Therapeutic potential of Saccharomyces boulardii in liver diseases: from passive bystander to protective performer?

2022 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 106022
Author(s):  
Binxin Cui ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Bangmao Wang ◽  
Wentian Liu ◽  
Chao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii

Effects of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells on Liver Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Zheng ◽  
Yumin Yang ◽  
Russel Clive Sequeira ◽  
Colin E. Bishop ◽  
Anthony Atala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Chronic Liver Injury ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits

Therapeutic effects of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs) transplantation have been observed in various disease models. However, it is thought that MSCs-mediated effects largely depend on the paracrine manner of secreting cytokines, growth factors, and Extracellular Vesicles (EVs). Similarly, MSCs-derived EVs also showed therapeutic benefits in various liver diseases through alleviating fibrosis, improving regeneration of hepatocytes, and regulating immune activity. This review provides an overview of the MSCs, their EVs, and their therapeutic potential in treating various liver diseases including liver fibrosis, acute and chronic liver injury, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). More specifically, the mechanisms by which MSC-EVs induce therapeutic benefits in liver diseases will be covered. In addition, comparisons between MSCs and their EVs were also evaluated as regenerative medicine against liver diseases. While the mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy must continue to be evaluated and verified, MSCs-derived EVs currently show tremendous potential and promise as a regenerative medicine treatment for liver disease in the future.

scholarly journals Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Liver Diseases: State of the Art and New Perspectives

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Chiara Piscaglia ◽  
Mariachiara Campanale ◽  
Antonio Gasbarrini ◽  
Giovanni Gasbarrini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Organ Shortage ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Cells ◽  
Liver Repopulation ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
End Stage

Millions of patients worldwide suffer from end-stage liver pathologies, whose only curative therapy is liver transplantation (OLT). Given the donor organ shortage, alternatives to OLT have been evaluated, including cell therapies. Hepatocyte transplantation has been attempted to cure metabolic liver disorders and end-stage liver diseases. The evaluation of its efficacy is complicated by the shortage of human hepatocytes and their difficult expansion and cryopreservation. Recent advances in cell biology have led to the concept of “regenerative medicine”, based on the therapeutic potential of stem cells (SCs). Different types of SCs are theoretically eligible for liver cell replacement. These include embryonic and fetal SCs, induced pluripotent cells, annex SCs, endogenous liver SCs, and extrahepatic adult SCs. Aim of this paper is to critically analyze the possible sources of SCs suitable for liver repopulation and the results of the clinical trials that have been published until now.

Therapeutic Potential of Surface Functionalized Mn3O4 Nanoparticles Against Chronic Liver Diseases in Murine Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniruddha Adhikari ◽  
Nabarun Polley ◽  
Soumendra Darbar ◽  
Samir Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Murine Model ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases ◽  
Mn3o4 Nanoparticles

An extracellular matrix-based culture system for generation of human pluripotent stem cell derived-hepatocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Forouzesh ◽  
Mojgan Hosseini ◽  
Mehran Ataei ◽  
Maryam Farzaneh ◽  
Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Hepatic Differentiation ◽  
Human Escs ◽  
Culture Methods

: Liver disease (hepatic disease) adversely affects the normal function of the liver and causes liver problems. Druginduced liver injury (DILI) can be predicted by primary human hepatocytes. However, the sources of hepatocytes for largescale drug toxicity screening are limited. To solve this problem, pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and hepatic stem cells (HSCs) have emerged as attractive cell sources for cell-based therapies. Human PSCs including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the ability to undergo self-renewal and to differentiate into lineages of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Human PSC can be used for generation of hepatocytes to facilitate the development of novel drugs for treatment of severe liver diseases. The therapeutic potential of PSC-derived hepatocytes for liver failure have been identified to enhance the development of chemically defined and xenogenic-free 3D culture methods. To date, several hepatic differentiation strategies and various extracellular matrix (ECM) components have been employed to produce hepatocytes or hepatic-like cells (HLCs) in vitro. In this review, we focused on the potential of Matrigel, collagen type 1, RoGel, and laminin as ECM on the differentiation and function of hESC- and hiPSC-derived hepatocytes. The hepatic differentiation of human ESCs and iPSCs would offer an ideal tool for cell therapy and liver diseases.

