scholarly journals Consumption of fast food, sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially-sweetened beverages and allostatic load among young adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna van Draanen ◽  
Michael Prelip ◽  
Dawn M. Upchurch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Artificially Sweetened Beverages

Should We Put a Thin Subsidy on the Policy Table in the Fight against Obesity?

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Lordan ◽  
John Quiggin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
President Obama ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Artificially Sweetened Beverages

The idea of using 'fat taxes’ to curb obesity rates has been raised by many. In particular, the idea of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has received considerable attention in the United States and has recently been discussed by President Obama. Rather less attention has been given to the alternative of 'thin subsidies’, that is, subsidies for the consumption of foods or beverages likely to be associated with reduced incidence of obesity. This commentary examines the case for a subsidy for artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) or 'diet soft drinks’. In this commentary, we outline the evidence on the relationship between health outcomes, most notably obesity, and the consumption of SSBs and ASBs. In the light of the evidence we consider the economic effects of taxing SSBs, and the way in which those effects would be modified by the adoption of the alternative 'thin subsidy’ based on subsidising ASBs.

scholarly journals Racial/ethnic and immigrant differences in early childhood diet quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1308-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke LA de Hoog ◽  
Ken P Kleinman ◽  
Matthew W Gillman ◽  
Tanja GM Vrijkotte ◽  
Manon van Eijsden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Hispanic Children ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Explanatory Role ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Racial Ethnic

AbstractObjectiveTo assess racial/ethnic differences in the diet in young children and the explanatory role of maternal BMI, immigrant status and perception of child's weight.DesignAmong white, black and Hispanic 3-year-olds, we used negative binomial and linear regression to examine associations of race/ethnicity with foods and nutrients assessed by a validated FFQ.SettingProject Viva, Boston (MA), USA.SubjectsChildren aged 3 years (n 898).ResultsMean age was 38·3 (sd 2·8) months; 464 (52 %) were boys and 127 mothers (14 %) were immigrants. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, black and Hispanic children (v. white) had a higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (rate ratio (RR) = 2·59 (95 % CI 1·95, 3·48) and RR = 1·59 (95 % CI 1·07, 2·47), respectively) and lower intakes of skimmed/1 % milk (RR = 0·42 (95 % CI 0·33, 0·53) and RR = 0·43 (95 % CI 0·31, 0·61), respectively) and trans-fat (−0·10 (95 % CI −0·18, −0·03) % of energy and −0·15 (95 % CI −0·26, −0·04) % of energy, respectively). Among Hispanics only, a lower intake of snack food (RR = 0·83 (95 % CI 0·72, 0·98)) was found and among blacks only, a higher intake of fast food (RR = 1·28 (95 % CI 1·05, 1·55)) and lower intakes of saturated fat (−0·86 (95 % CI −1·48, −0·23) % of energy), dietary fibre (0·85 (95 % CI 0·08, 1·62) g/d) and Ca (−120 (95 % CI −175, −65) mg/d) were found. Being born outside the USA was associated with more healthful nutrient intakes and less fast food.ConclusionsThree-year-old black and Hispanic (v. white) children ate more sugar-sweetened beverages and less low-fat dairy. Total energy intake was substantially higher in Hispanic children. Snack food (Hispanic children) and fat intakes (black children) tended to be lower. Children of immigrants ate less fast food and bad fats and more fibre.

