scholarly journals Biofuels and their sources of production: a review on cleaner sustainable alternative against conventional fuel, in the framework of the food and energy nexus

Energy Nexus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100036
Author(s):  
Sangita Mahapatra ◽  
Dilip Kumar ◽  
Brajesh Singh ◽  
Pravin Kumar Sachan
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Fuel

scholarly journals Reducing CO 2 emissions of conventional fuel cars by vehicle photovoltaic roofs

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Lodi ◽  
Antti Seitsonen ◽  
Elena Paffumi ◽  
Michele De Gennaro ◽  
Thomas Huld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Fuel

scholarly journals Research on Fuel Efficiency and Emissions of Converted Diesel Engine with Conventional Fuel Injection System for Operation on Natural Gas

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lebedevas ◽  
Pukalskas ◽  
Daukšys ◽  
Rimkus ◽  
Melaika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Conventional Fuel

This paper presents a study on the energy efficiency and emissions of a converted high-revolution bore 79.5 mm/stroke 95 mm engine with a conventional fuel injection system for operation with dual fuel feed: diesel (D) and natural gas (NG). The part of NG energy increase in the dual fuel is related to a significant deterioration in energy efficiency (ηi), particularly when engine operation is in low load modes and was determined to be below 40% of maximum continuous rating. The effectiveness of the D injection timing optimisation was established in high engine load modes within the range of a co-combustion ratio of NG ≤ 0.4: with an increase in ηi, compared to D, the emissions of NOx+ HC decreased by 15% to 25%, while those of CO2 decreased by 8% to 16%; the six-fold CO emission increase, up to 6 g/kWh, was unregulated. By referencing the indicated process characteristics of the established NG phase elongation in the expansion stroke, the combustion time increase as well as the associated decrease in the cylinder excess air ratio (α) are possible reasons for the increase in the incomplete combustion product emission.

scholarly journals Perspectives of Biogas Conversion into Bio-CNG for Automobile Fuel in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Shah ◽  
P. K. Halder ◽  
A. S. M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
M. S. Hossain ◽  
S. K. Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Gaseous Fuel ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Conventional Fuel

The need for liquid and gaseous fuel for transportation application is growing very fast. This high consumption trend causes swift exhaustion of fossil fuel reserve as well as severe environment pollution. Biogas can be converted into various renewable automobile fuels such as bio-CNG, syngas, gasoline, and liquefied biogas. However, bio-CNG, a compressed biogas with high methane content, can be a promising candidate as vehicle fuel in replacement of conventional fuel to resolve this problem. This paper presents an overview of available liquid and gaseous fuel commonly used as transportation fuel in Bangladesh. The paper also illustrates the potential of bio-CNG conversion from biogas in Bangladesh. It is estimated that, in the fiscal year 2012-2013, the country had about 7.6775 billion m3 biogas potential equivalent to 5.088 billion m3 of bio-CNG. Bio-CNG is competitive to the conventional automobile fuels in terms of its properties, economy, and emission.

scholarly journals Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass Solid Waste and Aquatic Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Emdadul Hoque ◽  
Fazlur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pyrolytic Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass ◽  
Conventional Fuel

Reduction of conventional fuel has encouraged to find new sources of renewable energy. Oil produced from the pyrolysis method using biomass is considered as an emerging source of renewable energy. Pyrolytic oil produced in pyrolysis needs to be upgraded to produce bio-oil that can be used with conventional fuel. However, pyrolytic oil contains high amounts of oxygen that lower the calorific value of fuel, creates corrosion, and makes the operation unstable. On the other hand, the up-gradation process of pyrolytic oil involves solvent and catalyst material that requires a high cost. In this regard, the co-pyrolysis method can be used to upgrade the pyrolytic oil where two or more feedstock materials are involved. The calorific value and oil yield in the co-pyrolysis method are higher than pyrolytic oil. Also, the upgraded oil in the co-pyrolysis method contains low water that can improve the fuel property. Therefore, the co-pyrolysis of biomass waste is an emerging source of energy. Among different biomasses, solid waste and aquatic plants are significantly used as feedstock in the co-pyrolysis method. As a consequence, pressure on conventional fuel can be reduced to fulfill the demand for global energy. Moreover, the associated operating and production cost of the co-pyrolysis method is comparatively low. This method also reduces environmental pollution.

scholarly journals Refuelling the future: Progress towards testing drop-in biofuels in replacing conventional fuel for commercial flights

2018 ◽  
Vol 370 ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
H Mohd Noh ◽  
M N Mahamad Taher ◽  
G A Rodrigo ◽  
N A Abdul Rahman ◽  
S Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Future ◽  
Conventional Fuel

scholarly journals PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Sukirman Sukirman ◽  
Moch. Solikin
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Minimum Score ◽  
Class Average ◽  
Conventional Fuel

This study implemented the Problem Based Learning learning model to increase the students’ activeness and learning outcomes in the conventional fuel system competency in class XI TKRA SMK Nasional Berbah. A Classroom Action Research (PTK) with Kurt Lewin's model was conducted, and the data were collected using observation, tests, and documentation. The indicator of the success of this study is if more than 75% of students are active and 75% of students reach the minimum score criteria (75). The participants of this study were 32 students of class XI. The results showed that the application of PBL able to increase the students’ activeness and learning outcomes on the competence to understand the conventional gasoline fuel system. This can be seen from: (1) an increase in positive activities (activities that support the implementation of the teaching and learning process) and a decrease in negative activities (activities that interfere with the implementation of the teaching and learning process) in each cycle. Positive activity in cycle I was 51% and cycle II was 76%; (2) there is an increase in the class average and students' learning completeness. The class average in cycle I was 71 and cycle II was 78. Meanwhile, students' learning completeness in cycle I was 43.75%, cycle II was 84.37%.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Bus Rapid Transit System: A Comparative Analysis of Alternative Approaches for Energy Efficient Eco-Friendly Public Transport System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Monib Shahzad ◽  
Naveed Ahmad ◽  
Abdullah Zamad ◽  
Sabahat Hussan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Hybrid Bus ◽  
Conventional Fuel ◽  
Bus System

The development of the bus rapid transit system (BRTS) is tremendously growing in developing countries of the world. In large cities, the projection of transportation intends to enhance economic growth and changes the image of the city for both residents and outsiders. The purpose of this research was to study the application of alternative options for energy efficient BRTS in developing countries. The BRTS has some of its accessibility patterns that relate to the socio-economic strata. A decision-making efficiency analysis methodology has been applied to analyze the comparative analysis of both conventional fuel and hybrid bus systems for the Multan city of Pakistan. The section-wise application of a hybrid energy-based bus system has been analyzed in comparison to the conventional bus system. Out of 21 stations, the efficiency-wise hybrid bus system remained superior or equivalent to the standard value of 1 except one midpoint section. The finding of the analysis indicates that the hybrid mechanism of buses can not only replace a conventional fuel-based system, but will also help as an energy-efficient and eco-friendly economical solution. This study will help to revolutionize the bus rapid transit system in developing countries.

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