Characterization of Pasteurella spp. Strains Isolated from Human Infections

2004 ◽  
Vol 130 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-Y Donnio ◽  
A.-L Lerestif-Gautier ◽  
J.-L Avril
Keyword(s):  
Human Infections

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii isolated from different herbal teas and mixtures in Serbia

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-934
Author(s):  
Dragana Josic ◽  
Marija Stojanovic ◽  
Zorica Lepsanovic ◽  
Vera Katic
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Powdered Infant Formula ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sequences Analysis ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Rrna Sequences

Cronobacter sakazakii is an important cause of human infections that can be serious and even fatal among premature neonates and immunocompromised adults or infants. Because of its high tolerance to osmotic stress, C. sakazakii is frequently isolated from dried foods, such as powdered infant formula and herbal teas. The aim of investigation was detection, identification and molecular characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii isolates from infant formula and various herbal teas collected from Serbian market and tested for import control. C. sakazakii was not detected in any of the 360 analysed samples of powdered infant formula. However, 192 out of 520 samples of herbal teas tested were positive for C. sakazakii (37.1%). The high prevalence was observed in teas for children (51.6%) and in ?baby? teas (44.1%), followed by medicinal teas (38%). The largest one-herb-teas group (221 samples) contained 72 C. sakazakii-positive samples (32.6%) and involved Sennae folium, Althaeae radix, Menthae piperitae folium, Chamomilae flos and Urticae folium teas. Molecular characterization of isolated C. sakazakii from different herbal teas by rep-PCR, RAPD and 16S rRNA sequences analysis showed the high similarity to C. sakazakii NCTC 8155. Knowing this strain as one of the most pathogenic clinical strains, our results raise concern about the safety risks these foods pose to immunocompromised and healthy consumers, especially for babies and children.

Molecular characterization of the first human G15 rotavirus strain of zoonotic origin from the bovine species

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Tsugawa ◽  
Yoshiki Fujii ◽  
Yusuke Akane ◽  
Saho Honjo ◽  
Kenji Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Paediatric Outpatient ◽  
Group A ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Bovine Species

Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) infect a wide variety of mammalian and avian species. Animals act as a potential reservoir to RVA human infections by direct virion transmission or by contributing genes to reassortants. Here, we report the molecular characterization of a rare human RVA strain Ni17-46 with a genotype G15P[14], isolated in Japan in 2017 during rotavirus surveillance in a paediatric outpatient clinic. The genome constellation of this strain was G15-P[14]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A13-N2-T9-E2-H3. This is the first report of an RVA with G15 genotype in humans, and sequencing and phylogenetic analysis results suggest that human infection with this strain has zoonotic origin from the bovine species. Given the fact that this strain was isolated from a patient with gastroenteritis and dehydration symptoms, we must take into account the virulence of this strain in humans.

scholarly journals Isolation and molecular characterization of Arcobacter butzleri and Arcobacter cryaerophilus from the pork production chain in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora D.S. Gobbi ◽  
Maria G. Spindola ◽  
Luisa Z. Moreno ◽  
Carlos E.C. Matajira ◽  
Maria G.X. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Origin ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Arcobacter Butzleri ◽  
Meat Markets ◽  
Human Infections

ABSTRACT: Arcobacter is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, and the major transmission routes to humans are the handling or consumption of contaminated raw/undercooked food products of animal origin, water and seafood. The isolation and identification of Arcobacter species are not routine in clinical laboratories; therefore, its true incidence in human infections may be underestimated. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize Arcobacter from carcasses and fecal samples collected at swine slaughterhouses and from meat markets in São Paulo State, Brazil. The isolates were identified using multiplex-PCR to differentiate the species and analyzed by single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP). Arcobacter spp. were isolated from 73.0% of swine carcasses, 4% of fecal samples and 10% of pork samples. A. butzleri was the most prevalent species identified, followed by A. cryaerophilus. Interestingly, the carcasses presented higher frequency of A. butzleri isolation, whereas only A. cryaerophilus was isolated from fecal samples. SE-AFLP enabled the characterization of A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus into 51 and 63 profiles, respectively. The great genetic heterogeneity observed for both species corroborates previous reports. This study confirms the necessity for a standard isolation protocol and the improvement of molecular tools to further elucidate Arcobacter epidemiology.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characterization of Salmonella serovar Ndolo isolated from outbreaks in cattle and horses

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Pantuzza Ramos ◽  
Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier ◽  
Carlos Augusto Gomes Leal ◽  
Elias Jorge Facury Filho ◽  
Antonio Ultimo de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to describe and characterize, for the first time, two outbreaks of salmonellosis caused by Salmonella Ndolo in foals and calves in Brazil and compare the isolated strains with S. Ndolo previously identified in asymptomatic reptiles. The affected calves and foals presented fever, lethargy, and profuse diarrhea. Isolated strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, characterized according to virulence genes, and fingerprinted by ERIC-PCR. Salmonella Ndolo was identified in fecal samples from two foals and four calves. One isolate from a calf was resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and florfenicol. Strains from two other calves were resistant to oxytetracycline. All virulence genes tested were present in the isolates, and two major clusters of closely related strains were identified by ERIC-PCR, each per outbreak. This is the first report of Salmonella Ndolo infection in domestic and symptomatic animals. Previously, this serovar had been identified only in human infections. The presence of relevant virulence genes in all Salmonella Ndolo isolates and the detection of antimicrobial multi-resistant strains highlighted the importance of monitoring serovars associated with salmonellosis in domestic animals.

