scholarly journals Transportation policy as spatial planning tool; reducing urban sprawl by increasing travel costs and clustering infrastructure and public transportation

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas De Vos ◽  
Frank Witlox
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
Travel Costs

scholarly journals Ring Road Development Problems in Metropolitan Cities of Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 07001
Author(s):  
Agus Dharma Tohjiwa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Housing Growth ◽  
Problem Types ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Road Development

The development of ring roads in Indonesia are not only as a means of transportation needs but also as a means for the urban regional development. Although it produces many economic benefits, this development produces many new problems, especially in metropolitan cities. The aim of this research is to formulate and describe the problems of ring road development in the metropolitan cities of Indonesia. The data collection was carried out through a survey and interview with related institutions in 7 cities, they are Medan, Palembang, Bandar Lampung, Surabaya, Makassar, Manado, and Jakarta. The result of this research shows that there are 23 problems found there. The most common problem found are the uncontrolled housing development (urban sprawl) and public transportation (occurs in 6 cities). The second most problems found are regional connectivity, ring road intersection, housing access, settlement facilities, and social problems (occurs in 5 cities). All the existing problems can be classified into 6 problem types, they are (1) problem of ring road preparation and construction, (2) problem of disobedience and inconsistency of regulation, (3) problem of spatial planning and urban development, (4) problem of housing growth and facilities provision, (5) problem of coordination among institution and regulatory synchronization, and (6) problem of environmental management related to the integration of ring road and settlement development.

A TWO-PHASED FUZZY MULTICRITERIA SELECTION AMONG PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION INVESTMENTS FOR POLICY-MAKING AND RISK GOVERNANCE

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
İHSAN KAYA ◽  
BAŞAR ÖZTAYŞI ◽  
CENGIZ KAHRAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transportation Type

Public transportation can be viewed as a key determinant and consequence of the social and spatial formation and development of contemporary cities and regions. Transportation policy generally combines four categories of instruments, i.e., investment, pricing, regulation and subsidy, to generate viable alternatives. Capital investment in public transportation supports the purchase of equipment and facilities including rolling stock, tracks, control equipment, and the construction of terminals, stations, parking lots, maintenance facilities and power generating facilities. Risk governance for public transportation investments looks at how risk-related decision-making unfolds when a range of actors is involved, requiring co-ordination and possibly reconciliation between a profusion of roles, perspectives, goals and activities. In this paper, a two-phased multicriteria methodology is proposed to select the best investment alternative for public transportation with respect to the predetermined criteria. In the first phase, a selection among transportation types is made, and in the second phase, a selection among transportation modes of the selected transportation type is made. A case study for Istanbul is given in the application section.

scholarly journals Determinants of SEA effectiveness: an empirical investigation over municipal spatial planning in Sardinia

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea De Montis ◽  
Antonio Ledda ◽  
Amedeo Ganciu ◽  
Mario Barra ◽  
Simone Caschili
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
First Results ◽  
Regional Landscape ◽  
Municipal Level

The late formal tradition of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) European Directive into the Italian planning system has so far induced a variety of behaviour of administrative bodies and planning agencies involved. In Italy and Sardinia, a new approach to landscape planning is characterizing spatial planning practice from the regional to the municipal level. Currently municipalities are adjusting their master plan to the prescriptions of the regional landscape planning instrument (in Italian, Piano Paesaggistico Regionale, PPR), according to processes that have to be integrated with a proper SEA development. With respect to this background, the aim of this paper is to assess the level of SEA implementation on the master plans of Sardinia six years after the approval of the PPR. The first results show that many municipalities are not provided with a master plan (in Italian, Piano Urbanistico Comunale, PUC) and they have in force just an old planning tool. Moreover, just some municipalities have adapted the PUC to the PPR carrying out a SEA process.

scholarly journals SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AS IT RELATES TO TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR IN SIDS: A CASE STUDY IN TRINIDAD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Wright ◽  
Trevor Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Government ◽  
Bus Service

