“Lex Lata” and “de lege Ferenda” for the R&D Law of Turkey

2013 ◽  
pp. 307-331
Author(s):  
Serdar Türkeli
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Nature Of Technology ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Risk Uncertainty

In this chapter, the content sophistication (legislative-executive and techno-economic conception and implementation) of the R&D Law No. 5746 of Turkey is analyzed by the constructed general framework of reference for content sophistication analysis with respect to the framing principles of neo-classical (optimizing) and evolutionary (adaptive) policy making and policy implementation approaches (Metcalfe, 1995) through their distinct underlying conceptions and implementations regarding to the “nature of technology,” “using, creating, diffusing technology and knowledge,” “specificity, variety, and mode of transfer,” “externalities,” and “risk/uncertainty” (Lall & Teubal, 1998). According to the results of the analysis, it is shown that, for the time being, the R&D Law No. 5746 of Turkey exhibits features of neo-classical (optimizing) policy making frames from conception to implementation in legislative-executive and techno-economic spheres of research and technology development. In comparison to these neoclassical features, features of evolutionary (adaptive) policymaking frames in other economies around the world are exemplified separately. By concentrating on “Iter Legis”: “path that a law takes from its conception to its implementation,” this chapter aims to contribute to discussions and recommendations on “Lex Lata”: “the current law” and “de lege Ferenda”: “future law” for R&D and innovation in any country where “the future cannot be predicted, but futures can be invented” (Gabor, 1963) through legislative-executive terms of techno-economic demand and imagination.

scholarly journals PKM KATEKESE TENTANG MENGHAYATI NILAI KERAJAAN ALLAH DALAM ERA DIGITAL BAGI ANGGOTA KMK. ST. MARTINUS PAROKI PERSIAPAN ST. MARINUS PU’URERE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Aurelius Fredimento ◽  
John M. Balan
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Kingdom Of God ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Church

The development and the progress of media communication at the present is a fact of the knowledge and the technology development that must be accepted. It presence like the flowing water which has a fast current that brings also two influences both positive and negative that must be accounted for the members of the Catholic Students Community Of St. Martinus Ende (KMK St. Martinus Ende). Both positive and negative influences the media community like a kinetic energy or a power attraction that attract  them in a tiring ambiquity. Let them walk alone without escort of a decisive compass where they should have a rightist attitude and responsible. On the point, the guidance and assistance of the church is an  offering  if the church will be born a generation  of the future  of the  church  that is mature and has a certain quality  based  on the growth  and the development  of acuteness and inner  to determine the attitude to the development of media communication. The process of sharpening of mind and the sharpeness of the participants can be realized by giving some activities such as: awareness, deepening and even  the sharpeness of the actor of  media communication as an  alternative of reporting work of the God Kingdom for human beings. It becomes the main moving spirit or activator  for the board of KMK Of St. Martinus Ende  to plan and boring  about the activity of catechism. The activity rise the method of Amos.  By this method, the participants are invited to build a deeply reflection that based on thein real experiences about the media communication, while keep on self opening to the God planning will come  to them  and  give them via  the commandment of God.  The commandment  of God  come to light, inspiration, motivate, power and critics to the  participants about the using of the media communication as a media of the commandment of the kingdom of God  to the world that is more progress and development lately.

Role of People in the Future Global Order

1978 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadwick F. Alger
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Third World ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation ◽  
National Governments

Proposals for change in the present international order, particularly in the context of the increasing desire for self-reliance and fulfillment of needs in Third World communities, require creative thought about the role of people in the future global order. Perception of the world as a system of nation-states and traditional nonparticipation of the public in foreign-policy making by national governments inhibits the creation of a future in which people can fulfill their needs in self-reliant communities. Evidence suggests that lack of confidence in their national governments is inhibiting people in industrialized countries from responding to the needs of Third World people. At the same time, it is doubtful that Third World governments can satisfy the needs of people without wider participation of the people in governmental foreign-policy making. The future needs of people in both Third World and industrialized communities will only be served by the creation of symmetrical and responsive relationships between local communities in all parts of the world.