Characterization of Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from human infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ujvári ◽  
R. Weiczner ◽  
Z. Deim ◽  
G. Terhes ◽  
E. Urbán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Human Infections

scholarly journals Isolation and molecular characterization of Fikirini rhabdovirus, a novel virus from a Kenyan bat

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 2393-2398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah C. Kading ◽  
Amy T. Gilbert ◽  
Eric C. Mossel ◽  
Mary B. Crabtree ◽  
Ivan V. Kuzmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Cell Culture Supernatant ◽  
Viral Nucleic Acid ◽  
Kenyan Coast ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Virus Isolates ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Zoonotic and vector-borne pathogens have comprised a significant component of emerging human infections in recent decades, and bats are increasingly recognized as reservoirs for many of these disease agents. To identify novel pathogens associated with bats, we screened tissues of bats collected in Kenya. Virus isolates were identified by next generation sequencing of viral nucleic acid preparations from the infected cell culture supernatant and characterized. Here we report the identification of Fikirini rhabdovirus, a novel rhabdovirus isolated from a bat, Hipposideros vittatus, captured along the Kenyan coast.

Echinococcus granulosus: characterization of the Spanish strains using in vitro vesicular development

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ponce Gordo ◽  
C. Cuesta Bandera
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Human Samples ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Sheep Strain

AbstractDifferences in in vitro vesicular development (microcyst formation) in three Spanish strains of Echinococcus granulosus (sheep–cattle, horse and pig–goat) are reported. Microcyst formation occurred in 19–37 days (sheep strain), 9–18 days (pig strain) and 35–47 days (horse strain). Comparing these results with those from human samples (microcyst formation in 24–38 days), it is possible to consider the sheep strain as the most likely source of human infections in Spain.

scholarly journals Novel hepatitis E like virus found in Swedish moose

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Lin ◽  
Heléne Norder ◽  
Henrik Uhlhorn ◽  
Sándor Belák ◽  
Frederik Widén
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Transmission Pathways

A novel virus was detected in a sample collected from a Swedish moose (Alces alces). The virus was suggested as a member of the Hepeviridae family, although it was found to be highly divergent from the known four genotypes (gt1–4) of hepatitis E virus (HEV). Moose are regularly hunted for consumption in the whole of Scandinavia. Thus, the finding of this virus may be important from several aspects: (a) as a new diverged HEV in a new animal species, and (b) potential unexplored HEV transmission pathways for human infections. Considering these aspects, we have started the molecular characterization of this virus. A 5.1 kb amplicon was sequenced, and corresponded to the partial ORF1, followed by complete ORF2, ORF3 and poly(A) sequence. In comparison with existing HEVs, the moose HEV genome showed a general nucleotide sequence similarity of 37–63 % and an extensively divergent putative ORF3 sequence. The junction region between the ORFs was also highly divergent; however, two putative secondary stem–loop structures were retained when compared to gt1–4, but with altered structural appearance. In the phylogenetic analysis, the moose HEV deviated and formed its own branch between the gt1–4 and other divergent animal HEVs. The characterization of this highly divergent genome provides important information regarding the diversity of HEV infecting various mammalian species. However, further studies are needed to investigate its prevalence in the moose populations and possibly in other host species, including the risk for human infection.

scholarly journals Rapid in vitro assays for screening neutralizing antibodies and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Gyu Park ◽  
Fatai S. Oladduni ◽  
Kevin Chiem ◽  
Chengjin Ye ◽  
Michael Pipenbrink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Identification And Characterization

AbstractTowards the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus (CoV) named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), genetically similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1), emerged in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, and has been responsible of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans. Since its first report, SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a global pandemic, with over 10 million human infections and over 560,000 deaths reported worldwide at the end of June 2020. Currently, there are no United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved vaccines and/or antivirals licensed against SARS-CoV-2, and the high economical and health impact of SARS-CoV-2 has placed global pressure on the scientific community to identify effective prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated COVID-19 disease. While some compounds have been already reported to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection and a handful of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been described that neutralize SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need for the development and standardization of assays which can be used in high through-put screening (HTS) settings to identify new antivirals and/or neutralizing mAbs against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we described a rapid, accurate and highly reproducible plaque reduction microneutralization (PRMNT) assay that can be quickly adapted for the identification and characterization of both neutralizing mAbs and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, our MNA is compatible with HTS settings to interrogate large and/or complex libraries of mAbs and/or antivirals to identify those with neutralizing and/or antiviral activity, respectively, against SARS-CoV-2.

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