scholarly journals Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Artificially Sweetened Beverages with Mortality: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and a Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 676-676
Author(s):  
Yan-Bo Zhang ◽  
Yi-Wen Jiang ◽  
An Pan
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Artificially Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Objectives We aimed to investigate the associations of dietary intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) with mortality. Methods Adults without cancer aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014 were followed up to December 31, 2015. Beverage intake was assessed by 24-hour dietary recall interviews (a single recall in 5109 participants and an average of two recalls in 19,914 participants). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the associations of SSB and ASB intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, ProQuest, ClinicalTrials.gov, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for related cohort studies. Random-effects models were used to pool the estimates, and dose-response analyses were conducted using the 2-stage generalized least-squares trend program. Results After a median follow-up of 6.8 years, 2365 deaths were identified in 25,023 participants. Each additional serving of daily SSB intake was associated with an HR (95% CI) of 1.06 (1.02–1.11), 1.13 (1.03–1.24), and 1.06 (1.00–1.11) for mortality from all-cause, heart diseases, and other causes. Each additional serving of daily ASB intake was associated with an HR (95% CI) of 0.96 (0.92–1.00), 0.90 (0.82–0.98), and 0.97 (0.92–1.02) for mortality from all-cause, heart diseases, and other causes. No significant associations were found with cancer mortality. We identified 23,631 citations and included 12 studies (including 13 cohorts) in meta-analyses. It was shown that each additional serving of daily SSB intake was associated with an HR (95% CI) of 1.08 (1.05–1.11, ten cohorts with 388,548 participants) for all-cause mortality and 1.10 (1.06–1.14, five cohorts with 255,584 participants) for cardiovascular mortality. No significant association was found between ASB intake and mortality in the meta-analysis. Conclusions Higher SSB intake was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, while the association between ASB intake and mortality needed further investigation. Funding Sources National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Nature Science Foundation of China, and Hubei Province Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition in relation to intake of added sugar, sugar-sweetened beverages and artificially sweetened beverages in the Malmö Offspring Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Ramne ◽  
Louise Brunkwall ◽  
Ulrika Ericson ◽  
Nicola Gray ◽  
Gunter G. C. Kuhnle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Multiple Testing Correction ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Artificially Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Purpose It has been suggested that a high intake of sugar or sweeteners may result in an unfavorable microbiota composition; however, evidence is lacking. Hence, in this exploratory epidemiological study, we aim to examine if intake of added sugar, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) or artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) associate with the gut microbiota composition. Methods Participants (18–70 years) in the Malmö Offspring Study have provided blood, urine, and fecal samples and completed both web-based 4 day food records and short food frequency questionnaires. The gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing, processed in QIIME and matched to Greengenes (v.13.8), giving 64 included genera after filtering. Intake of added sugar (n = 1371) (also supported by the overnight urinary sugar biomarker in a subgroup n = 577), SSBs (n = 1086) and ASBs (n = 1085) were examined as exposures in negative binomial regressions. Results Various genera nominally associated with intake of added sugar, SSBs, and ASBs. Only the negative association between SSB intake and Lachnobacterium remained significant after multiple testing correction. A positive association between SSB intake and the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio was also observed. Conclusion In this wide population, the cross-sectional associations between added sugar and sweet beverage intake and the gut microbiota are modest, but the results suggest that SSB intake is associated negatively with the genus Lachnobacterium and positively with the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio. Larger studies, preferably using metagenomic sequencing, are needed to further evaluate if a link exists between intake of sugars and sweeteners and the human gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Eating location is associated with the nutritional quality of the diet in Norwegian adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannicke B Myhre ◽  
Elin B Løken ◽  
Margareta Wandel ◽  
Lene F Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Private Households ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjectiveTo study the association between dinner eating location and the nutritional quality of the specific dinner meal and the whole-day dietary intake and to compare the diets of those consuming ≥25 % of energy out of home and at school/work (SOH; substantial out-of-home eaters) with those consuming <25 % of energy out (NSOH; non-substantial out-of-home eaters).DesignCross-sectional dietary survey using two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Recorded eating locations were at home, other private households, work/school, restaurant/cafeteria/fast-food outlet and travel/meeting.SettingNationwide, Norway (2010–2011).SubjectsAdults aged 18–70 years (n 1746).ResultsDinners at restaurants and other private households were higher in energy than home dinners (P < 0·01). Restaurant dinners contained less fibre (g/MJ; P < 0·01) and had a higher percentage of alcohol consumers (P < 0·05), while dinners at other private households had a higher percentage of energy from sugar (P < 0·001) and a higher percentage of consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages (P < 0·05) than home dinners. Most differences between dinners consumed at different eating locations were also observed in dietary intakes for the whole day. SOH-eaters had a higher energy intake (P < 0·01), a higher percentage of energy from sugar (P < 0·01) and a lower fibre intake (P < 0·01) than NSOH-eaters. The percentages of consumers of alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages were higher (P < 0·01) among SOH-eaters.ConclusionsDinner eating location was significantly associated with the nutritional quality of the diet, both for the specific dinner meal and for whole-day intake. Our data generally point to healthier dinners being consumed at home. SOH-eaters had a less favourable dietary intake than NSOH-eaters.

