From a concept to a word in a syntactically complete sentence: An fMRI study on spontaneous language production in an overt picture description task

NeuroImage ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 702-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Grande ◽  
Elisabeth Meffert ◽  
Eva Schoenberger ◽  
Stefanie Jung ◽  
Tobias Frauenrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Spontaneous Language ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Description Task

Le Traitement Prototypique

1996 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Watorek
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
Differential Processing ◽  
Main Structure ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Description Task ◽  
Linguistic Means ◽  
Temporal Adverbs

This paper presents results from a study of the language production of native speakers and advanced learners. Four groups often speakers (native French, native Italian, Italian learners of French, French learners of Italian) performed a picture description task, and a comparison was made between the information contained in the productions of natives vs. learners, and the linguistic means used to convey this information. It was found that the processing of identical chunks of information ranged along a continuum from the analytic to the synthetic, from learners to natives, respectively. Two examples of this differential processing are discussed in detail: firstly, the division of the discourse into main structure and side structure, and secondly, the locating of entities in the picture. The former distinction emerges much more clearly in learner than in native production, and for the latter function, learners resort more frequently than native speakers to temporal adverbs such as puis/più and particles such as aussi/anche, in addition to purely spatial means. Overall, it is shown that learners have a more neutral way of processing the task (Von Strutterheim's "prototypische Bearbeitung"), and it is argued in conclusion that it is precisely this charactristic of learner production which allows insights into both the structure of (descriptive) discourse and the language production process.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Analysis of Picture Descriptions of Healthy Young and Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Fall 2019) ◽  
pp. 132-145
Author(s):  
Johémie Boucher ◽  
Antoine Slegers ◽  
Simona M. Brambati
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Description Task ◽  
Sectional Analysis

It is poorly understood whether and how normal aging affects different aspects of connected speech production, such as fluency, informativity, efficiency, and vocabulary use. The present study cross-sectionally investigates the effects of age on a broad variety of language production measures, using connected speech samples elicited by the two most frequently used picture description tasks. Twenty-six young (20-25 y.o.) and twenty-two older participants (55-90 y.o.) were included in this study. Speech samples were transcribed using the CLAN program and eight measures were extracted. Our results indicate that, in a picture description task, older adults produce more disruptions to fluency, but that lexical diversity, informativity, and efficiency of speech remain unaffected by age. The use of less frequent words by older adults might reflect a larger vocabulary size. These findings have implications for future studies assessing changes in connected speech production, in both healthy and clinical populations.

Discourse characteristics of patients with mild Alzheimer's disease: Analysis of a picture description task and a procedural explanation task.

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-161
Author(s):  
Rumi Honda ◽  
Harumi Matuura ◽  
Yoko Takatuki ◽  
Toshiko S. Watamori ◽  
Noriko Kamakura
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Description Task ◽  
Disease Analysis

Identification of Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Chinese Based on Multiple Spoken Tasks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Tianqi Wang ◽  
Yin Hong ◽  
Quanyi Wang ◽  
Rongfeng Su ◽  
Manwa Lawrence Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Lexical Retrieval ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Late Fusion ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Sentence Repetition ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Description Task

Background: Previous studies explored the use of noninvasive biomarkers of speech and language for the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Yet, most of them employed single task which might not have adequately captured all aspects of their cognitive functions. Objective: The present study aimed to achieve the state-of-the-art accuracy in detecting individuals with MCI using multiple spoken tasks and uncover task-specific contributions with a tentative interpretation of features. Methods: Fifty patients clinically diagnosed with MCI and 60 healthy controls completed three spoken tasks (picture description, semantic fluency, and sentence repetition), from which multidimensional features were extracted to train machine learning classifiers. With a late-fusion configuration, predictions from multiple tasks were combined and correlated with the participants’ cognitive ability assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Statistical analyses on pre-defined features were carried out to explore their association with the diagnosis. Results: The late-fusion configuration could effectively boost the final classification result (SVM: F1 = 0.95; RF: F1 = 0.96; LR: F1 = 0.93), outperforming each individual task classifier. Besides, the probability estimates of MCI were strongly correlated with the MoCA scores (SVM: –0.74; RF: –0.71; LR: –0.72). Conclusion: Each single task tapped more dominantly to distinct cognitive processes and have specific contributions to the prediction of MCI. Specifically, picture description task characterized communications at the discourse level, while semantic fluency task was more specific to the controlled lexical retrieval processes. With greater demands on working memory load, sentence repetition task uncovered memory deficits through modified speech patterns in the reproduced sentences.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON PATTERN OF CODE MIXING IN A SEQUENTIAL BILINGUAL YOUNG ADULTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Prabhu S ◽  
Ruba S ◽  
Dr. Kala Samayan
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Bilingual Speaker ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Description Task ◽  
Age Range