The objective of this research was to analyse the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and the travel behaviour of Trinidadians. Many studies have shown that a relationship exists between the socio-economic and sociodemographic characteristics of an individual and their travel patterns. A better understanding of this relationship can influence transportation policy decisions and therefore, aid in improvement to the overall transportation structure. This understanding of travel behaviour is of particular importance in developing countries and SIDS, where there is limited geographical space, economic constraints and an influx of competitive unregulated paratransit modes into the transportation system. Trinidad, like other developing countries and SIDS, has a public transportation system that is dominated by paratransit modes. More notably, there is increasing penetration of illegally operated paratransit modes, that are aggressively competing in the market and gaining a lot of traction. Data was collected in January 2018 using a revealed preference survey of commuters’ work-based tours in, Trincity, a middle-income housing area with good highway and public transportation access. Results showed that income, age, distance from workplace and gender all affect the likelihood of public transport usage as a primary mode of a work tour and there were gender-based differences in the incidence of walking as part of the tour. Additionally, although most public transportation users considered the government bus service as the safest and illegal paratransit services as the least safe, the usage of such services was more than five times that of the bus. The research points to important service and policy actions which need to be taken to encourage and support shifts to more sustainable modes.

scholarly journals Analisis Karakteristik Penggunaan Moda Akses Bandara Internasional Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Nafilah El Hafizah ◽  
Erwin Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
National Road ◽  
Revealed Preference Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

The new Yogyakarta International Airport began operations with an airport area of 645.63 hectares with a capacity of 14 million passengers a year. Access to the Yogyakarta international airport is distributed to 4 routes to the airport at Wates national road, Karangnongko road, the Southern Cross Road, Daendels road which is using the railroad mode. This study uses revealed preference analysis which is the approach by conveying a fact choice statement to be given an assessment by the respondent. The sample collection is assumed by the peak passenger of the Adisucipto airport, because the Yogyakarta International Airport is recently opened. It is expected to be able to represent demand predictions at the Yogyakarta International airport in the future. The results of the questionnaire were then processed by using statistical analysis to determine the factors that influence the selection of transportation modes to and from the airport. In research, the factors that influence mode choice are travel costs, travel time, travel distance, and generalized costs. The results illustrate that prospective air transport users are more dominant in choosing travel cost attributes compared to other attributes that influence. With the coefficient of determination is 0.528 and the results of data analysis for the selection of mode of transportation using private vehicles is 57% and public transportation is 43%..

Linking processes and patterns: Spatial planning, governance and urban sprawl in the Barcelona and Milan metropolitan regions

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (16) ◽  
pp. 3650-3668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Pagliarin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Regulatory Systems

Governance dynamics and spatial planning regulations are significant factors in the occurrence (or containment) of urban sprawl. However, qualitative investigations of the planning regulatory systems and practices, and governance arrangements that cumulatively stimulate suburbanisation, typically remain detached from land-change analyses. Based on the concept of institutional frames of spatial planning systems, this article elucidates how governance dynamics and spatial planning practices, at different scales, can partially explain suburban land-use patterns. The territorial transformations of two Southern European metropolitan regions, Barcelona and Milan, are examined through land-use data (1990–2012) at different territorial scales. Demographic (1991–2011) and administrative (2011) data are also analysed. In-depth interviews about individual and collective land management practices have been carried out, as well as document analysis concerning spatial planning laws and regulations. This research shows that the metropolitan character of urban sprawl originates from local planning practices mainly performed by municipal authorities through land-use micro-transformations. Further, it highlights the decisive role that higher-level institutions can play in land containment. Urban sprawl is hence not necessarily an unplanned phenomenon, but rather a ‘differently planned’ local and regional land-use strategy.

Community quality of life. A case study of the new Popești Leordeni, Ilfov

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-361
Author(s):  
Andreea Acasandre
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Community Quality Of Life ◽  
Leisure Services ◽  
The People ◽  
Level I

