Tools and methods to support adaptive policy making in marine areas: Review and implementation of the Adaptive Marine Policy Toolbox

2018 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Furlan ◽  
S. Torresan ◽  
P. Ronco ◽  
A. Critto ◽  
M. Breil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Marine Policy ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Tools And Methods

Oceans and Watersheds: Common Problems, Common Solutions

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Walker
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Marine Policy ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Coastal Policy ◽  
Ocean Science

In its final report, An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century, the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy makes a strong case that addressing some of the most pressing coastal and marine policy issues will require developing fundamental information needed to allow policy decisions to be made within an ecosystem-based context. Establishing an effective ocean observing system is clearly one of the most important challenges and opportunities facing the ocean science and policy community. Progress is being made in hardware development, including sensor and platform designs and construction, as well as in data exchange and management, suggesting that a truly useful system for understanding and predicting ocean conditions is technically feasible, if given adequate resources, and lies in the near future.The Commission also points out that actions taking place on land have profound influence on coastal environmental quality. This conclusion has significant implications for the development of information intended to support policy making, especially with regard to two of the most widely recognized coastal policy problems, nutrient pollution and land loss. This article briefly reviews a series of coastal and watershed policy challenges endemic to a specific watershed and coastal region (i.e., the Mississippi River Basin and the northern Gulf of Mexico) to point out: i) that the interrelationship of many watershed and coastal issues is significant, ii) that efforts to acquire adequate information to support effective marine policy decisions can benefit from similar efforts taking place in watersheds, iii) that steps should be taken to ensure that decision makers shaping marine and coastal policy have access to appropriate watershed information, and finally, iv) that in many instances, policy making must dovetail efforts to address watershed and coastal policy issues, in order to increase the likelihood of success.

“Lex Lata” and “de lege Ferenda” for the R&D Law of Turkey

2013 ◽  
pp. 307-331
Author(s):  
Serdar Türkeli
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Nature Of Technology ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Risk Uncertainty

In this chapter, the content sophistication (legislative-executive and techno-economic conception and implementation) of the R&D Law No. 5746 of Turkey is analyzed by the constructed general framework of reference for content sophistication analysis with respect to the framing principles of neo-classical (optimizing) and evolutionary (adaptive) policy making and policy implementation approaches (Metcalfe, 1995) through their distinct underlying conceptions and implementations regarding to the “nature of technology,” “using, creating, diffusing technology and knowledge,” “specificity, variety, and mode of transfer,” “externalities,” and “risk/uncertainty” (Lall & Teubal, 1998). According to the results of the analysis, it is shown that, for the time being, the R&D Law No. 5746 of Turkey exhibits features of neo-classical (optimizing) policy making frames from conception to implementation in legislative-executive and techno-economic spheres of research and technology development. In comparison to these neoclassical features, features of evolutionary (adaptive) policymaking frames in other economies around the world are exemplified separately. By concentrating on “Iter Legis”: “path that a law takes from its conception to its implementation,” this chapter aims to contribute to discussions and recommendations on “Lex Lata”: “the current law” and “de lege Ferenda”: “future law” for R&D and innovation in any country where “the future cannot be predicted, but futures can be invented” (Gabor, 1963) through legislative-executive terms of techno-economic demand and imagination.

scholarly journals Integrated drought risk assessment to support adaptive policy making in the Netherlands

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolein Mens ◽  
Gigi van Rhee ◽  
Femke Schasfoort ◽  
Neeltje Kielen
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Support Decision Making

Abstract. Adaptive policy-making to prepare for current and future drought risks requires an integrated assessment of policy actions and combinations of those under changing conditions. This entails quantification of drought risks, integrating drought probability and socio-economic consequences for all relevant sectors that are potentially impacted by drought. The investment costs of proposed policy actions and strategies (various actions combined) can then be compared with the expected risk reduction to determine the cost-effectiveness. This paper presents a method to quantify drought risk in the Netherlands under changing future conditions and in response to policy actions. It illustrates how to use this information as part of a societal cost-benefit analysis and in building an adaptive long-term strategy. The method has been successfully applied to support decision making on the Netherlands’ national drought risk management strategy as part of the National Delta Program for climate change adaptation.