Therapeutic Potential of Bone Marrow Stem Cells for Liver Diseases

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Popp ◽  
Pompiliu Piso ◽  
Hans Schlitt ◽  
Marc Dahlke
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bone Marrow Stem Cells

scholarly journals Knockout of microRNA-21 attenuates alcoholic hepatitis through the VHL/NF-κB signaling pathway in hepatic stellate cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (3) ◽  
pp. G385-G398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wu ◽  
Kelly McDaniel ◽  
Tianhao Zhou ◽  
Sugeily Ramos-Lorenzo ◽  
Chaodong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Hepatic Stellate Cells ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Injury ◽  
Human Hscs ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Diseases

microRNA-21 (miRNA) is one of the most abundant miRNAs in chronic liver injuries including alcoholic liver injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that miR-21 plays a role in inflammation in the liver and functions in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which reside in the perisinusoidal space between sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes and regulate sinusoidal circulation. HSCs integrate cytokine-mediated inflammatory responses in the sinusoids and relay them to the liver parenchyma. Here, we showed that the activation of Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) expression, by miR-21 knockout in vivo and anti-miR-21 or VHL overexpression in vitro, suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and IL-1β, in human HSCs during alcoholic liver injury. Sequence and functional analyses confirmed that miR-21 directly targeted the 3′-untranslated region of VHL. Immunofluorescence and real-time PCR analysis revealed that miR-21 depletion blocked NF-κB activation in human HSCs both in cultured HSCs as well as HSCs isolated from alcohol-related liver disease mice liver by laser capture microdissection. We also showed that conditioned medium from anti-miR-21-transfected HSCs suppressed human monocyte-derived THP-1 cell migration. Taken together, our study indicates that depletion of miR-21 may downregulate cytokine production in HSCs and macrophage chemotaxis during alcoholic liver injury and that the targeting of miR-21 may have therapeutic potential for preventing the progression of alcoholic liver diseases. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates that silencing microRNA-21 can inhibit cytokine production and inflammatory responses in human hepatic stellate cells during alcoholic liver injury and that the targeting of microR-21 in hepatic stellate cells may have therapeutic potential for prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver diseases.

scholarly journals Interactions between Myc and Mediators of Inflammation in Chronic Liver Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Liu ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Kwang Suk Ko ◽  
Heping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Most chronic liver diseases (CLDs) are characterized by inflammatory processes with aberrant expressions of various pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in the liver. These mediators are the driving force of many inflammatory liver disorders, which often result in fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver tumorigenesis. c-Myc is involved in many cellular events such as cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. c-Myc upregulates IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β, while IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, TNF-α, and TGF-βpromote c-Myc expression. Their interactions play a central role in fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Molecular interference of their interactions offers possible therapeutic potential for CLDs. In this review, current knowledge of the molecular interactions between c-Myc and various well known inflammatory mediators is discussed.

scholarly journals Unani Treatment Improved Fibrosis in Decompensated Cirrhosis of Liver: A Case Series

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akhtar Siddiqui ◽  
Shabnam Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Function Test ◽  
The Impact

Introduction At present, liver transplantation remains the only curative option for the patients with cirrhosis and end-stage liver diseases. The survival rate and recurrent diseases remains the major issue in the patient post-transplantation. Unani medicine is one of the oldest traditional system of medicine, has been treating chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis [Talayyaful-Kabid] since centuries. The purpose of our study was to assess the impact of Unani treatment in decompensated cirrhosis and collect data to warrant further clinical trials.Case presentation We have conducted a case series with three patients of decompensated cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Cases were confirmed by fibroscan and ultrasound and treated with Unani treatment orally for 3 months. Results were evaluated based on fibroscan, liver function test, EQ5D and TTO-TIME [tradeoff question].Conclusions Significant improvement in liver function test, fibrosis and quality of life were achieved in the patients. We reviewed the literature related to the herbal constituents of chief medicines used for the treatment in this case. The herbs have been proved for its potential anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immuno-modulator and antiviral activities, suggesting plausible mechanisms of action in these cases. The preliminary findings indicate the potential therapeutic role of Unani treatment in decompensated cirrhosis. Clinical trials should be conducted to explore the further therapeutic potential of Unani treatment in decompensated cirrhosis.  

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