Multichannel profile-based monitoring method and its application in the basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 375-390
Author(s):  
Qingting Qian ◽  
Xiaolei Fang ◽  
Jinwu Xu ◽  
Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Steelmaking Process ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Basic Oxygen

scholarly journals Estimation of phosphorus distribution ratio at the end of blowing in BOF

10.30544/646 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-436
Author(s):  
Z. M. Slović ◽  
D. Bradarić ◽  
Karlo Raić ◽  
J. Z. Slović
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Partition Ratio ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Steelmaking Process ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Phosphorus Distribution Ratio

In integrated steel plants, the removal of phosphorous normally takes place during the primary basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. Phosphorous is usually introduced to the integrated steelmaking process through blast furnace additions, such as iron ore, coke, sinter, and fluxes. Among the others parameters such as optimizing the charging system, oxygen supply system, oxygen lance parameters of the converter, the flux quality in combination with temperature process control can improve the BOF efficiency of Dephosphorization. Phosphorus partition ratio (LP) is usually used to evaluate the thermodynamic efficiency of the dephosphorization of slags with different compositions in steelmaking processes. However, this parameter is only useful in equilibrium conditions, and it is not accurate when used to evaluate slag efficiency in industrial processes. Because of this, the aim of this work was to study the phosphorus partition ratio estimated from the experimental results in real plant conditions of two different BOF steel plants and compare them with well-known published models. In the present study, data from two steel plants (further Plant A and Plant B) were evaluated applying Healy’s, Suito and Inoui’s, Zhang’s as well as Assis’s equations. The calculated values were compared against measured values.

Analysis of Sensor-Lance Samples for Basic Oxygen Furnace Control

1980 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Linde
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Steelmaking Process ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Furnace Control ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Water Cooling System

As part of a new basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking control system, procedures were developed for rapidly handling and accurately analyzing steel samples taken with a sensor-lance from an upright vessel. Determinations must be: (1) accurate to control the steelmaking process and assure that the heats are made to specifications, and (2) rapid to reduce BOF turnabout time and thus provide the potential to increase productivity. A pneumatic tube carrier was developed to safely transport hot (2200°F) lance samples to the laboratory. The samples are cut and cooled simultaneously on a high-speed abrasive cutoff machine equipped with a specially designed sample clamp and a high-volume water cooling system. Initially, the analytical performance was not as good as that obtained from conventional cast disk samples. Analysis deviations were traced to large slag-type sulfur-bearing inclusions in the lance samples. Accurate analyses were then obtained by increasing the spectrometer preburn time from 3 to 15 s. More than 1000 trial heats have been made. The procedures we developed permit hot samples to be removed from the lance sampler, sent to the laboratory, analyzed, and reported in about 3 minutes.

Optimal control of the blowing mode parameters during basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
Yurii Mariiash ◽  
Oleksandr Stepanets
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Quadratic Functional ◽  
Steelmaking Process ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Control Approach

The oxygen converter is intended for production of steel from liquid cast iron and steel scrap at blowing by oxygen. Nowadays, Basic Oxygen Furnace process is the main method for steelmaking. The main disadvantage of the basic oxygen furnace is the limited ability to increase the part of scrap metal. The task of the proposed approach is to control of the blowing mode parameters to establish the optimal level of CO2 that will ensure a minimum specific cost of steel in the presence of restrictions and boundary conditions of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process. A model predictive control taking into account the constraints on the input signals and the quadratic functional is proposed.  The design of Model Predictive Control is based on mathematical model of an object. This approach minimizes the cost function that characterizes the quality of the process. The result of the automatic control system modeling shows that the Model Predictive Control approach provides retention of carbon dioxide level when oxygen consumption is changing. The obtained quadratic functional is optimized to find the optimal control of blowing parameters.

Synthesis and characterisation of alites from reduced basic oxygen furnace slags

2021 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 106518
Author(s):  
Katharina Schraut ◽  
Burkart Adamczyk ◽  
Christian Adam ◽  
Dietmar Stephan ◽  
Birgit Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Basic Oxygen

scholarly journals Time-Dependent Strength Behavior, Expansion, Microstructural Properties, and Environmental Impact of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag-Treated Marine-Dredged Clay in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5026
Author(s):  
Gyeong-o Kang ◽  
Jung-goo Kang ◽  
Jin-young Kim ◽  
Young-sang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Microstructural Properties ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Strength Behavior ◽  
Bof Slag

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical characteristics, microstructural properties, and environmental impact of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag-treated clay in South Korea. Mechanical characteristics were determined via the expansion, vane shear, and unconfined compression tests according to various curing times. Scanning electron microscopy was conducted to analyze microstructural properties. Furthermore, environmental impacts were evaluated by the leaching test and pH measurements. According to the results, at the early curing stage (within 15 h), the free lime (F-CaO) content of the BOF slag is a significant factor for developing the strength of the adopted sample. However, the particle size of the BOF slag influences the increase in the strength at subsequent curing times. It was inferred that the strength behavior of the sample exhibits three phases depending on various incremental strength ratios. The expansion magnitude of the adopted samples is influenced by the F-CaO content and also the particle size of the BOF slag. Regarding the microstructural properties, the presence of reticulation structures in the amorphous gels with intergrowths of rod-like ettringite formation was verified inside the sample. Finally, the pH values and heavy metal leachates of the samples were determined within the compatible ranges of the threshold effect levels in the marine sediments of the marine environment standard of the Republic of Korea.

scholarly journals Component Modification of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag with C4AF as Target Mineral and Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6536
Author(s):  
Yanrong Zhao ◽  
Pengliang Sun ◽  
Ping Chen ◽  
Xiaomin Guan ◽  
Yuanhao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Hydration Products ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Bof Slag ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Slag Component ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag

In this paper, a new method of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag component modification with a regulator was studied. The main mineral was designed as C4AF, C2S and C3S in modified BOF slag, and the batching method, mineral compositions, hydration rate, activation index and capability of resisting sulfate corrode also were studied. XRD, BEI and EDS were used to characterize the mineral formation, and SEM was used to study the morphology of hydration products. The results show that most inert phase in BOF slag can be converted into active minerals of C4AF and C2S through reasonable batching calculation and the amount of regulating agent. The formation of C4AF and C2S in modified BOF slag is better, and a small amount of MgO is embedded in the white intermediate phase, but C3S is not detected. With the increase in the CaO/SiO2 ratio in raw materials, the CaO/SiO2 ratio of calcium silicate minerals in modified BOF slag increases, the contents of f-CaO are less than 1.0%, and the activity index improves. Compared with the BOF slag, the activity index and exothermic rate of modified BOF slag improved obviously, and the activity index of 90 days is close to 100%. With the increase in modified BOF slag B cement, the flexural strength decrease; however, the capability of resisting sulfate corrode is improved due to the constant formation of a short rod-like shape ettringite in Na2SO4 solution and the improvement of the structure densification of the hydration products.

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