scholarly journals Harmony, Beauty, Responsibility — the Impe­ratives of the New Enlightenment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-463
Author(s):  
Georgy G. Malinetsky ◽  
Vyacheslav E. Voytsekhovich
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Era ◽  
Science Culture ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Culture Formation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Club Of Rome ◽  
Post Industrial

At present, there is a transition under way from the industrial to the post-industrial phase of civi­lization, from the world of machines to the world of people. This transition is happening very quickly, in the form of a humanitarian and technological revolution. This makes even more urgent the problem of building a bridge between humanitarian and natural science culture, which is closely related to the deve­lopment of interdisciplinary approaches.In its anniversary report, the Club of Rome “Come On!” put forward the idea of a New Enlightenment, intended to change the meanings, values, image of the future, the imperatives of development of the entire world civilization. The article presents potential directions of the new educational project. There is shown that they are associated with acquisition of the integrity of people, with their harmonious deve­lopment in rational, emotional and intuitive spa­ces. This is illustrated by the development of modern mathematics, in which the ideas of harmony, beauty, as well as, in many parts, its approximation to art, are beginning to play an increasingly important role.The new era allows for a reinterpretation at a new le­vel of the concept of “Homo Ludens” by J. Huizinga, an outstanding cultural researcher. The play is acting as a basis for self-organization, for culture formation, science and technology development. The great challenges faced by humanity require a change of world outlook. The article shows that, at a new le­vel, there is occurring a return to the ideas of Russian cosmists and, in particular, to the concept of all-unity by V.S. Solovyov.At the present turn, a choice is being made between the New Enlightenment and the New Middle Ages. At the point of bifurcation, which is being passed by humanity now, a key role can be played by the culture and education that correspond to the new realities. The article suggests approaches that will allow Russia to avoid the future shock and to be a subject ra­ther than an object of the changes associated with the New Enlightenment.

scholarly journals Learning Innovation in Elementary School to Welcome the New Normal In Makassar City

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Safaruddin Safaruddin ◽  
Juanda Nawawi ◽  
Nur Indrayati Nur Indar ◽  
Muhammad Tang Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Task Forces ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Policy Adaptation ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
The World

The application of policy adaptive to the implementation of policies in the world of education will result in a control. The existence of a policy adaptive policy that is applied can measure 70% of the output generated from the policy. Therefore, policy adaptive makes policy implementation in the world of education more active to contribute in achieving the required tasks. This study aims to (1) describe and analyze educational policy settings. (2) Describe the design and implementation of education policies. (3) Knowing policy monitoring on the implementation of education policies. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach through case studies. Collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, verification, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study found that policy adaptation in the implementation of education policies in the Covid 19 Era was applied with 3 indicators, namely (1) policy settings through 6 important points whose implementation was in accordance with the ability of the school. (2) the design and implementation of education policies is carried out through 9 points, namely SOP, School Task Force, Curriculum Design, Design of technical guidance and special training for educators, PTM scenarios for online learning, and coordination of schools with supervisors, task forces, health centers and the Committee for Policy Implementation Government. (3) policy monitoring on the implementation of education policies carried out through 6 stages.

scholarly journals From pandemic to endemic: Examining transitions in blended learning in teacher education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamini Thilarajah ◽  
Renuka Nasendran
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
The World ◽  
One Year ◽  
Digital Fluency

One year ago, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared that COVID-19 was a pandemic. Twelve months on, we reflect on the educational change in Singapore and embrace the need to constantly re-imagine blended learning for living and learning with COVID-19. Using Dr Roger Greenaway’s four F's of active reviewing - Facts, Feelings, Findings & Future as the structure, this paper first presents the study of the transitions in blended learning of higher education pre-, during and post-pandemic lockdown. This review placed a spotlight on many gaps. Hence, this paper discusses pertinent issues following the review, particularly COVID-19 accelerated remote teaching, the ‘Blended Learning@NIE’ policy, and the policy-making process. This paper also reports the preliminary result of the policy implementation through the end-of-semester evaluation. The result is congruent with the feelings to develop digital fluency as teacher intuition for designing, developing and facilitating more meaningful blended learning experiences.

