Do job creation schemes improve the social integration and well-being of the long-term unemployed?

Background: Relationships are vital to recovery however, there is uncertainty whether users have different types of social networks in different mental health settings and how these networks may impact on users’ wellbeing. Aims: To compare the social networks of people with long-term mental illness in the community with those of people in a general adult in-patient unit. Method: A sample of general adult in-patients with enduring mental health problems, aged between 18 and 65, was compared with a similar sample attending a general adult psychiatric clinic. A cross-sectional survey collected demographic data and information about participants’ social networks. Participants also completed the Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale to examine well-being and the Significant Others Scale to explore their social network support. Results: The study recruited 53 participants (25 living in the community and 28 current in-patients) with 339 named as important members of their social networks. Both groups recorded low numbers in their social networks though the community sample had a significantly greater number of social contacts (7.4 vs. 5.4), more monthly contacts with members of their network and significantly higher levels of social media use. The in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Conclusions: People with serious and enduring mental health problems living in the community had a significantly greater number of people in their social network than those who were in-patients while the in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Recommendations for future work have been made.

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Long-term care as contested acoustical space: Exploring resident relationships and identities in sound

Building Acoustics ◽

10.1177/1351010x19890478 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 61-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Megan E Graham

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Social Space ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Care Facility ◽

Well Being ◽

Social Significance ◽

Term Care ◽

Similar Treatment ◽

The Social

As the global population ages, residential care facilities are challenged to create positive living environments for people in later life. Health care acoustics are increasingly recognized as a key design factor in the experience of well-being for long-term care residents; however, acoustics are being conceptualized predominantly within the medical model. Just as the modern hospital battles disease with technology, sterility and efficiency, health care acoustics are receiving similar treatment. Materialist efforts towards acoustical separation evoke images of containment, quarantine and control, as if sound was something to be isolated. Sound becomes part of the contested space of long-term care that exists in tension between hospital and home. The move towards acoustical separation denies the social significance of sound in residents’ lives. Sound does not displace care; it emplaces care and the social relationships therein. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork in a Canadian long-term care facility, this article will use a phenomenological lens to explore how relationships are shaped in sound among residents living in long-term care. Ethnographic vignettes illustrate how the free flow of music through the care unit incited collective engagement among residents, reduced barriers to sharing social space and constructed new social identity. The article concludes that residents’ relationships are shaped within the acoustical milieu of the care unit and that to impose acoustical separation between residents’ living spaces may further isolate residents who are already at risk of loneliness.

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Teenage mothers: a long-term view on their well-being

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.137 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

A M G van Tintelen ◽

S H Bolt ◽

D E M C Jansen

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Online Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

Teenage Mothers ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Teenage Childbearing ◽

Short Term ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

The Social

Abstract Background This study aims to address the lack of information about teenage mothers in different stages of their lives by exploring how they are doing in the long term and the social support they receive. Methods From December 2018 to February 2019 teenage mothers in the Netherlands were recruited by Fiom (an expert centre for unintended pregnancy), via social media and a website for teenage mothers (n = 248). Using an online survey, data were obtained to assess various outcomes, such as well-being, education, work, income, housing and social support. Respondents were divided into three groups: 0-3 years after teenage childbearing (short-term), 4-12 years (medium-term), >12 years (long-term). Results were analysed using univariate and bivariate descriptions in SPSS. Results Almost 80% of the respondents reported that they were doing well and were satisfied with their life. 63.3% had a job, and 17.0% was enrolled in education. Short-term mothers worked fewer hours per week compared to long-term mothers (p < 0.001). 85.1% of the respondents reported that they received benefits, short-term mothers receiving more benefits than long-term mothers (p < 0.001). The majority (78.2%) was satisfied with their living conditions; short-term mothers were less satisfied than long-term mothers (p = 0.031). 36.3% of the respondents smoked cigarettes. Most support was given by family (83.1%), mainly from female relatives. About 24% of the respondents received formal support. Conclusions This study shows that teenage mothers, on average, were doing well and were satisfied with their life, in both the short and long term. Regarding income and housing, short-term mothers were in a less favourable position. These results suggest that as the years pass, teenage mothers overcome difficulties. Since the association between well-being and social support on the long term is unknown, we advise investigating the effect of social support on the outcomes of teenage childbearing. Key messages Both in the short-term and the long-term, most teenage mothers were doing well and satisfied with life. Regarding housing and income, short-term mothers function less well compared to long-term mothers.