This paper is concerned with the analysis of some worrying present tendencies of urban sprawl in the large, important economic centers of Romania. It focuses on the tendency of building new residential apartments on the outskirts of the big cities. Most of these developments target young people that belong to a still-developing middle class. Big problems emerge, however, when real estate investors take advantage of the buyers’ lack of experience and of the authorities’ poor management, offering small, badly-built apartments in new residential areas which are designed around only one function: housing. The absence of complementary functions that could support the development of communities gravely impairs the inhabitants’ quality of life. At the local level, I was able to identify two main problems: the absence of the necessary infrastructure to support such a massive increase in population, and the absence of local amenities. On a larger scale, the consequences are significant as well: chronic traffic jams due to the large number of people who commute to Bucharest daily, for work. Even though at first Popeşti-Leordeni (a satellite-town of Romania’s capital) was considered a good housing option, the people living there are rapidly becoming highly unsatisfied with their quality of life. In their opinion, the biggest problems of this urban area are the absence of green spaces, of leisure services, of parking options, and of means of public transportation. To these complaints, the inhabitants add dissatisfaction with the general problems caused by the endless building sites, which also represent one of the main causes for the lack of cleanliness, bad roads, noise and pollution plaguing the area. This paper, based both on the analysis of statistical data and on empirical research, aims to show that Popeşti-Leordeni, especially the New Popeşti neighborhood, is an example of bad housing caused by corruption, investors’ greed, bad management on the part of the authorities, and the young buyers’ inexperience. Keywords: quality of life; urban sprawl; satellite-town; mono-functionality; community.

Effects of Bus Lane Operation on Transportation Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 2019-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Luo ◽  
Da Lin Qian
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
User Equilibrium ◽  
Mass Transportation ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Congested Networks ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bus Lane ◽  
Transit Operation ◽  
Network Efficiency Measure

In this paper, we proposed a network efficiency measure for congested networks based on the user equilibrium, travel costs, demand and road resources being occupied. Compares the network efficiency on expressway before and after the bus lane operation, the results show that the exclusive bus lane stimulates demand for mass transportation, which greatly improves the efficiency of transit operation. Finally, combined with the survey data, we are clear that how to improve the level of services of public transportation and how to attract more travelers to use buses for commuting.

Public Transportation Dynamic Guidance Model and Algorithm

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 3113-3116
Author(s):  
Liang Zou ◽  
Ling Xiang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
A Algorithm ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Computational Performance ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
Average Computation Time ◽  
Guidance Model

The current public transportation guidance models are static and based on travel times, travel distance and travel costs. However latest survey shows that travel time has become the key factor for passenger travel route selection in big cities. Dynamic public transportation guidance model based on travel time and waiting time was proposed and the effectiveness of this model is proved in this paper. To solve this model efficiently, this paper proposed the application of A* algorithm in dealing with this models using straight line distance between two bus stops in electronic maps as Priori knowledge. Finally, the developed model and algorithm were implemented with 50 random OD pairs based on Guangzhou’s public transportation networks (containing 471 public transportation routes and 1040 stops) and Guangzhou’s electronic map. Their computational performance was analyzed experimentally. The result indicates that the models and algorithm proposed in this paper are very efficient. The average computation time of the algorithm proposed in this paper is 0.154s and the average number of nodes selected of this algorithm is 194.2.

Modelling urban form: A multidimensional typology of urban occupation for spatial analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Abrantes ◽  
Jorge Rocha ◽  
Eduarda Marques da Costa ◽  
Eduardo Gomes ◽  
Paulo Morgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Spatial Metrics ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Geographical Scale ◽  
Self Organising Map

The conceptual and methodological debate on urban form has grown in the last decades to recognize that social, economic, demographic and political processes can contribute to the development of new urban forms, especially those related to urban sprawl, as well as to find alternative methodologies for measuring them. Spatial metrics derived from landscape ecology arise as principal indicators to measure urban form. This paper proposes a typology of the urban occupation of Portuguese municipalities. It uses land use/cover data from 1990 and 2006 to extract built-up areas, and it presents five spatial metrics alongside seventeen statistical indicators from 1991 to 2011 most commonly used in the literature to characterize urban occupation. It uses a self-organising map as a visual tool to identify trends and relationships among variables and to cluster municipalities. Based on the self-organising map’s visual clustering, six types of urban occupation of Portuguese municipalities are proposed. In addition, the paper discusses the added value of using indicators that describe both the patterns and the characteristics of the municipalities for making spatial planning decisions in Portugal. The observed results show that spatial metrics are particularly adequate for measuring peri-urban municipalities (urban sprawl areas). These results represent the first multidimensional and systematic analysis of Portuguese urban occupation and they can be the first step in the integration of spatial metrics as indicators that are suitable for the analysis of spatial planning, and also for comparative purposes at a broader geographical scale.

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