The present study aimed to investigate and compares the pattern of Code Mixing in Sequential bilingual young adult. Thirty Sequential bilingual (Tamil-English) adults between the age range of 18-25 years were participated in this study. The bilingual participants were asked to describe the cookie-theft picture in Tamil. The patterns of Code Mixing (Intra Sentential Mixing and Intra Lexical Mixing) were analysed from the collected data. The results showed sequential bilingual adult uses 4.8% of Intra Sentential Mixing and 5.3% of Intra Lexical Mixing. In pattern of Code Mixing, Intra Sentential Mixing found to more in women. The present study concluded that Sequential bilingual speaker uses slightly higher percentage of Intra Lexical Mixing when compared to Intra Sentential Mixing in the picture description task. This finding will help Speech Language Pathologist to plan assessment, intervention and to development appropriate material for Sequential bilingual speakers in making clinical decision.

scholarly journals Sign Order in Slovenian Sign Language Transitive and Ditransitive Sentences

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-220
Author(s):  
Matic Pavlič
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
First Language ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Classifier Predicates ◽  
Description Task

The basic sign order in Slovenian Sign Language (SZJ) is Subject-Verb-Object (SVO). This is shown by analysing non-topicalised or focalised transitive and ditransitive sentences that were elicited from first language SZJ informants using Picture Description Task. The data further reveal that the visual-gestural modality, through which SZJ is transmitted, plays a role in linearization since visually influenced classifier predicates trigger the non-basic SOV sign order in this language.

scholarly journals Shared Syntax in Language Production and Language Comprehension--An fMRI Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1662-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Segaert ◽  
L. Menenti ◽  
K. Weber ◽  
K. M. Petersson ◽  
P. Hagoort
Keyword(s):  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Fmri Study

The effect of sociolinguistic factors on variation in the Kata Kolok lexicon

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-88
Author(s):  
Katie Mudd ◽  
Hannah Lutzenberger ◽  
Connie de Vos ◽  
Paula Fikkert ◽  
Onno Crasborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Deaf Community ◽  
Sign Languages ◽  
Lexical Variation ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Description Task

Abstract Abstract (International Sign) Sign languages can be categorized as shared sign languages or deaf community sign languages, depending on the context in which they emerge. It has been suggested that shared sign languages exhibit more variation in the expression of everyday concepts than deaf community sign languages (Meir, Israel, Sandler, Padden, & Aronoff, 2012). For deaf community sign languages, it has been shown that various sociolinguistic factors condition this variation. This study presents one of the first in-depth investigations of how sociolinguistic factors (deaf status, age, clan, gender and having a deaf family member) affect lexical variation in a shared sign language, using a picture description task in Kata Kolok. To study lexical variation in Kata Kolok, two methodologies are devised: the identification of signs by underlying iconic motivation and mapping, and a way to compare individual repertoires of signs by calculating the lexical distances between participants. Alongside presenting novel methodologies to study this type of sign language, we present preliminary evidence of sociolinguistic factors that may influence variation in the Kata Kolok lexicon.

On females' lateral and males' bilateral activation during language production: A fMRI study

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anelis Kaiser ◽  
Esther Kuenzli ◽  
Daniela Zappatore ◽  
Cordula Nitsch
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Fmri Study
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