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Early maternal loss affects social integration of chimpanzees throughout their lifetime

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep16439 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Elfriede Kalcher-Sommersguter ◽

Signe Preuschoft ◽

Cornelia Franz-Schaider ◽

Charlotte K. Hemelrijk ◽

Karl Crailsheim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Integration ◽

Psychosocial Functioning ◽

Social Deprivation ◽

Causal Explanation ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Maternal Loss ◽

Adverse Experiences ◽

Group Life ◽

The Social

Abstract The long-term effects of early adverse experiences on later psychosocial functioning are well described in humans, but sparsely documented for chimpanzees. In our earlier studies, we investigated the effects of maternal and social deprivation on three groups of ex-laboratory chimpanzees who experienced either an early or later onset of long-term deprivation. Here we expand our research by adding data on subjects that came from two stable zoo groups. The groups comprised of early maternally deprived wild-caught chimpanzees and non-deprived zoo-born chimpanzees. We found that compared to zoo chimpanzees, ex-laboratory chimpanzees were more restricted regarding their association partners in the newly formed groups, but not during their second year of group-life, indicating that social stability has an important influence on the toleration of association partners close-by. Social grooming activity, however, was impaired in early long-term deprived ex-laboratory chimpanzees as well as in early maternally deprived zoo chimpanzees compared to non-deprived zoo chimpanzees. Thus, we conclude that early maternal loss has lifelong effects on the social integration of chimpanzees which becomes evident in their grooming networks. Although the retrospective nature of our study prevents a clear causal explanation, our results are of importance for understanding the development of social competence in chimpanzees.

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Economie Action and Buddhist Morality in a Thai Village

The Journal of Asian Studies ◽

10.2307/2054768 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 851-868 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Charles F. Keyes

Keyword(s):

Social Action ◽

Well Being ◽

Theravada Buddhism ◽

Agricultural Communities ◽

The Social ◽

Rational Calculation ◽

Economic Constraints ◽

Political Economic ◽

Central Thailand

Although the Thai-Lao peasants living in rain-fed agricultural communities in northeastern Thailand have experienced some improvements in their socioeconomic situation as a consequence of the growth of the Thai economy since the mid-1950s, these peasants still constitute the poorest sector of the population of Thailand. Moreover, the socioeconomic position of the rural northeastern Thai populace has actually declined relative to that of the urban populace and that of the rural populace living in central Thailand. The economic disadvantageous position of Thai-Lao peasants is linked with a sense of being an ethnoregional minority within a polity that has been highly centralized since reforms instituted at the end of the nineteenth century. Much of the social action of Thai-Lao peasants with reference to the political-economic constraints on their world can be understood, as long-term research in one community reveals, as having been impelled by rational calculation aimed at improving the well being of peasant families. The ways in which peasants have assessed in practice the justice of these constraints as well as the ways in which they have assessed the limits to entrepreneurship must be seen, however, as being rooted in moral premises that Thai-Lao villagers have appropriated from Theravada Buddhism as known to them in their popular culture.

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Catalyst or Crown: Does Naturalization Promote the Long-Term Social Integration of Immigrants?

American Political Science Review ◽

10.1017/s0003055416000745 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 111 (2) ◽

pp. 256-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

JENS HAINMUELLER ◽

DOMINIK HANGARTNER ◽

GIUSEPPE PIETRANTUONO

Keyword(s):

Social Integration ◽

Host Country ◽

Causal Effect ◽

Random Assignment ◽

Integration Process ◽

Policy Paradigm ◽

The Social ◽

Integration Of Immigrants ◽

The Impact

We study the impact of naturalization on the long-term social integration of immigrants into the host country society. Despite ongoing debates about citizenship policy, we lack reliable evidence that isolates the causal effect of naturalization from the nonrandom selection into naturalization. We exploit the quasi-random assignment of citizenship in Swiss municipalities that used referendums to decide on naturalization applications of immigrants. Comparing otherwise similar immigrants who narrowly won or lost their naturalization referendums, we find that receiving Swiss citizenship strongly improved long-term social integration. We also find that the integration returns to naturalization are larger for more marginalized immigrant groups and when naturalization occurs earlier, rather than later in the residency period. Overall, our findings support the policy paradigm arguing that naturalization is a catalyst for improving the social integration of immigrants rather than merely the crown on the completed integration process.

