High-speed Light Peak optical link for high energy applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 765 ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.X. Chang ◽  
F. Chiang ◽  
B. Deng ◽  
J. Hou ◽  
S. Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Optical Link ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Light Peak

High Temperature Silicon Carbide Power Modules for High Performance Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (HITEN) ◽  
pp. 000159-000166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hornberger ◽  
B. McPherson ◽  
J. Bourne ◽  
R. Shaw ◽  
E. Cilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Power Modules ◽  
Reliability Systems

The demands of modern high-performance power electronics systems are rapidly surpassing the power density, efficiency, and reliability limitations defined by the intrinsic properties of silicon-based semiconductors. The advantages of silicon carbide (SiC) are well known, including high temperature operation, high voltage blocking capability, high speed switching, and high energy efficiency. In this discussion, APEI, Inc. presents two newly developed high performance SiC power modules for extreme environment systems and applications. These power modules are rated to 1200V, are operational at currents greater than 100A, can perform at temperatures in excess of 250 °C, and are designed to house various SiC devices, including MOSFETs, JFETs, or BJTs. One newly developed module is designed for high performance, ultra-high reliability systems such as aircraft and spacecraft, and features a hermetically sealed package with a ring seal technology capable of sustaining temperatures in excess of 400°C. The second module is designed for high performance commercial and industrial systems such as hybrid electric vehicles or renewable energy applications, implements a novel ultra-low parasitic packaging approach that enables high switching frequencies in excess of 100 kHz, and weighs in at just over 130 grams (offering ~5× mass reduction and ~3× size reduction in comparison with industry standard power brick packaging technology). It is configurable as either a half or full bridge converter. In this discussion, APEI, Inc. introduces these products and presents practical testing of each.

A novel lens system for high speed Light Peak optical link

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Chiang ◽  
Shaosan Chen ◽  
Chefan Shen ◽  
Hans Shang ◽  
Janpu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Optical Link ◽  
Light Peak

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

scholarly journals 1.5 °C degrowth scenarios suggest the need for new mitigation pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz T. Keyßer ◽  
Manfred Lenzen
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Integrated Assessment Modelling ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
Energy Emissions

Abstract1.5  °C scenarios reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) rely on combinations of controversial negative emissions and unprecedented technological change, while assuming continued growth in gross domestic product (GDP). Thus far, the integrated assessment modelling community and the IPCC have neglected to consider degrowth scenarios, where economic output declines due to stringent climate mitigation. Hence, their potential to avoid reliance on negative emissions and speculative rates of technological change remains unexplored. As a first step to address this gap, this paper compares 1.5  °C degrowth scenarios with IPCC archetype scenarios, using a simplified quantitative representation of the fuel-energy-emissions nexus. Here we find that the degrowth scenarios minimize many key risks for feasibility and sustainability compared to technology-driven pathways, such as the reliance on high energy-GDP decoupling, large-scale carbon dioxide removal and large-scale and high-speed renewable energy transformation. However, substantial challenges remain regarding political feasibility. Nevertheless, degrowth pathways should be thoroughly considered.

scholarly journals Evaluation of emerging parallel optical link technology for high energy physics

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. C01007-C01007 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Chramowicz ◽  
S Kwan ◽  
A Prosser ◽  
M Winchell
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Optical Link ◽  
Energy Physics

Detector commissioning and development for PETRA-III

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (SRMS-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pennicard ◽  
Heinz Graafsma ◽  
Michael Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Silicon Detectors ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synchrotron Light

The new synchrotron light source PETRA-III produced its first beam last year. The extremely high brilliance of PETRA-III and the large energy range of many of its beamlines make it useful for a wide range of experiments, particularly in materials science. The detectors at PETRA-III will need to meet several requirements, such as operation across a wide dynamic range, high-speed readout and good quantum efficiency even at high photon energies. PETRA-III beamlines with lower photon energies will typically be equipped with photon-counting silicon detectors for two-dimensional detection and silicon drift detectors for spectroscopy and higher-energy beamlines will use scintillators coupled to cameras or photomultiplier tubes. Longer-term developments include ‘high-Z’ semiconductors for detecting high-energy X-rays, photon-counting readout chips with smaller pixels and higher frame rates and pixellated avalanche photodiodes for time-resolved experiments.

scholarly journals Carbon Substitution on N24Cages: Crossover between Triangular and Hexagonal Structures

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Carrie Sanders ◽  
Douglas L. Strout
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Cylindrical Structures ◽  
High Energy Materials ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Carbon Substitution ◽  
Complex Forms ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Carbon Inclusion

Complex forms of nitrogen are of interest for their potential as high-energy materials, but many all-nitrogen systems lack the stability for practical high-energy applications. Inclusion of carbon atoms in an otherwise all-nitrogen structure can increase stability. Nitrogen cages are known for energetically preferring cylindrical structures with triangular endcaps, but carbon cages prefer the pentagon-hexagon structure of the fullerenes. Previous calculations on N22C2have shown that carbon inclusion narrows the gap between triangular and fullerene-like structures. In the current study, three isomers of N24are used as frameworks for carbon substitution. Theoretical calculations are carried out on isomers of N20C4, N18C6, and N16C8, with the goal of determining what level of carbon substitution causes the carbon fullerene-like structures to become energetically preferred.

High Speed Imaging of Forced Ignition Kernels in Non-Uniform Jet Fuel/Air Mixtures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Wei ◽  
Brandon Sforzo ◽  
Jerry Seitzman
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Ignition Probability ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Planar Laser

This paper describes experimental measurements of forced ignition of prevaporized liquid fuels in a well-controlled facility that incorporates non-uniform flow conditions similar to those of gas turbine engine combustors. The goal here is to elucidate the processes by which the initially unfueled kernel evolves into a self-sustained flame. Three fuels are examined: a conventional Jet-A and two synthesized fuels that are used to explore fuel composition effects. A commercial, high-energy recessed cavity discharge igniter located at the test section wall ejects kernels at 15 Hz into a preheated, striated crossflow. Next to the igniter wall is an unfueled air flow; above this is a premixed, prevaporized, fuel-air flow, with a matched velocity and an equivalence ratio near 0.75. The fuels are prevaporized in order to isolate chemical effects. Differences in early ignition kernel development are explored using three, synchronized, high-speed imaging diagnostics: schlieren, emission/chemiluminescence, and OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF). The schlieren images reveal rapid entrainment of crossflow fluid into the kernel. The PLIF and emission images suggest chemical reactions between the hot kernel and the entrained fuel-air mixture start within tens of microseconds after the kernel begins entraining fuel, with some heat release possibly occurring. Initially, dilution cooling of the kernel appears to outweigh whatever heat release occurs; so whether the kernel leads to successful ignition or not, the reaction rate and the spatial extent of the reacting region decrease significantly with time. During a successful ignition event, small regions of the reacting kernel survive this dilution and are able to transition into a self-sustained flame after ∼1–2 ms. The low aromatic/low cetane number fuel, which also has the lowest ignition probability, takes much longer for the reaction zone to grow after the initial decay. The high aromatic, more easily ignited fuel, shows the largest reaction region at early times.

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