Bacitracin and isothiocyanate functionalized silver nanoparticles for synergistic and broad spectrum antibacterial and antibiofilm activity with selective toxicity to bacteria over mammalian cells

Author(s):  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
Prashant Mishra
Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
HanGoo Kang ◽  
Jinwon Seo ◽  
Eun-Jeong Yang ◽  
In-Hong Choi

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in various fields because of their antimicrobial properties. However, many studies have reported that AgNPs can be harmful to both microorganisms and humans. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key factor of cytotoxicity of AgNPs in mammalian cells and an important factor in the immune reaction of neutrophils. The immune reactions of neutrophils include the expulsion of webs of DNA surrounded by histones and granular proteins. These webs of DNA are termed neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs allow neutrophils to catch and destroy pathogens in extracellular spaces. In this study, we investigated how AgNPs stimulate neutrophils, specifically focusing on NETs. Freshly isolated human neutrophils were treated with 5 or 100 nm AgNPs. The 5 nm AgNPs induced NET formation, but the 100 nm AgNPs did not. Subsequently, we investigated the mechanism of AgNP-induced NETs using known inhibitors related to NET formation. AgNP-induced NETs were dependent on ROS, peptidyl arginine deiminase, and neutrophil elastase. The result in this study indicates that treatment of 5 nm AgNPs induce NET formation through histone citrullination by peptidyl arginine deiminase and histone cleavage by neutrophil elastase.


Chemistry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1271-1285
Author(s):  
Patricia Zimet ◽  
Ruby Valadez ◽  
Sofía Raffaelli ◽  
María Belén Estevez ◽  
Helena Pardo ◽  
...  

Microbial technology offers a green alternative for the synthesis of value-added nanomaterials. In particular, fungal compounds can improve silver nanoparticle production, stabilizing colloidal nanoparticles. Based on a previous study by our group, silver nanoparticles obtained using the extracellular cell-free extracts of Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PchNPs) have shown antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, nisin—a bacteriocin widely used as a natural food preservative—has recently gained much attention due its antimicrobial action against Gram-positive bacteria in biomedical applications. Therefore, the aim of this work was to conjugate biogenic silver nanoparticles (PchNPs) with nisin to obtain nanoconjugates (PchNPs@nis) with enhanced antimicrobial properties. Characterization assays were conducted to determine physicochemical properties of PchNPs@nis, and also their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were studied. The formation of PchNPs@nis was confirmed by UV-Vis, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy analysis. Different PchNPs@nis nanobioconjugates showed diameter values in the range of 60–130 nm by DLS and surface charge values between −20 and −13 mV. Nisin showed an excellent affinity to PchNPs, with binding efficiencies higher than 75%. Stable synthesized PchNPs@nis nanobioconjugates were not only able to inhibit biofilm formation by S. aureus, but also showed inhibition of the planktonic cell growth of Staphyloccocus aureus and Escherichia coli, broadening the spectrum of action of the unconjugated antimicrobials against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In conclusion, these results show the promising application of PchNPs@nis, prepared via green technology, as potential antimicrobial nanomaterials.


2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2571-2573
Author(s):  
Alina Andreea Tischer (Tucuina) ◽  
Delia Berceanu Vaduva ◽  
Nicolae Balica ◽  
Alina Heghes ◽  
Adelina Cheveresan ◽  
...  

In recent years, bacterial infections in hospitals have grown particularly due to the development of antibiotic resistance. Recent research targets the discovery of new antibiotics that exhibit broad spectrum of action without adverse effects or minimizing adverse effects. In this study, the activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles against three bacteria commonly found in infectious diseases in the ORL sphere was evaluated. The recorded data revealed an activity comparable to that of the standard antibiotics used in these types of infections, with the observation that the activity of the nanoparticles could also be observed in the particular cases of antibiotic resistance.


Author(s):  
Boguslaw Buszewski ◽  
Viorica Railean Plugaru ◽  
Pawel Pomastowski ◽  
Anatoli Sidorenco

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), as a material with attractive properties, has received interest worldwide by the implementation of synthesis particles at nano-size. AgNPs has triggered intense research on the production of nanoparticles using different synthesis methods due actual and future application. The increasing attention of AgNPs resulted in the growth and development of nanoparticles synthesis methods. Recently, various approaches, including chemical and biological, have been used for them preparation. In order to obtain information about size, shape, or optical properties of nanoparticles, a broad range of analytical methods—microscopy, spectroscopy, and spectrometry techniques—have been used. AgNPs exhibit attractive antimicrobial properties against bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative), fungi, and show also selective toxicity toward normal and cancerous cells. This chapter reviewed the methods of AgNPs synthesis, their characteristics, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity against normal and tumor cells.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hussnain Siddique ◽  
Bilal Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Asma Ashraf ◽  
Habibullah Nadeem ◽  
...  

Antibiotic resistance against present antibiotics is rising at an alarming rate with need for discovery of advanced methods to treat infections caused by resistant pathogens. Silver nanoparticles are known to exhibit satisfactory antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against different pathogens. In the present study, the AgNPs were synthesized chemically and characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Antibacterial activity against MDR K. pneumoniae strains was evaluated by agar diffusion and broth microdilution assay. Cellular protein leakage was determined by the Bradford assay. The effect of AgNPs on production on extracellular polymeric substances was evaluated. Biofilm formation was assessed by tube method qualitatively and quantitatively by the microtiter plate assay. The cytotoxic potential of AgNPs on HeLa cell lines was also determined. AgNPs exhibited an MIC of 62.5 and 125 μg/ml, while their MBC is 250 and 500 μg/ml. The production of extracellular polymeric substance decreased after AgNP treatment while cellular protein leakage increased due to higher rates of cellular membrane disruption by AgNPs. The percentage biofilm inhibition was evaluated to be 64% for K. pneumoniae strain MF953600 and 86% for MF953599 at AgNP concentration of 100 μg/ml. AgNPs were evaluated to be minimally cytotoxic and safe at concentrations of 15-120 μg/ml. The data evaluated by this study provided evidence of AgNPs being safe antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds against MDR K. pneumoniae.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 7197-7212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Qian ◽  
Yating Bai ◽  
Jin Zhou ◽  
Linhao Li ◽  
Jing Na ◽  
...  

The CTS-SF/SA/Ag-Exo dressing possessed multifunctional properties including broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, promoting wound healing, retaining moisture and maintaining electrolyte balance.


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