Maternal high-fat diet during lactation increases Kiss1 mRNA expression in the arcuate nucleus at weaning and advances puberty onset in female rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Takumi ◽  
Kousuke Shimada ◽  
Norio Iijima ◽  
Hitoshi Ozawa
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Puberty Onset

scholarly journals Food deprivation increases the mRNA expression of μ-opioid receptors in the ventral medial hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (5) ◽  
pp. R1385-R1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Barnes ◽  
Stefany D. Primeaux ◽  
George A. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Medial Hypothalamus ◽  
Μ Opioid Receptors

Activation of μ-opioid receptors makes animals hyperphagic and increases their preference for a high-fat diet. Previous studies have suggested that this receptor population plays a role in mediating the hyperphagia that is associated with food deprivation. In this paper, we tested the hypothesis that food deprivation will increase the expression of μ-opioid receptors in the ventral medial hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus (VMH/ARC). Food deprivation resulted in a significant increase in the mRNA expression of μ-opioid receptors in the VMH/ARC and the lateral hypothalamus (LH) after 48 h of fasting but not after 24 or 12 h of fasting in either the light or dark. We did not observe a change in the mRNA expression of κ- or δ-opioid receptors after food deprivation. When food-deprived animals were given a choice between a low-fat diet and a high-fat diet, they were hyperphagic and consumed significantly more of the high-fat diet. When the μ-opioid receptors were blocked with β-funaltrexamine (selective μ-opioid receptor antagonist), prior to giving food-deprived animals access to both a low-fat and high-fat diet, it significantly decreased the percentage of high-fat diet consumed. These data demonstrate that hypothalamic μ-opioid receptors may contribute to the hyperphagia and increased preference for a high-fat diet that is associated with food deprivation.

scholarly journals The effects of high fat diet and estradiol on hypothalamic prepro-QRFP mRNA expression in female rats

Neuropeptides ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allyson L. Schreiber ◽  
Kenneth P. Arceneaux ◽  
Raphael A. Malbrue ◽  
Alan J. Mouton ◽  
Christina S. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat

Abstract 58: Angiotensin-(1-7) Mas Receptors In The Arcuate Nucleus Of The Hypothalamus Protect Against High Fat Diet-induced Insulin Resistance In Female Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Mehay ◽  
Sarah Bingaman ◽  
Yuval Silberman ◽  
Amy Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes

Angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) is a protective hormone of the renin-angiotensin system that improves insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and energy balance in obese rodents. Our recent findings suggest that Ang-(1-7) activates mas receptors (MasR) in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC), a brain region critical to control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis, to induce these positive metabolic effects. The distribution of MasR in the ARC and their role in metabolic regulation, however, is unknown. We hypothesized: (1) MasR are expressed in the ARC; and (2) deletion of ARC MasR leads to worsened metabolic outcomes following high fat diet (HFD). To test this, male and female C57Bl/6J mice were fed a 60% HFD or matched control diet ad libitum for 12 weeks. RNAscope in situ hybridization was performed on coronal ARC sections in rostral-middle-caudal regions to determine percentage of MasR positive neurons (n=5/group). In a second experiment, we assessed body composition and insulin and glucose tolerance in transgenic mice with deletion of MasR in ARC neurons (MasR-flox with AAV5-hsyn-GFP-Cre). RNAscope revealed a wide distribution on MasR-positive cells throughout the rostral to caudal extent of the ARC. The average percentage of MasR positive neurons was increased in females versus males, with HFD tending to increase MasR expression in both sexes (control diet male: 11±2; control diet female: 17±3; HFD male: 15±5; HFD female: 24±2; p sex : 0.030; p diet : 0.066; p int : 0.615; two-way ANOVA). Deletion of MasR in ARC neurons worsened insulin sensitivity in HFD but not control diet females (area under the curve for change in glucose from baseline: -1989±1359 HFD control virus vs. 2530±1762 HFD Cre virus; p=0.016), while fasting glucose, glucose tolerance, and body composition did not change. There was no effect of ARC MasR deletion on metabolic outcomes in control diet or HFD male mice. These findings suggest females have more MasR positive neurons in the ARC compared to males, which may be a sex-specific protective mechanism for glucose homeostasis. While further studies are needed to explore the role of ARC MasR in metabolic regulation, these findings support targeting Ang-(1-7) as an innovative strategy in obesity.