CURRENT STATUS OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE SYSTEMS. TRENDS AND ADVANCED DIRECTIONS OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
О. Shumigay ◽  
O. Yermolenko
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Electronic Warfare ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
And Control

In the current context of warfighting electronic warfare is crucial for both sides of the conflict. Donetsk and Luhansk regions have become a kind of springboard for testing and application of multifunctional electronic warfare (EW) systems and platforms. The urgency of creating multifunctional EW systems lies in the need to solve the problem of protection of troops, control points, armament and military equipment from UAV air reconnaissance, protection from weapons, as well as disorganization of enemy‟s command and control by jamming its radioelectronic means. The development and passing into service of modern highly effective multifunctional EW systems requires continuous monitoring of the current state of their development in the Armed Forces of advanced countries. Developers from around the world present multifunctional EW systems annualy. The newest means of EW of the Russian Federation are considered and their comparative analysis is carried out. Conclusions are made on the possibility of interdiction of their work in areas of operations. The directions of operational efficiency improvement of the Ukrainian EW systems are offered. The analysis of trends in the development of EW and the latest command and control systems of the world's leading countries indicates the need to review traditional approaches to EW in the armed struggle of nowdays and the future. Therefore, the problem of bringing the state and level of development of EW to the requirements of the future wars is acute for the Armed Forces of Ukraine, taking into account the asymmetric and advanced nature of EW technology development in the world. The urgency of the research lies in acquaintance with modern achievements and directions for the development of EW systems used by the enemy.

Becoming Politicized

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Barkas ◽  
Xenia Chryssochoou
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Political Socialization ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Identity Model ◽  
Beliefs About The Future ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
The Way

Abstract. This research took place just after the end of the protests following the killing of a 16-year-old boy by a policeman in Greece in December 2008. Participants (N = 224) were 16-year-olds in different schools in Attiki. Informed by the Politicized Collective Identity Model ( Simon & Klandermans, 2001 ), a questionnaire measuring grievances, adversarial attributions, emotions, vulnerability, identifications with students and activists, and questions about justice and Greek society in the future, as well as about youngsters’ participation in different actions, was completed. Four profiles of the participants emerged from a cluster analysis using representations of the conflict, emotions, and identifications with activists and students. These profiles differed on beliefs about the future of Greece, participants’ economic vulnerability, and forms of participation. Importantly, the clusters corresponded to students from schools of different socioeconomic areas. The results indicate that the way young people interpret the events and the context, their levels of identification, and the way they represent society are important factors of their political socialization that impacts on their forms of participation. Political socialization seems to be related to youngsters’ position in society which probably constitutes an important anchoring point of their interpretation of the world.

Positive Reintegration as a Way of Small and Medium-Sized Business Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
A. Zolotov ◽  
M. Mukhanov
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Alternative Possibility ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Compensation Mechanisms ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Monitoring And Enforcement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modernization Process

А new approach to policy-making in the field of economic reforms in modernizing countries (on the sample of SME promotion) is the subject of this article. Based on summarizing the ten-year experience of de-bureaucratization policy implementation to reduce the administrative pressure on SME, the conclusion of its insufficient efficiency and sustainability is made. The alternative possibility is the positive reintegration approach, which provides multiparty policy-making process, special compensation mechanisms for the losing sides, monitoring and enforcement operations. In conclusion matching between positive reintegration principles and socio-cultural factors inherent in modernization process is provided.

Two Years after the Crisis: Do Risks of the Second Wave Become Stronger?

2011 ◽  
pp. 4-20
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
World Economy ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Global Imbalances ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Second Wave

With signs of normalization seemingly in place in the world economy, a number of problems show the possibility of aggravation in the future. The volume of derivatives in American banks grows significantly, high risk instruments are back in place and their use becomes more active, global imbalances increase. All of the above requires thorough approaches when creating mechanisms which can neutralize external shocks for the Russian economy and make it possible to develop in the new post-crisis environment.

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