Are Young Adults Aware of Their Health Risks? Evaluating the Differences between Perceived vs Measured Body Mass Index, Body Fat Percent, and Health Risk Category of University Students

Background: Body composition is important for health screening, but appropriate methods for unilateral lower extremity amputees have not been validated. Objectives: To compare body mass index adjusted using Amputee Coalition equations (body mass index–Amputee Coalition) to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in unilateral lower limb amputees. Study design: Cross-sectional, experimental. Methods: Thirty-eight men and women with lower limb amputations (transfemoral, transtibial, hip disarticulation, Symes) participated. Body mass index (mass/height2) was compared to body mass index corrected for limb loss (body mass index–Amputee Coalition). Accuracy of classification and extrapolation of percent body fat with body mass index was compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: Body mass index–Amputee Coalition increased body mass index (by ~ 1.1 kg/m2) but underestimated and mis-classified 60% of obese and overestimated 100% of lean individuals according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Estimated mean percent body fat (95% confidence interval) from body mass index–Amputee Coalition (28.3% (24.9%, 31.7%)) was similar to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry percent body fat (29.5% (25.2%, 33.7%)) but both were significantly higher ( p < 0.05) than percent body fat estimated from uncorrected body mass index (23.6% (20.4%, 26.8%)). However, total errors for body mass index and body mass index–Amputee Coalition converted to percent body fat were unacceptably large (standard error of the estimate = 6.8%, 6.2% body fat) and the discrepancy between both methods and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was inversely related ( r = −0.59 and r = −0.66, p < 0.05) to the individual’s level of body fatness. Conclusions: Body mass index (despite correction) underestimates health risk for obese patients and overestimates lean, muscular individuals with lower limb amputation. Clinical relevance Clinical recommendations for an ideal body mass based on body mass index–Amputee Coalition should not be relied upon in lower extremity amputees. This is of particular concern for obese lower extremity amputees whose health risk might be significantly underestimated based on body mass index despite a “correction” formula for limb loss.

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Body Fat Percentage, Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index are Correlated with Nitric Oxide Levels in Young Adults with Central Obesity

Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.21705/mcbs.v5i1.165 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Feriyandi Nauli ◽

Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽

Endang Mahati ◽

Udin Bahrudin

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Young Adults ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage

Background: Central obesity stands for the corner-stone of cardio-metabolic health, while nitric oxide (NO) is a major regulator of cardiovascular function. To day, the correlation between serum NO metabolites nitrate/nitrite and the obesity components in young adults remains elusive. Thus, this current study was conducted to know the correlation between serum NO metabolites levels and body fat percentage, waist circumference (WC) as well as body mass index (BMI) in young adults with central obesity.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Riau, Indonesia, involving 79 young adults aged 18-25 years, composing of 39 and 40 subjects with and without central obesity, respectively. Anthropometric measurements were performed to assess WC and BMI. Body fat percentage was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and serum NO metabolites levels were assessed using Griess methods.Results: Levels of serum NO metabolites were significant higher in the subjects with central obesity (168.41±12.64 μmol/L) than that of normal subjects (70.57±44.99 μmol/L, p<0.001), but the levels were no significant different between male and female subjects. Serum NO metabolites levels were strongly correlated with total body fat (r=0.618, p<0.001), visceral fat (r=0.733, p<0.001), subcutaneous fat (r=0.547, p<0.001), WC (r=0.717, p<0.001) and BMI (r=0.788, p<0.001).Conclusions: For young adults in Riau, Indonesia, levels of serum NO metabolites are higher in the central obesity group than that of the normal. In this population, body fat percentage, waist circumference and body mass index are correlated with serum nitric oxide metabolites levels.Keywords: nitric oxide, body fat percentage, young adults, central obesity

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Effects of Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percent on Default Mode, Executive Control, and Salience Network Structure and Function

Frontiers in Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnins.2016.00234 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Chase R. Figley ◽

Judith S. A. Asem ◽

Erica L. Levenbaum ◽

Susan M. Courtney

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Network Structure ◽

Executive Control ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Salience Network ◽

Default Mode ◽

Body Fat Percent ◽

And Function

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Effect of sex and race on body mass index and percent body fat in young adults

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2018.10.001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63-64 ◽

pp. 9-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ahmed Ch Saddam ◽

Heidi M. Foster ◽

Moge Zhang ◽

Terezie T. Mosby

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Young Adults ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Percent Body Fat

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Physical exercise and body-mass index in young adults: a national survey of Norwegian university students

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-019-7650-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Michael Grasdalsmoen ◽