Socio-economic disparities in Australian adolescents’ eating behaviours

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2753-2758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Niven ◽  
Maree Scully ◽  
Belinda Morley ◽  
David Crawford ◽  
Louise A Baur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
School Students ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between socio-economic position (SEP) and poor eating behaviours in a large representative sample of Australian secondary-school students.DesignCross-sectional survey of students’ vegetable, fruit, sugar-sweetened beverage and fast-food consumption assessed using validated instruments and collected via a web-based self-report format.SettingSecondary schools across all Australian states and territories.SubjectsSecondary-school students (n 12 188; response rate: 54 %) aged 12–17 years participating in the 2009–10 National Secondary Students’ Diet and Activity (NaSSDA) survey.ResultsOverall, 25 % of students reported consuming ≤1 serving of vegetables/d and 29 % reported eating ≤1 serving of fruit/d. Fourteen per cent of students reported drinking at least 1–2 cups of sugar-sweetened beverages/d while 9 % reported eating fast food ≥3 times/week. After adjusting for other demographic factors, students of lower-SEP areas were more likely to report low intake of vegetables (F(4, 231) = 3·61, P = 0·007) and high frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (F(4, 231) = 8·41, P < 0·001) and fast food (F(4, 231) = 4·59, P = 0·001) compared with students of high-SEP neighbourhoods. A positive SEP association was found for fruit consumption among female students only (F(4, 231) = 4·20, P = 0·003). Those from lower-SEP areas were also more likely to engage in multiple poor eating behaviours (F(4, 231)=5·80, P < 0·001).ConclusionsResults suggest that socio-economic disparities in Australian adolescents’ eating behaviours do exist, with students residing in lower-SEP neighbourhoods faring less well than those from high-SEP neighbourhoods. Reducing social inequalities in eating behaviours among young people should be a key consideration of future preventive strategies.

scholarly journals Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption among University Students of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munmun Shabnam Bipasha ◽  
Tahsin Sharmila Raisa ◽  
Shatabdi Goon
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Sugary Beverages

Drinking large amounts of sugary beverages can increase the risk of gaining weight and developing Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and other metabolic diseases. This study examined the preference, prevalence and pattern of sugar sweetened beverages consumption among university students of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was carried out from February to April, 2017 among students attending in a private university of Bangladesh. One hundred fifty undergraduates responded (83.4% male, 15.9% female) in this study. Most students (95.4%) reported sugared beverage intake and 53.6% reported more than two days in a week intake. Male students were more likely than female students to report regular sugary beverages intake (85.4% vs. 14.5%). The main reasons for fast food consumption were: good taste and refreshing (80.1%), cost effective (6.6%), easy accessibility (2.6%), increased convenience (8.6%), peer influence (1.3%). Good taste and price were the most important factors in choosing beverages. Coca-Cola (49%), Fanta (25.8%), Sprite(9.9%) and Slice(14.6%) has been reported as mostly consumed beverages among students. Most students (54.5%) reported sugary beverages purchase from neighborhood convenient stores. 94.5% students said that if they would provide with healthful beverages within their food environment, they would prefer drinking healthful beverages (lemon water, non-sugary beverages) instead of sugar beverages. Self-reported sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among undergraduates is substantial and likely contributes considerable non-nutritive calories, which may contribute to weight gain. Specific health education programs, dietary guidelines and effective public awareness campaigns could be initiated to address the unhealthy drinking pattern of university students and improve their health.

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