Cefotaxime-resistant E. coli in dairy and beef cattle farms—Joint analyses of two cross-sectional investigations in Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Hille ◽  
Inga Ruddat ◽  
Annette Schmid ◽  
Johanna Hering ◽  
Maria Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cattle Farms

scholarly journals Antimicrobial use and resistance in Escherichia coli from healthy food-producing animals in Guadeloupe

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Gruel ◽  
Arantxa Sellin ◽  
Hélène Riveiro ◽  
Matthieu Pot ◽  
Sébastien Breurec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Selection pressure exerted by use of antibiotics in both human and veterinary medicine is responsible for increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The objectives of this study were to better understand antimicrobial use in pigs, beef cattle, and poultry on farms on Guadeloupe, French West Indies, and to acquire data on AMR in Escherichia coli in these food-producing animals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at 45 farms on Guadeloupe, and practical use of antimicrobials was documented in declarative interviews between March and July 2018. A total of 216 fecal samples were collected between January 2018 and May 2019, comprising 124 from pigs, 75 from beef cattle, and 17 from poultry litter. E. coli isolates were obtained for further testing by isolation and identification from field samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and screening for blaCTX-M, blaTEM, tetA, and tetB resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction on extracted genomic DNA were performed. Results The study showed rational use of antimicrobials, consisting of occasional use for curative treatment by veterinary prescription. Tetracycline was the most commonly used antimicrobial, but its use was not correlated to E. coli resistance. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli isolates were detected in 7.3% of pigs, 14.7% of beef cattle, and 35.3% of poultry. blaCTX-M-1 was the predominant gene found in ESBL-E. coli isolates (68.8%), followed by blaCTX-M-15 (31.3%). Conclusion Despite rational use of antimicrobials, the rate of ESBL-E. coli in food-producing animals in Guadeloupe, although moderate, is a concern. Further studies are in progress to better define the genetic background of the ESBL-E. coli isolates. Graphical abstract

Escherichia coli O157 Prevalence in Different Cattle Farm Types and Identification of Potential Risk Factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1848-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. COBBAUT ◽  
D. BERKVENS ◽  
K. HOUF ◽  
R. DE DEKEN ◽  
L. DE ZUTTER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Veal Calf ◽  
Cattle Farms