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As Danças Circulares e as Possíveis Contribuições da Terapia Ocupacional para as Idosas

Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre o Envelhecimento ◽

10.22456/2316-2171.4786 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Tânia Maria Assis Fleury ◽

Daniela Tavares Gontijo

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Social Integration ◽

Life Quality ◽

Field Research ◽

Well Being ◽

The Body ◽

Third Age ◽

The Social

Resumo: O envelhecimento ainda é visto como uma etapa de dificuldades e bastante negligenciada. A mulher, em especial, é privada de expressar seus sentimentos ou mesmo de praticar atividades que lhe proporcionem prazer. O desafio está em adotar atividades que permitam o bem-estar dessa população. Surgem as danças circulares sagradas, em que as participantes se expressam pelo movimento, utilizando somente o corpo, participando ativamente de suas transformações e da modificação social. Assim, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo com doze mulheres, praticantes das danças circulares, no Centro Livre de Artes, localizado em Goiânia (GO), com o intuito de identificar os benefícios destas danças na vida das participantes. De posse dos dados, procurou-se correlacioná-los à Terapia Ocupacional, profissão que busca a manutenção da autonomia e independência do indivíduo bem como sua integração social, a qual pode colaborar com esta prática, e vice-versa, para oferecer melhor qualidade de vida às idosas. Palavras-chave: Terceira Idade. Mulher. Danças Circulares Sagradas. Terapia Ocupacional. Abstract: The aging is still seen as a period of great difficulties and quite neglectful. The woman, especially, it is deprived of expressing their feelings or even of practicing activities that provide him/her pleasure. The challenge is in adopting activities to allow the well-being of that population. The sacred circular dances appear, in that the participants are expressed by the movement, using only the body, participating actively of their transformations and of the social modification. Like this, did took place a field research with twelve women, apprentices of the circular dances, in the Center Free from Arts, located in Goiânia (GO), with the intention of identifying the benefits of these dances in the participants' life. From ownership of the data, it tried to correlate them to the Occupational therapy, profession that looks for the maintenance of the autonomy and the individual's independence as well as his/her social integration, which can collaborate with this practice, and the opposite, to offer better life quality to the seniors. Keywords: Third Age. Woman. Sacred Circular Dances. Occupational Therapy.

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Strategic planning under the Local Government Act 2002: towards collaboration or compliance?

Policy Quarterly ◽

10.26686/pq.v2i2.4191 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mike Reid ◽

Claudia Scott ◽

Jeff McNeill

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Strategic Planning ◽

Social Economic ◽

Well Being ◽

Audit Report ◽

Local Authorities ◽

The Social ◽

The Future

By July 2006 all 85 local authorities expect to have their 10-year Long Term Council Community Plans (LTCCPs) signed and sealed, and passing muster with an unqualified audit report. The new Local Government Act 2002 (LGA 2002) has provided councils with general empowerment and introduced a new purpose (section 3) for local government: to ‘promote the social, economic, cultural and environmental well-being of communities now and for the future’.

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Quality of Life in Young Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Longitudinal Analysis of the SPARCLE Study

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.733978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Nicolas Vidart d'Egurbide Bagazgoïtia ◽

Virginie Ehlinger ◽

Carine Duffaut ◽

Jérôme Fauconnier ◽

Silke Schmidt-Schuchert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Young Adults ◽

Social Relationships ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

The Social

Introduction: While most people with cerebral palsy (CP) will have a life expectancy similar to that of the general population, international research has primarily focused on childhood and adolescence; and knowledge about the quality of life (QoL) of young adults with CP, its trajectories, and associated factors remains scarce.Methods: This longitudinal study included young adults with CP living in five European regions and who had previously participated in the SPARCLE cohort as children and/or adolescents. Their QoL in the psychological well-being and social relationships domains was estimated using age-appropriate validated instruments (KIDSCREEN-52 in childhood/adolescence and WHOQOL-Bref in young adulthood). We used generalized linear mixed-effect models with random intercept to estimate long-term trajectories of QoL in both domains and to investigate whether severity of impairment, pain, and seizure influenced these trajectories. We sought to identify potentially different trajectories of QoL from childhood to adulthood using a shape-based clustering method.Results: In total, 164 young adults with CP aged 22–27 years participated in the study. Psychological well-being linearly decreased by 0.78 points (scale 0–100) per year (95% confidence interval (CI) −0.99 to −0.56) from childhood to young adulthood, whereas QoL in the social relationships domain increased (β coefficient 1.24, 95% CI 0.92–1.55). Severity of impairment was associated with reduced QoL in all life periods of the study (childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood): motor impairment with social relationships, and more nuancedly intellectual disability with psychological well-being and social relationships. At all periods, frequent pain significantly reduced psychological well-being, and seizures were associated with lower QoL in the social relationships domain. In both domains, we identified a group of individuals with CP who presented a reverse trajectory compared with the general QoL trajectory.Conclusion: Identification of QoL trajectories and their associated factors yields improved knowledge about the experience of individuals with CP until young adulthood. Further studies are needed to better understand the determinants that have the greatest influence on the different shapes of long-term trajectories of QoL.

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