scholarly journals Au maskless patterning for vacuum packaging using the electrochemical method

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Bo Xie ◽  
Deyong Chen ◽  
Junbo Wang ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Wen Hong
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Vacuum Packaging ◽  
Maskless Patterning

EFFECT OF SODIUM LACTATE ON QUALITY OF LIGHTLY SALTED FISH IN OXYGEN FREE PACKAGING

2017 ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Elena Yuryevna Porotikova ◽  
Boris Lazarevich Nekhamkin ◽  
Mikhail Pavlovich Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Sodium Lactate ◽  
Vacuum Packaging ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Baltic Herring ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics

The present article investigates the effect of sodium lactate on microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of lightly salted Pacific herring ( Clupea pallasii ) and Baltic herring ( Clupea harengus membras ) during refrigerated storage 5 ± 0.3°C. There have been analyzed different processing methods of lightly salted samples of Pacific and Baltic herring: control (without sodium lactate), and experiment (3% sodium lactate), both in vacuum packaging and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP - 40% CO2/60% N2). For vacuum and MAP there were used bags with low oxygen permeability (3 cm3/m2/day). It was found that 3% sodium lactate keeps firmness of the texture of salted fish muscle and reduces the release of water into the package during storage. Adding 3% sodium lactate reduces the value of the water activity in lightly salted Pacific and Baltic herring by 0.01-0,012 units. The lowest pH (0.02 units) was registered in samples without sodium lactate packed in MAP. Organoleptic signs of spoilage in fish without sodium lactate appeared much earlier, and using 3% sodium lactate both in vacuum and in MAP helped protect and improve organoleptic characteristics of the product during storage. Total biological semination of experimental samples packed in MAP kept at the very low level during the whole storage period, i.e. combined effect of using 3% sodium lactate and MAP inhibited microbial growth. This combination allows to reduce twice the rate of accumulation nitrogen in terminal amino-groups and to increase 1.5-2 times storage life of lightly salted Pacific and Baltic herring, compared to their storage life in vacuum packaging without sodium lactate. The results obtained allow us to recommend using sodium lactate in production of lightly salted fish in oxygen-free packaging, especially in modified atmosphere packaging (40% CO2/60% N2).

Пригодность очищенного картофеля к вакуумной упаковке и быстрой заморозке

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Maltsev
Keyword(s):  
Potato Variety ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Vacuum Packaging ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Fast Freezing

Отражены результаты исследования основных факторов (сорт, почвенно-климатические условия выращивания, фон минерального питания, температура хранения сырья и готового продукта, срок переработки), определяющих пригодность картофеля к вакуумной упаковке и быстрой заморозке без применения консервантов.The article reveals main factors (such as potato variety, soil and climatic conditions, doses of mineral fertilizers, store temperatures, different timelines of processing) determining the suitability of potatoes for vacuum packaging and fast freezing without usage of chemicals.

MEASUREMENT OF THE DIFFUSIVITY OF OXYGEN IN HIGH--TEMPERATURE LIQUID SILVER BY ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunming GAO ◽  
Jianxin SONG ◽  
Yeqin ZHANG ◽  
Xingmin GUO
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Liquid Silver ◽  
Temperature Liquid

Detecting Critical Crevice Temperature for Duplex Stainless Steels in Chloride Solutions

CORROSION ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 025004-1-025004-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Han ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
B. Deng ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
J. Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steels ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initiation Step ◽  
Critical Pitting Temperature ◽  
Preferential Dissolution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A simple and rapid electrochemical method for the evaluation of crevice corrosion in duplex stainless steels (DSS) is described. Three types of DSS—namely, UNS S32101, UNS S31803, and UNS S32750—were tested in 1 mol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions. Results showed good reproducibility with a typical standard deviation of below 3°C. The critical pitting temperature (CPT) for the same specimens was also investigated in 1 mol/L NaCl solutions. An approximately 20°C decrease from CPT to critical crevice temperature (CCT) was observed and subsequently explained. Then, the morphologies of crevice corrosion were studied using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) method. The SEM/EDS study revealed that the ferrite phase was the site where preferential dissolution took place at the initiation step of crevice corrosion, which was in accordance with the prediction by calculating the critical crevice index. Moreover, repassivation was detected with the development of crevice corrosion. The reason was clarified by combining the results obtained with a successful diffusion model, and eventually the crevice corrosion progress was illustrated schematically.

scholarly journals An electrochemical method to investigate the effects of compound composition on gold dissolution in thiosulfate solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 496-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Zhang ◽  
Bailong Liu ◽  
Mei Wu ◽  
Longxin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Polarization Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Corrosion Current Density ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Gold Dissolution ◽  
Tafel Polarization ◽  
Edta Solution

AbstractThe electrochemical behavior of gold dissolution in the Cu2+–NH3–S2O32−–EDTA solution has been investigated in detail by deriving and analyzing the Tafel polarization curve, as this method is currently widely implemented for the electrode corrosion analysis. The dissolution rate of gold in Cu2+–NH3–S2O32−–EDTA solution was determined based on the Tafel polarization curves, and the effects of various compound compositions in a Cu2+–NH3–S2O32−–EDTA mixture on the corrosion potential and corrosion current density were analyzed. The results showed that the corrosion potential and polarization resistance decreased, whereas the corrosion current density increased for certain concentrations of S2O32−–NH3–Cu2+ and EDTA, indicating that the dissolution rate of gold had changed. The reason for promoting the dissolution of gold is also discussed.

scholarly journals Electrochemical bubble generation via hydrazine oxidation for the in situ control of an electrodeposited conducting polymer micro/-nanostructure

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 11020-11025
Author(s):  
David Possetto ◽  
Luciana Fernández ◽  
Gabriela Marzari ◽  
Fernando Fungo
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Bubble Generation ◽  
Hydrazine Oxidation ◽  
In Situ Control

An electrochemical method to manipulate the size and density of electrodeposited polypyrrole structures at the micro-nanoscale by the discharge of hydrazine.

scholarly journals Ultralong π-Conjugated Bis(terpyridine)metal Polymer Wires Covalently Bound to a Carbon Electrode: Fast Redox Conduction and Redox Diode Characteristics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4267
Author(s):  
Kuo-Hui Wu ◽  
Ryota Sakamoto ◽  
Hiroaki Maeda ◽  
Eunice Jia Han Phua ◽  
Hiroshi Nishihara
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complex ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Wire Arrays ◽  
Reversible Redox ◽  
Complex Linear ◽  
Complex Polymer ◽  
Metal Polymer ◽  
Hclo4 Solution

We developed an efficient and convenient electrochemical method to synthesize π-conjugated redox metal-complex linear polymer wires composed of azobenzene-bridged bis(terpyridine)metal (2-M, M = Fe, Ru) units covalently immobilized on glassy carbon (GC). Polymerization proceeds by electrochemical oxidation of bis(4′-(4-anilino)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine)metal (1-M) in a water–acetonitrile–HClO4 solution, affording ultralong wires up to 7400 mers (corresponding to ca. 15 μm). Both 2-Fe and 2-Ru undergo reversible redox reactions, and their redox behaviors indicate remarkably fast redox conduction. Anisotropic hetero-metal-complex polymer wires with Fe and Ru centers are constructed via stepwise electropolymerization. The cyclic voltammograms of two hetero-metal-complex polymer wires, GC/[2-Fe]–[2-Ru] (3) and GC/[2-Ru]–[2-Fe] (4), show irreversible redox reactions with opposite electron transfer characteristics, indicating redox diodelike behavior. In short, the present electrochemical method is useful to synthesize polymer wire arrays and to integrate functional molecules on carbon.

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