Although the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 on cattle farms has been examined extensively, the relationship between this pathogen and farm type has been established only rarely. A large-scale study was designed to determine the prevalence of E. coli O157 in the Flemish region of Belgium on farms of dairy cattle, beef cattle, mixed dairy and beef cattle, and veal calves. The effect of various factors on the occurrence at the pen level also was evaluated. In 2007, 180 farms were randomly selected based on region, farm size, and number of animals purchased and were examined using the overshoe sampling method. When possible, overshoes used in areas containing animals in three different age categories (<8 months, 8 to 30 months, and >30 months) were sampled on each farm. In total, 820 different pens were sampled and analyzed for the presence of E. coli O157 by enrichment, immunomagnetic separation, and plating on selective agar. Presumptive E. coli O157 colonies were identified using a multiplex PCR assay for the presence of the rfbO157 and fliCH7 genes. The statistical analysis was carried out with Stata SE/10.0 using a generalized linear regression model with a logit link function and a binomial error distribution. The overall farm prevalence of E. coli O157 was 37.8% (68 of 180 farms). The highest prevalence was found on dairy cattle farms (61.2%, 30 of 49 farms). The prevalences on beef, mixed dairy and beef, and veal calf farms were 22.7% (17 of 75 farms), 44.4% (20 of 45 farms), and 9.1% (1 of 11 farms), respectively. A significant positive correlation between age category and E. coli O157 prevalence was found only on mixed dairy and beef farms and dairy farms. No influence of farm size or introduction of new animals was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial use and resistance in Escherichia coli from healthy food-producing animals in Guadeloupe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Gruel ◽  
Arantxa Sellin ◽  
Hélène Riveiro ◽  
Matthieu Pot ◽  
Sébastien Breurec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background Selection pressure exerted by overuse of antibiotics in both human and veterinary medicine is responsible for increasing resistance to antibiotics. The objectives of this study were (i) to better understand antimicrobial use in pigs, beef cattle, and poultry on farms of Guadeloupe, French West Indies, and (ii) to acquire data on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli in these food-producing animals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 45 farms on Guadeloupe. Practical use of antimicrobials was documented in declarative interviews between March and July 2018. Fecal samples were collected from 216 pigs, beef cattle, and broiler chickens between January 2018 and May 2019. The samples were cultured for bacterial isolation and identification, antimicrobial testing, and screening for blaCTX−M, blaTEM, and tetA resistance genes by PCR on extracted genomic DNA. Results The study shows rational use of antimicrobials consisting of occasional use for curative treatment by veterinary prescription. Tetracycline was the most commonly used antimicrobial, but this was not correlated to E. coli resistance. Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli isolates were detected in 7.3% of pigs, 14.7% of beef cattle and 35.3% of broilers. blaCTX−M−1 was the predominant gene found in ESBL E. coli isolates (68.8%), followed by blaCTX−M−15 (31.3%). Conclusion Despite rational use of antimicrobials, the rate of ESBL E. coli in food-producing animals in Guadeloupe, although moderate, is a concern. Further studies are in progress to better define the genetic background of the ESBL E. coli isolates.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli on Bavarian Dairy and Beef Cattle Farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 3027-3032 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Schmid ◽  
S. Hörmansdorfer ◽  
U. Messelhäusser ◽  
A. Käsbohrer ◽  
C. Sauter-Louis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACTExtended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producingEscherichia colistrains are believed to be widely distributed among humans and animals; however, to date, there are only few studies that support this assumption on a regional or countrywide scale. Therefore, a study was designed to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producingE. coliin dairy cows and beef cattle in the southern part of Bavaria, Germany. The study population included 30 mixed dairy and beef cattle farms and 15 beef cattle farms. Fecal samples, boot swabs, and dust samples were analyzed for ESBL-producingE. coliusing selective media. PCR was performed to screen for CTX-M andampCresistance genes. A total of 598 samples yielded 196 (32.8%) that contained ESBL-producingE. coli, originating from 39 (86.7%) of 45 farms. Samples obtained from mixed farms were significantly more likely to be ESBL-producingE. colipositive than samples from beef cattle farms (fecal samples,P< 0.001; boot swabs,P= 0.014; and dust samples,P= 0.041). A total of 183 isolates (93.4%) of 196 ESBL-producingE. coli-positive strains harbored CTX-M genes, CTX-M group 1 being the most frequently found group. Forty-six additional isolates containedampCgenes, and 5 of the 46 isolates expressed ablaCMY-2gene. The study shows that ESBL-producingE. colistrains are commonly found on Bavarian dairy and beef cattle farms. Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence ofblaCMY-2in cattle in Germany.

scholarly journals E. coli O157 on Scottish cattle farms: Evidence of local spread and persistence using repeat cross-sectional data

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam J Herbert ◽  
Leila Vali ◽  
Deborah V Hoyle ◽  
Giles Innocent ◽  
Iain J McKendrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Local Spread ◽  
Cattle Farms

scholarly journals Pencemaran Bakteri dalam Air Sumur di Sekitar Peternakan Sapi Potong di Yogyakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Widodo Suwito ◽  
. Supriadi ◽  
Erna Winarti ◽  
Nyoman Ayu Anggreni Tisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Cattle Farms

Air sumur merupakan salah satu sumber air untuk keperluan rumah tangga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas mikrobiologi air sumur di sekitar kandang kelompok sapi potong di Yogyakarta. Telah dikumpulkan sebanyak 12 contoh air sumur di sekitar kandang kelompok sapi potong dari Kabupaten Sleman, Kulon Progo, dan Bantul. Contoh air sumur diperiksa terhadap Coliform dan E. coli dengan metode most probable number (MPN), sedangkan Salmonella sp. dengan isolasi dan identifikasi dengan metode Andrews & Hammack. Sebanyak 91,6% dari 12 contoh air sumur, jumlah Coliform dan E. coli melebihi ambang batas baku mutu air rumah tangga. Salmonella sp. berhasil diisolasi dari air sumur di sekitar kandang sapi potong Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa air sumur di sekitar kandang di Yogyakarta hampir seluruhnya tercemar Coliform dan E. Coli.Kata kunci: pencemaran, air sumur, peternakan, sapi potong. (Contamination of Bacteria in Well Water Around Beef Cattle Farm in Yogyakarta)Well water is one of the sources of water to use in housewifery. The aim of this study was to determine microbiological contamination of well water around beef cattle farms in Yogyakarta. A total of 12 well water samples were collected from around beef cattle farms in Sleman, Kulon Progo, and Bantul district. These samples were analyzed for Coliform and E. coli by using most probable number (MPN), where as Salmonella sp. with isolation and identification by Andrews & Hammack methods. A total 91.6% of 12 well water samples have Coliform and E. coli that exceeds the threshold household water quality standards. Salmonella sp. was isolated from well water around beef cattle farm in Kulon Progo district. In conclusion, the well water samples around beef cattle farms in Yogyakarta contaminated Coliform and E. coli.Keywords: contamination, well water, livestock, beef cattle.