Participatory-Exploratory Modeling of Coupled Socio-Economic and Environmental Systems for Adaptive Management of Water Resources

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Alizadeh ◽  
Jan Adamowski ◽  
Julien Malard ◽  
Azhar Inam
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Deep Uncertainty ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Environmental Systems ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Adaptive Policy

<p>Water and environmental resources exist in complex and deeply uncertain systems of social-economic and environmental components.  As such, natural resource systems are impacted simultaneously by the diverse effects of many interacting human-environmental components. While conventional environmental planning commonly stresses estimation and prediction, preferring top-down initiatives and technocratic solutions, this approach often overlooks socio-economic impacts and interactions, leading to unexpected long-term outcomes. In response, it is now widely acknowledged that frameworks capturing the complex dynamics of society and the environment are needed to develop more sustainable environmental and water resources management strategies. Moreover, for robust policy-making, the performances of potential policies must be considered under multiple plausible conditions to enhance the chances of desired outcomes and limit the risk of undesirable results. This research addresses these challenges by considering deep uncertainty in coupled socio-economic and environmental systems.  In this study, a computational model-based approach to support adaptive decision-making under deep uncertainty is developed and applied to adaptive policy-making of sustainable water resources management for human-water systems in developing countries. The Rechna Doab region of Pakistan is considered as a case study. Qualitative-quantitative participatory exploratory modeling is performed by incorporating a physical-socioeconomic system dynamics model, a systematic scenario selection method and a scenario discovery approach.  The Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model is used through storytelling approaches to identify vulnerabilities in policy options in the coupled socio-economic and environmental system by considering its response to drivers, pressures, states, and impacts. Storytelling methods are used to develop qualitative storylines in order to support a detailed and stakeholder-led description of future adaptive management policies. The proposed methodology is used for systematic scenario discovery to uncover vulnerabilities across a range of possible futures and test the performance of stakeholder proposed policies. Also, the tradeoffs between water resources management alternatives, in terms of stakeholder objectives, and their robustness to deep uncertainty are assessed. The proposed approach simulates qualitative and quantitative cause-effect relationships between the environmental system and socio-economic interactions to assess candidate policies, their vulnerabilities and associated adaptive strategies.</p>

scholarly journals Marine spatial planning: Coordinating divergent marine interests

AMBIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Grip ◽  
Sven Blomqvist
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Marine Policy ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Traditional Sector ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Marine Planning

AbstractGlobally, ecosystem-based marine spatial planning has become a useful instrument to coordinate the planning of different authorities. This, for balancing different requirements when managing marine areas and space. In the planning process, ecology is setting limits to which human activities are acceptable to the society. The use of the marine environment can be planned similarly as the land environment. We argue that there are several aspects which must be taken into consideration. Marine activities have traditionally been planned and managed in a sectoral way. Today, it has become obvious that a more holistic, multi-sectoral and coordinated approach is needed in future successful marine planning and management. The increased awareness of the importance of the oceans and seas challenges the traditional sector division and geographical limits in marine policy and calls for better coordinated and coherent marine policies.

scholarly journals Next stop, implementation: collaborative monitoring to inform adaptive policy-making and implementation

2014 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Hermans ◽  
M. Haasnoot ◽  
J. H. Kwakkel
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Tipping Points ◽  
Water Policies ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
Adaptive Policies ◽  
Share Information ◽  
Multiple Actors

Abstract. Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways has been developed as an approach to deal with deep uncertainties and support robust decision-making for long-term planning. Given the unpredictable and uncertain futures, implementation of the resulting adaptive policies needs to be informed by regular monitoring. However, monitoring implementation in practice is complicated by the need to coordinate activities and share information among multiple actors. Here we present a first outline for an approach to organise collaborative monitoring to support adaptive implementation of long-term water policies. The analytical basis rests on an extension of Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways with actor analysis principles. Monitoring is to be organised around adaptation tipping points, for which a set of questions needs to be addressed that put societal actors central. Examples from two water management cases in the Netherlands suggest the usefulness of this approach.

scholarly journals Living up to the brand: greening Aotearoa’s marine policy

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McGinnis
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Marine Policy ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Coastal Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Marine Areas

The recent oil spill in the Bay of Plenty along the east coast of New Zealand has intensified debate over the future of marine activities in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). An estimated 350 tonnes of oil has leaked from 775-foot vessel Rena, which struck the Astrolabe Reef in the Bay of Plenty on 5 October 2011. The vessel subsequently broke in two and much of it is now under water. Large numbers of containers have been washed up on the shore or have sunk. Well over 1,300 birds have died as a result of the spill, but this number of marine life casualties is an estimate at best. The spill is New Zealand’s worst environmental disaster in decades. Yet these are the types of impacts that can occur when marine areas are developed or used in areas of close proximity to sensitive island and coastal marine ecosystems of high biodiversity value. 

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