Hege Randi Eriksen ◽

Kari Jussie Lønning ◽

Børge Sivertsen

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Young Adults ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

University Students ◽

Body Mass ◽

Age Groups ◽

Female Students ◽

Average Intensity ◽

Exercise Frequency ◽

College And University

Abstract Background Physical inactivity and obesity pose a major public health challenge. The aim of this study was to describe the level of physical exercise and body-mass index in college and university students, as well as to examine potential changes from 2010 to 2018. Methods Data stem from the SHoT study, a national student health survey for higher education in Norway, conducted at 4-year intervals. The SHOT studies conducted so far in 2010, 2014 and 2018, included 6053, 13,525 and 50,054 fulltime students (aged 18–35), respectively. Exercise frequency (average number of times exercising each week) was assessed in all three waves, and was used for the trend analysis. The last wave in 2018 also assessed the average intensity and duration of the exercise. Results Overall, students exercised less in 2018 compared to 2014, but comparable to level in 2010. The prevalence of overweight increased substantially from 2010 to 2018, but especially in the last 4 years and among older female students. Less than one of four male, and one of five female students, met the recommended criteria for both exercise frequency, intensity and duration. As expected, the associations between exercise and overweight/obesity were in a dose-response manner, and strong across all three waves. Conclusions Our findings show that the large majority of young adults fail to meet international recommendations on exercise, and that the proportion of overweight is increasing in both genders and across all age groups. We conclude that there is an urgent need for a broad approach to achieve a paradigm shift in supporting our college and university students to become more active.

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Associations of body fat percent and body mass index with childhood asthma by age and gender

Obesity ◽

10.1002/oby.20284 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Panayiotis K. Yiallouros ◽

Demetris Lamnisos ◽

Ourania Kolokotroni ◽

Maria Moustaki ◽

Nicos Middleton

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Childhood Asthma ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Body Fat Percent ◽

And Gender

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Body Mass Index and Percentage Body Fat as Health Indicators for Young Adults

American Journal of Health Behavior ◽

10.5993/ajhb.31.6.15 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 687-700 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yvonne Brooks ◽

David R. Black ◽

Daniel C. Coster ◽

Carolyn L. Blue ◽

Doris A. Abood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Young Adults ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Percentage Body Fat

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Design and Validation of the Equation for Correction of Body Mass Index

Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.32598/sjrm.10.3.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 400-411

Author(s):

Abbas Farjad Pezeshk ◽

◽

Nader Nokhodchi ◽

Mohammad Yousefi ◽

Saeed Ilbeigi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Composition ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

The Body ◽

Spearman Correlation ◽

Body Fat Percent ◽

The Relationship

Background and Aims: The Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered one of the most common indexes for examining the health. The purpose of this study was the design and validation of the equations for the accuracy of BMI. Methods: In the current 419 athletic and non-athletic subjects participated in this study. Anthropometrical measurement was performed using International Standard for Anthropometry and Kinanthropometry (ISAK) protocol, and mesomorphic and endomorphic calculated based on the Heath-Carter methods. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between BMI and body fat percent, mesomorphic and endomorphic values. Multiple regressions were used to predict BMI. Results: There is a high correlation between BMI with mesomorphic and endomorphic values (P<0.01), but the correlation of BMI with mesomorphic in athletic men was higher than endomorphic (0.77 vs. 0.63). Multiple regression produces some equations for predicting mesomorphic and endomorphic, and bland Altman believes that all equations predict fatness. Conclusion: According to the results, the Equations proposed in this study could appropriately turn BMI to predict body composition so that this equation could determine higher BMI because of the higher muscular mass.

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Relation of Body Mass Index and Body Fat Mass for Spanish University Students, Taking into Account Leisure-Time Physical Activity

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.108.2.343-348 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 108 (2) ◽

pp. 343-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Javier Molina-García ◽

Isabel Castillo ◽

Carlos Pablos ◽

Ana Queralt

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

University Students ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Body Fat Mass ◽

Metabolic Equivalents

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the relation of Body Mass Index with body fat mass while taking into account the amount of leisure-time physical activity for 299 male university students. Body fat mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. An estimation of energy expenditure in leisure-time physical activity in metabolic equivalents (METs) was obtained so participants were divided into six activity groups by percentile: no physical activity by the first group and participants physically active were divided into five groups by percentiles: <25%, 26–50%, 51–75%, 76–90%, and 91–100%. Correlations of Body Mass Index with body fat mass were strong in different groups—values ranged from .76 to .85, except for the >90% group.

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