Antioxidant activity of whole grain Qingke (Tibetan Hordeum vulgare L.) toward oxidative stress in d-galactose induced mouse model

In this study, three pearling fractions, namely bran, dehulled grains and pearled grains, derived from fourteen hulled and one hull-less Greek barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L.), were analyzed for the protein, ash, β-glucan, phenolic compounds and tocols contents. High variations appeared in the bioactive contents across the barley cultivars and fractions as well. The protein and ash contents decreased from the outer to the inner layers, whereas β-glucans presented an inverse trend. The highest protein and β-glucan contents were in the hull-less cultivar; however, one hulled cultivar (Sirios) exhibited similar β-glucan content, while another (Constantinos) had even higher protein content. The results also revealed that functional compounds were mainly located in bran fraction. Similar trends were also noted for the antioxidant activity. Ferulic acid was the primary phenolic acid in all fractions, followed by sinapic and p-coumaric acids that were dominant in bound form. However, oligomeric flavonoids, such as prodelphinidin B3, catechin, and procyanidin B2, were more abundant in free form. Overall, this study highlights that different barley cultivars can provide pearling flour fractions of varying composition (nutrients and bioactives), which have the potential to serve as nutritionally valuable ingredients in formulations of cereal-based functional food products.

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Oxidative stress alleviation as indicated by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and osmoregulators in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under salt (NaCl) stress by ascorbic acid (ASA)

Pakistan Journal of Botany ◽

10.30848/pjb2022-1(42) ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amara Hassan ◽

Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽

Abida Perveen ◽

Mobeen Mobeen ◽

Sajjad Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Nacl Stress ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Stress Alleviation

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Isolation, Physicochemical Properties, and Structural Characteristics of Arabinoxylan from Hull-Less Barley

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26103026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 3026

Author(s):

Haoyingye Yao ◽

Yuxiao Wang ◽

Junyi Yin ◽

Shaoping Nie ◽

Mingyong Xie

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Structure Elucidation ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Random Coil ◽

Structural Basis ◽

Nmr Analysis ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Function Relationship

Arabinoxylan (HBAX-60) was fractioned from alkaline-extracted arabinoxylan (HBAX) in the whole grain of hull-less barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f. Poaceae) by 60% ethanol precipitation, which was studied for physicochemical properties and structure elucidation. Highly purified HBAX-60 mainly composed of arabinose (40.7%) and xylose (59.3%) was created. The methylation and NMR analysis of HBAX-60 indicated that a low-branched β-(1→4)-linked xylan backbone possessed un-substituted (1,4-linked β-Xylp, 36.2%), mono-substituted (β-1,3,4-linked Xylp, 5.9%), and di-substituted (1,2,3,4-linked β-Xylp, 12.1%) xylose units as the main chains, though other residues (α-Araf-(1→, β-Xylp-(1→, α-Araf-(1→3)-α-Araf-(1→ or β-Xylp-(1→3)-α-Araf-(1→) were also determined. Additionally, HBAX-60 exhibited random coil conformation in a 0.1 M NaNO3 solution. This work provides the properties and structural basis of the hull-less barley-derived arabinoxylan, which facilitates further research for exploring the structure–function relationship and application of arabinoxylan from hull-less barley.

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The role of exogenous silicon to mitigate Al2O3 nanoparticle-induced toxicity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2021.117.1.1378 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Ghader HABIBI ◽

Maryam SHAHINFAR

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Direct Evidence ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Exogenous Addition ◽

Al2o3 Nanoparticle

In this study, we used silicon (Si, in the form of K2SiO3, 2 mM) to alleviate the toxicity of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analyses, we showed that the Al2O3 NPs were taken up by barley plants. Barley growth was negatively affected by the addition of 3 g l-1 nano-Al2O3, whereas the diminishing effect of NPs on barley growth was not obvious when 1 g l-1 nano-Al2O3 was applied, indicating that the nano-Al2O3 action is dependent on nano-Al2O3 dose. Si pretreatment ameliorated toxic effects of high nano-Al2O3 on root growth. Si pretreatment did not decrease nano-Al2O3 entry into roots but reduced nano-Al2O3 accumulation in the shoot. The restriction of the root-to-shoot translocation of nano-Al2O3 was one of the important mechanisms for Si to mitigate high nano-Al2O3 toxicity. The occurrence of oxidative stress was found under 3 g l1 nano-Al2O3 treatment, as evaluated by the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA). Exogenous addition of Si could alleviate toxicity symptoms induced by Al2O3 nanoparticles by reducing lipid peroxidation via enhancing antioxidant activity of catalase as well as by limiting the root-to-shoot translocation of nano-Al2O3. These data provide the first direct evidence that the Si pretreatment ameliorates nano Al2O3 phytotoxicity in plants.

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