The effect of type of water supply on water quality in a developing community in South Africa

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Genthe ◽  
N. Strauss ◽  
J. Seager ◽  
C. Vundule ◽  
F. Maforah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Developing Communities ◽  
Quality Guideline ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Efforts to provide water to developing communities in South Africa have resulted in various types of water supplies being used. This study examined the relationship between the type of water supply and the quality of water used. Source (communal taps, private outdoor and indoor taps) and point-of-use water samples were examined for heterotrophic plate counts (HPC), total and faecal coliforms, E. coli, and coliphages. Ten percent of samples were also analysed for enteric viruses, Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Approximately 320 households were included in a case-control study. In addition, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Both studies examined the relationship between different types of water facilities and diarrhoea among pre-school children. The source water was of good microbial quality, but water quality was found to have deteriorated significantly after handling and storage in both case and control households, exceeding drinking water quality guideline values by 1-6 orders of magnitude. Coliphage counts were low for all water samples tested. Enteric viruses and Cryptosporidium oocysts were not detected. Giardia cysts were detected on one occasion in case and control in-house samples. Comparisons of whether in-house water, after handling and storage, complied with water quality guideline values demonstrated households using communal taps to have significantly poorer quality than households using private outdoor or indoor taps for HPC and E. coli (χ2 = 14.9, P = 0.001; χ2 = 6.6, P = 0.04 respectively). A similar trend (although not statistically significant) was observed for the other microbial indicators. The cross-sectional study demonstrated an apparent decrease in health risk associated with private outdoor taps in comparison to communal taps. This study suggests that a private outdoor tap is the minimum level of water supply in order to ensure the supply of safe water to developing communities.

scholarly journals Prevalence of MDR organism (MDRO) carriage in children and their household members in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta R Singh ◽  
Bunsoth Mao ◽  
Konstantin Evdokimov ◽  
Pisey Tan ◽  
Phana Leab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Siem Reap ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The rising incidence of infections caused by MDR organisms (MDROs) poses a significant public health threat. However, little has been reported regarding community MDRO carriage in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Siem Reap, Cambodia comparing hospital-associated households, in which an index child (age: 2–14 years) had been hospitalized for at least 48 h in the preceding 2–4 weeks, with matched community households on the same street, in which no other child had a recent history of hospitalization. Participants were interviewed using a survey questionnaire and tested for carriage of MRSA, ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) by culture followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing. We used logistic regression analysis to analyse associations between collected variables and MDRO carriage. Results Forty-two pairs of households including 376 participants with 376 nasal swabs and 290 stool specimens were included in final analysis. MRSA was isolated from 26 specimens (6.9%). ESBL-producing Escherichia coli was detected in 269 specimens (92.8%) whereas ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from 128 specimens (44.1%), of which 123 (42.4%) were co-colonized with ESBL-producing E. coli. Six (2.1%) specimens tested positive for CPE (4 E. coli and 2 K. pneumoniae). The prevalence ratios for MRSA, ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae carriage did not differ significantly in hospital-associated households and hospitalized children compared with their counterparts. Conclusions The high prevalence of ESBL-E across both household types suggests that MDRO reservoirs are common in the community. Ongoing genomic analyses will help to understand the epidemiology and course of MDRO spread.

The area of eye muscle of beef cattle carcasses

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
RM Seebeck
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
The Cross

Variations in the cross-sectional area of eye muscle of carcasses cut between the tenth and eleventh ribs were investigated, using 105 Hereford and 51 Angus steers aged 20 months. These cattle consisted of three groups, born in successive years. At constant carcass weight, statistically significant differences in eye muscle area were found between breeds and between years. Breed and year differences were also found in eye muscle area with width and depth of eye muscle constant, so that there are limitations to the estimation of eye muscle area from width and depth measurements. A nomograph is given for estimating eye muscle area from width and depth for Hereford and Angus cattle, when all animals are reared in the same year and environment. The use of eye muscle area as an indicator of weight of carcass muscle is discussed.

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