoms of MSDs during their practical phase of studies. The results of this study suggest that LH dental students require special educational atmosphere which would yield in a more professional undergraduates with high efficiency in the work field.

scholarly journals Low concentration volatile organic pollutants removal in combined adsorber-desorber-catalytic reactor system

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Zorana Arsenijevic ◽  
Gordan Savcic ◽  
Dragan Rankovic ◽  
Bosko Grbic ◽  
Nenad Radic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Draft Tube ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Reactor System ◽  
Catalytic Reactor ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Adsorption And Desorption ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Catalytic Incineration

The removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from numerous emission sources is of crucial importance due to more rigorous demands on air quality. Different technologies can be used to treat the VOCs from effluent gases: absorption, physical adsorption, open flame combustion, thermal and catalytic incineration. Their appropriateness for the specific process depends on several factors such as efficiency, energy consumption, secondary pollution, capital investments etc. The distinctive features of the catalytic combustion are high efficiency and selectivity toward be?nign products, low energy consumption and absence of secondary polluti?on. The supported noble catalysts are widely used for catalytic incineration due to their low ignition temperatures and high thermal and chemical stability. In our combined system adsorption and desorption are applied in the spouted bed with draft tube (SBDT) unit. The annular zone, loaded with sorbent, was divided in adsorption and desorption section. Draft tube enabled sorbent recirculation between sections. Combustion of desorbed gases to CO2 and water vapor are realized in additive catalytic reactor. This integrated device provided low concentrations VOCs removal with reduced energy consumption. Experiments were conducted on a pilot unit of 220 m3/h nominal capacity. The sorbent was activated carbon, type K81/B - Trayal Corporation, Krusevac. A sphere shaped commercial Pt/Al2O3 catalyst with "egg-shell" macro-distribution was used for the investigation of xylene deep oxidation. Within this paper the investigations of removal of xylene vapors, a typical pollutant in production of liquid pesticides, in combined adsorber/desorber/catalytic reactor system is presented.

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