Are sugar-sweetened beverages contributing to the rising occurrence of colorectal cancer in young adults?

Abstract Objectives Regular consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and other obesity-related diseases. Evidence regarding the effect of 100% fruit juice on glycemic control is conflicting, with little research assessing the metabolic effects of SSBs versus 100% fruit juice, particularly in young, healthy individuals. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine whether there were differences in glycemic control outcomes following three weeks of added caffeine-free soda, 100% fruit juice, or water in healthy, young adults. Methods In a 3-arm randomized controlled trial, 36 participants (21.2 ± 2.8 yrs) consumed one of three beverages for three weeks: water (W), caffeine-free soda (S), or 100% fruit juice (FJ). At baseline and following the 3-week intervention, participants completed anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference, body composition via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) and glycemic control assessments (fasting glucose (mg/dL), fasting insulin (IU/mL), and a 2-hour glucose tolerance test (OGTT)). Following baseline assessments, participants consumed two servings/day (∼710 mL) of their randomized beverage for three weeks, along with their habitual diets. Insulin resistance was calculated using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). Differences between beverages for glycemic control outcomes were determined using ANOVA. Results Following the 3-week intervention, changes in fasting glucose were not significantly different between beverage conditions (W:4.70 ± 7.57%, S:5.46 ± 9.79%, FJ:4.93 ± 5.32%; P = 0.97), nor were changes in fasting insulin (W:25.77 ± 33.65%, S:15.71% ± 69.84%, FJ:25.86 ± 54.92%; P = 0.88). Changes in HOMA-IR were not different between beverage conditions (P = 0.96) and similarly, 2-hour OGTT revealed no differences between beverage conditions for glucose (P = 0.82) or insulin incremental area under the curve (P = 0.44). Conclusions In healthy, young adults, under free-living conditions, there were no differences in glycemic control outcomes when adding two servings of SSBs as compared to 100% fruit juice for three weeks. Longer-term trials are needed to elucidate the potential differential glycemic control responses to SSBs versus 100% fruit juice. Funding Sources N/A.

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Consumption of fast food, sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially-sweetened beverages and allostatic load among young adults

Preventive Medicine Reports ◽

10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.11.004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 212-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jenna van Draanen ◽

Michael Prelip ◽

Dawn M. Upchurch

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Fast Food ◽

Allostatic Load ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Artificially Sweetened Beverages

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Sugar-sweetened beverages and colorectal cancer risk in the California Teachers Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0223638 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. e0223638 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lorena S. Pacheco ◽

Cheryl A. M. Anderson ◽

James V. Lacey ◽

Edward L. Giovannucci ◽

Hector Lemus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sweetened Beverages

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Replacement of Sugar‐Sweetened Beverages with Water and its Impact on Insulin Sensitivity Among Overweight Adolescents and Young Adults

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.584.12 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Ran Jin ◽

Lindsay Collin ◽

Miriam Vos ◽

Jean Welsh

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Overweight Adolescents

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The Comparison of Water Intake Patterns and Hydration Biomarkers among Young Adults with Different Hydration Statuses in Hebei, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-79481/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jianfen Zhang ◽

Na Zhang ◽

Shufang Liu ◽

Songming Du ◽

Hairong He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Water Intake ◽

Plasma Osmolality ◽

Trial Registration ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Trial Registry ◽

Clinical Trial Registry ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Males And Females

Abstract Background: Water is essential for maintaining the functions of human body properly. Studies have shown that the amounts and contributions of fluids were associated with health and hydration status. The objectives of the study was that to explore the differences of water intake pattern and hydration biomarkers among young males and females in different hydration statuses.Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented among 159 young adults aged 18-23 years in Hebei, China. The total drinking fluids and water from food were obtained by 7-day 24-h fluid intake questionnaire and duplicate portion method, respectively. The osmolality and electrolyte concentrations of the 24h urine and plasma were tested. Differences in optimal hydration (OH), middle hydration (MH) and hypohydration (HH) groups, divided by the osmolality of 24h urine, were compared. Results: Totally, 156 participants (80 males and 76 females) completed the study. OH group had highest proportions of participants met the recommendations of TWI (total water intake) and total drinking fluids of China (34.5%, 36.2%), while HH group had lowest (7.7%, 0.0%). OH group had higher amounts of TWI, total drinking fluids, water and lower amounts of SSBs (sugar-sweetened-beverages) (p<0.05). The percentage of total drinking fluids in TWI decreased from 54.1% in OH group to 42.6% in HH group (p<0.05). OH group had higher and lower contributions of water and SSBs (sugar-sweetened-beverages) to total drinking fluids (p<0.05); produced 551~950 mL more, excreted significantly less quantity of solutes of urine (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in plasma osmolality among the three groups (p>0.05). Among both males and females, the amounts of TWI and water were higher in OH group than others (p<0.05). Males had 4.3% lower, 5.4% and 1.1% higher contributions of milk and milk products, SSBs and alcohol to total drinking fluids than females (p<0.05); males had higher volume of urine than females only in MH group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences of plasma osmolality between males and females in the same group (p>0.05). Conclusions: Young adults with optimal hydration status had better water intake pattern and less concentrated urine. Females maybe have better water intake pattern than males.Trial registration: Chinese clinical trial registry. Name of the registry: Relationship of drinking water and urination. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-ROC-17010320. Date of registration: 01/04/2017. URL of trial registry record: http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=17601&htm=4.

