Acute toxicity, antinociceptive activity and indole alkaloids of aqueous extract from bark of Aspidosperma cuspa (Kunth) Blake

Ziziphus mistol Griseb. (Rhamnaceae), popularly known as “mistol,” is widely distributed throughout Perú, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. Its fruit is consumed in different forms in several argentinean communities and used against biliary colic, dysentery, cold stomach and diseases of the respiratory system characterized by pain and inflammation. The present study was carried out to investigate the medicinal properties and safety of Ziziphus mistol (mistol) fruits ethanol and aqueous extracts and arrope. Antinociceptive activity was assessed using the formalin, acetic acid-induced writhing and tail-ﬂick tests in rats. Anti-inﬂammatory effects were determined through carrageenan induced edema test and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation, in rats. The safety was evaluated with test of acute toxicity (48 hours) and sub-chronic toxicity (91 days). All extracts (1,000 mg/kg b.w.) showed significant inhibition (P less than 0.05) in the three model of pain experimentally induced in comparison to control. In a combination test using naloxone, diminished analgesic activity of aqueous extract and arrope were observed, indicating that their antinociceptive activity is connected with the opioid receptors. At dose 1000 mg/kg bw, the aqueous extract and arrope showed higher anti-inflammatory activity than the ethanol extract, in carrageenan and cotton pellet granuloma model used. In the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 4000 and 8000 mg/kg b.w., produced no mortality and no clinical signs of disease were observed after 48 hours. In the sub-chronic toxicity study the extracts no caused significant visible signs of toxicity, nor mortality for 91 consecutive days of treatment. Extracts and arrope of Z. mistol fruits could be good source of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory agents because of its good activity and safety.

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In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Withania coagulans extract

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190416155757 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 09 ◽

Author(s):

Tejas Patel ◽

B.N. Suhagia

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Acute Toxicity Study ◽

Withania Coagulans ◽

Study Results

Background: Diabetes mellitus is major issue to public health as its prevalence is rising day by day. Synthetic agents available for the diabetic treatment are expensive or produce undesirable side effect on chronic use and some of them are not suitable during pregnancy. Herbal medicines accepted widely due to side effects and low cost. Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate the activity of Withania coagulans extract using In-vitro and In-vivo model. Methods: Different three types of Withania coagulans extract were prepared using aqueous (W1), Alcohol (W2) and hydro-alcoholic (50:50) mixture (W3). In-vitro Anti-diabetic activity of the all three extracts evaluated using RINm5F Pancreatic beta cells.Further, n-vivo anti-diabetic evaluation performed by administering 50 mg/kg (p.o) aqueous extract for 7 days in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice. Body weight of the animals was also determined to perform acute toxicity study. Results: The results of in –vitro cell based study indicated that among all three extract, aqueous extract (W1) of Withania coagulans showed potential increase in inulin release. The EC50 of the W1 (249.6 µg/L) which is compared with standard (Glibenclamide) EC50. From the results of In-vitro study, W1 subjected for acute toxicity study and the acute toxicity study results indicated LD50 of 50mg/kg. Diabetic rats treated with W1 extract at oral dose of 50 mg/kg for 7 days showed 34.17% reduction in blood glucose in comparison to untreated diabetic (STZ-induced) rats. Blood glucose levels of Standard treated (Glibenclamide) and control untreated. Conclusion: In conclusion, results of pancreatic beta cell based study showed increase in insulin release by administration of extract. Further aqueous extract (W1) was potentially reduced blood glucose level in STZ induced diabetic mice.

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Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of an aqueous extract of blended leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava

Clinical Phytoscience ◽

10.1186/s40816-019-0130-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akinyinka O. Alabi ◽

Abayomi M. Ajayi ◽

Osarume Omorogbe ◽

Solomon Umukoro

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Antinociceptive Activity ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Plate Test ◽

Ocimum Gratissimum ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background To investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous extract of a blended mixture of dried leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava, a traditional analgesic drug polyherbal (TADP) used as a remedy for pain-related conditions. Methods Antinociceptive activity of TADP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated in the hot plate test and acetic acid-induced nociception in mice while the anti-inflammatory was evaluated in carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats. Levels of nitrite, myeloperoxidase, glutathione and malondialdehyde were assayed in carrageenan-induced paw tissue. Results TADP (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly prolong the latency time in the hot-plate test. TADP (100–400 mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent significant inhibition of the acetic-acid induced abdominal constriction. The antinociceptive activity of TADP in the presence of naloxone and atropine was not reversed whereas yohimbine and glibenclamide significantly reversed it. TADP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly reduced the swelling in the carrageenan-induced oedema model and also produced a reduction in the nitrite and myeloperoxidase level. TADP (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced malondialdehyde concentration and increase glutathione level in the carrageenan-induced rat paw. TADP significantly decrease the number of cellular infiltrates in the histopathological assessment. Conclusion These results indicate that polyherbal product containing blended leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava possess antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties, hence represents a promising alternative remedy in inflammation-induced pain.