Acute effect of high-intensity interval training exercise on redox status in the ovaries of rats fed a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Rodrigo L. Furtado ◽  
Jonathan Elias R. Martins ◽  
Maria Alice F. Oliveira ◽  
Denise D. Guerreiro ◽  
Naiza A. R. de Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
High Intensity Interval

This study demonstrates the effect of a single high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session on the redox status of rat ovaries with excess adiposity. Forty Wistar female rats (mean (±s.e.m.) weight 94.40 ± 13.40 g) were divided into two groups and fed either a standard diet (SD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 62 days. At the end of this period, the rats were subjected to a single HIIT session and were killed 24 h after exercise. Both groups subjected to exercise (SDex and HFDex) generated a significantly higher antioxidant environment by presenting a higher thiol content, which represents a lower oxidation rate of GSH than their respective controls (SD and HFD). The percentage of morphologically normal primary follicles decreased, whereas that of antral follicles increased, in the SDex group. In addition, the HFD group had a higher percentage of degenerated antral follicles than the SD and SDex groups. Cells immunoreactive for α-smooth muscle actin were seen in the cortical stroma and thecal layer enclosing late secondary and tertiary follicles in all groups. Moreover, heme oxygenase and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp19A1) labelling was seen in all antral follicles. Progesterone concentrations were significantly higher in the HFDex than SDex group. In conclusion, this study indicates that a single session of HIIT may result in an improvement in ovary redox status because of metabolic muscle activity by inducing physiological adaptation after exercise in a paracrine manner.

The impact of ageing, fasting and high-fat diet on central and peripheral glucose tolerance and glucose-sensing neural networks in the arcuate nucleus

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. e12528 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. van den Top ◽  
F.-Y. Zhao ◽  
R. Viriyapong ◽  
N. J. Michael ◽  
A. C. Munder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
High Fat ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Effect of long-term high-fat diet intake on peripheral insulin sensibility, blood pressure, and renal function in female rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 28536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi A. V. Roza ◽  
Luiz F. Possignolo ◽  
Adrianne C. Palanch ◽  
José A. R. Gontijo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Intake

scholarly journals Mouse Microglial Calcitonin Receptor Knockout Impairs Hypothalamic Amylin Neuronal pSTAT3 Signaling but Lacks Major Metabolic Consequences

Metabolites ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Bernd Coester ◽  
Thomas A. Lutz ◽  
Christelle Le Foll
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Calcitonin Receptor ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Leptin Signaling ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anorectic Effect

Amylin and leptin synergistically interact in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC) to control energy homeostasis. Our previous rodent studies suggested that amylin-induced interleukin-6 release from hypothalamic microglia may modulate leptin signaling in agouti-related peptide expressing neurons. To confirm the physiological relevance of this finding, the calcitonin receptor (CTR) subunit of the amylin receptor was selectively depleted in microglia by crossing tamoxifen (Tx) inducible Cx3cr1-CreERT2 mice with CTR-floxed mice. Unexpectedly, male mice with CTR-depleted microglia (KO) gained the least amount of weight of all groups regardless of diet. However, after correcting for the tamoxifen effect, there was no significant difference for body weight, fat mass or lean mass between genotypes. No alteration in glucose tolerance or insulin release was detected. However, male KO mice had a reduced respiratory quotient suggesting a preference for fat as a fuel when fed a high fat diet. Importantly, amylin-induced pSTAT3 was decreased in the ARC of KO mice but this was not reflected in a reduced anorectic response. On the other hand, KO mice seemed to be less responsive to leptin’s anorectic effect while displaying similar ARC pSTAT3 as Tx-control mice. Together, these data suggest that microglial amylin signaling is not a major player in the control of energy homeostasis in mice.

scholarly journals Identification of Sox2 and NeuN Double-Positive Cells in the Mouse Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus and Their Reduction in Number With Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumu Sugiura ◽  
Tatsuhiro Shimizu ◽  
Takeshi Kameyama ◽  
Tomohiko Maruo ◽  
Shin Kedashiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Hypothalamic Cells ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Insight Into

The hypothalamus plays a central role in homeostasis and aging. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) controls homeostasis of food intake and energy expenditure and retains adult neural stem cells (NSCs)/progenitor cells. Aging induces the loss of NSCs and the enhancement of inflammation, including the activation of glial cells in the ARC, but aging-associated alterations of the hypothalamic cells remain obscure. Here, we identified Sox2 and NeuN double-positive cells in a subpopulation of cells in the mouse ARC. These cells were reduced in number with aging, although NeuN-positive neuronal cells were unaltered in the total number. Diet-induced obesity mice fed with high-fat diet presented a similar hypothalamic alteration to aged mice. This study provides a new insight into aging-induced changes in the hypothalamus.

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