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Perception v. actual intakes of junk food and sugar-sweetened beverages in Australian young adults: assessed using the mobile food record

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980017000702 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (13) ◽

pp. 2300-2307 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Amelia J Harray ◽

Carol J Boushey ◽

Christina M Pollard ◽

Chloe E Panizza ◽

Edward J Delp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Junk Food ◽

Food Record ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Important Target ◽

Perceptions And Attitudes ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

Diet Drinks

AbstractObjectiveTo determine perception v. actual intakes of energy-dense nutrient-poor ‘junk food’ (JF) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) in young adults, using the mobile food record (mFR).DesignBefore-and-after eating images using a 4 d mFR were assessed for standardised 600 kJ (143 kcal) servings of JF and SSB (excluding diet drinks). Participants reported their concern about the health aspects of their diet, perceptions and intentions regarding JF and SSB.SettingPerth, Western Australia.SubjectsAdults (n 246) aged 18–30 years.ResultsThe mean (sd) intake of JF+SSB was 3·7 (2·0) servings/d. Women thinking about drinking less SSB consumed more SSB servings/d (1·5 (1·2)) than men (0·7 (0·5); P<0·05) who were thinking about drinking less. Men not thinking about cutting down JF consumed more servings/d (4·6 (2·4)) than women (2·5 (0·7); P<0·01) who were not thinking about cutting down. Those who paid a lot of attention to the health aspects of their diet consumed less JF+SSB than those who took only a bit of notice (P<0·001), were not really thinking much about it (P<0·001) or who didn’t think at all about the health aspects of food (P<0·01).ConclusionsPerceptions and attitudes regarding JF and SSB were associated with level of consumption. Those not thinking about cutting down their intake of these foods represent an important target group as they consume more than their peers. Further research is needed to identify how amenable young adults are to changing their intake, particularly given the lack of attention paid to the health aspects of their diet.

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Energy-dense dietary patterns high in free sugars and saturated fat and associations with obesity in young adults

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-021-02758-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katherine Mary Livingstone ◽

Meaghan J. Sexton-Dhamu ◽

Felicity J. Pendergast ◽

Anthony Worsley ◽

Barbara Brayner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Food Diary ◽

Fiber Density ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Free Sugars ◽

Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Purpose To derive dietary patterns based on dietary energy density (DED), free sugars, SFA, and fiber and investigate association with odds of overweight/obesity in young adults. Methods Cross-sectional data from 625 young Australian adults (18–30 years) were used. Dietary patterns were derived using reduced rank regression based on dietary data from a smartphone food diary using DED, free sugars, SFA, and fiber density as response variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate associations between dietary patterns and odds of self-reported overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Results Two dietary patterns were identified (DP1 and DP2). DP-1 was positively correlated with DED, free sugars, and SFA, and inversely correlated with fiber density. It was characterized by higher sugar-sweetened beverages intake and lower vegetable intake, and associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity (OR: 1.22; 95% CI 1.05, 1.42). DP-2 was positively correlated with fiber density and free sugars, and inversely correlated with DED and SFA. It was characterized by higher sugar-sweetened beverages intake and lower non-lean red meat intake, and was not significantly associated with overweight/obesity. Conclusion An energy-dense dietary pattern high in free sugars and SFA and low in fiber was associated with higher odds of obesity in young adults. These findings support dietary interventions that target reductions in energy-dense foods and sugar-sweetened beverages.

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Development and validation of a questionnaire assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices of young adults in Malaysia towards sugar sweetened beverages

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v10i4.1584 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 2992-2999 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng ◽

Norsham Juliana Nordin ◽

Siti Zarifah Abd Latif

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

The objective of this study is to produce a validated and reliable questionnaire that can assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Malaysian young adults towards sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). Content validation was done using I-CVI and face validity index (FVI) was used to performed face validation. Construct validity was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis. Cronbach’s Alpha (α) was established to determine internal reliability, and Pearson Correlation (PCs) was used to measure the inter-rater reliability of the items. Public universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Experts in Nutrition and Health Sciences and undergraduates aged 18 and above. I-CVI lead to the elimination of one item in the attitude domain and all items obtained satisfactory levels of FVI. The measurement of α lead to the elimination of several items and PCs indicated excellent inter-rater reliability (r > 0.7; p < 0.05) for all of the remaining items. The evidence on the validity and reliability of a questionnaire to assess KAP on SSB has been obtained. It can now be used among young adults in Malaysia.

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