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Chemical Composition, Acute Toxicity, and Antinociceptive Activity of the Essential Oil of a Plant Breeding Cultivar of Basil (Ocimum basilicumL.)

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0030-1250607 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 77 (08) ◽

pp. 825-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Antônio Venâncio ◽

Alexandre Onofre ◽

Amintas Lira ◽

Péricles Alves ◽

Arie Blank ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Plant Breeding ◽

Antinociceptive Activity

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Effects of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng) pedersen aqueous extract on healing acetic acid-induced ulcers

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132008000400005 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 479-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cristina Setim Freitas ◽

Cristiane Hatsuko Baggio ◽

Samanta Luiza Araújo ◽

Maria Consuelo Andrade Marques

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Gastric Ulcer ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Healing Process ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Oral Route ◽

Chronic Gastric Ulcer ◽

Pfaffia Glomerata ◽

Tissue Healing

The present study was carried out to evaluate the acute toxicity and the effect of the aqueous extract of the roots from Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng) Pedersen (Amaranthaceae) (AEP) on the prevention of acetic acid-induced ulcer and on the healing process of previously induced ulcers. The acute toxicity was evaluated in Swiss mice after oral administration of a single dose and the chronic gastric ulcer was induced with local application of acetic acid. The results showed that the LD50 of the extract was 684.6 mg.kg-1 for the intraperitoneal administration and higher than 10 mg.kg-1by the oral route. The administration of the AEP did not prevent ulcers formation. However, the AEP increased of the healing process of previously induced ulcers. The results suggest that AEP chronically administered promote an increase of tissue healing, after the damage induced by acetic acid and the extract seemed to be destituted of toxic effects in the mice by the oral route.

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Acute Toxicity Study of Standardized Mitragyna speciosa Korth Aqueous Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats

Journal of Plant Studies ◽

10.5539/jps.v1n2p120 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mohd Saleh Ahmad Kamal ◽

Ahmad Rohi Ghazali ◽

Noral ‘Ashikin Yahya ◽

Mohd Isa Wasiman ◽

Zakiah Ismail

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Mitragyna Speciosa ◽

Acute Toxicity Study ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

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Phytochemical screening, acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous extract from a mixture of some recipe of Herniaria glabra L., Opuntia ficus-indica, Zea mays L. and Zizyphus lotus L. used traditionally against renal lithiases

Pharmacognosy Research ◽

10.4103/pr.pr_89_19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Noufissa Touiti ◽

Dalila Bousta ◽

Smahane Boukhira ◽

Mohamed Chebaibi ◽

Sanae Achour

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Opuntia Ficus Indica

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Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous leaf extract of Olea europaea var. sylvestris in albino Wistar rats

Journal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale ◽

10.4081/jbr.2018.7614 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohamed Zaouani ◽

Fatima Yahiaoui ◽

Nazli Nacer Bey ◽

Meriem Hind Ben-Mahdi

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Olea Europaea ◽

Castor Oil ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Motility Assay ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Leaf Aqueous Extract

Olea europaea var. sylvestris, also named oleaster, is widely used by traditional medicine practitioners in Algeria to treat high blood pressure and diabetes. However, the antidiarrhoeal activity of this plant has not been scientifically evaluated. The main aim of the study deals with an investigation of three topics: the phytochemical screening, the acute toxicity, and antidiarrhoeal activity of the oleaster leaf aqueous extract. Acute oral toxicity study was carried out based on Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 423 guideline. The extract was orally administered in wistar rats at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight and the animals were observed for mortality, behavioral changes and other abnormal signs. Qualitative analysis of phytochemical constituents was carried out using standard methods developed by Harborne, Trease and Evans. Castor oil-induced diarrhoea tests and gastro intestinal motility assay were evaluated in rats to determine the antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract. In the acute toxicity study, the extract did not induce death or any sign of toxicity in treated rats. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. The oleaster extract at oral doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight showed a significant (P<0.05) antidiarrhoeal activity compared to the control group treated with castor oil induced diarrhoea, enteropooling and gastrointestinal motility assay, after charcoal meal administration. The oleaster leaf aqueous extract has shown a gradual response with increasing dose. The present study indicates that the oleaster leaf aqueous extract is safe with antidiarrhoeal property.

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