Palaeoseismic investigations along the Kachchh Mainland Fault: A comprehensive review and new insights of the past earthquakes in the Kachchh basin, western India

C-N bond formation is a particularly important step in the generation of many biologically relevant heterocyclic molecules. Several methods have been reported for this purpose over the past few decades. Well-known named reactions like Ullmann-Goldberg coupling, Buchwald-Hartwig coupling and Chan-Lam coupling are associated with the C-N bond formation reactions. Several reviews covering this topic have already been published. However, no comprehensive review covering the synthesis of drugs/ lead compounds using the C-N bond formation reactions was reported. In this review, we cover many modern methods of the C-N bond formation reactions, with special emphasis on metal-free and green chemistry methods. We also report specific strategies adopted for the synthesis of drugs, which involve the C-N bond formation reactions. Examples include anti-cancer, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-histaminic, antibiotics, antibacterial, anti-rheumatic, antiepileptic and anti-diabetic agents. Many recently developed lead compounds generated using the C-N bond formation reactions are also covered in this review. Examples include MAP kinase inhibitors, TRKs inhibitors, Polo-like Kinase inhibitors and MPS1 inhibitors.

Download Full-text

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review on Two Herbs of Baijiangcao: Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch. ex Trev. and Patrinia villosa (Thunb.) Juss

Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570193x16666190617161124 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 496-517

Author(s):

Yangcheng Liu ◽

Wei Liu ◽

Jiaqi Wang ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Changlan Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Research Papers ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Scientific Databases ◽

The Past ◽

Current State ◽

Patrinia Scabiosaefolia ◽

Antiviral Activities

Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch. Trev. and Patrinia villosa (Thunb.) Juss, are two species of Patrinia recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia with the same Chinese name “Baijiangcao” and similar therapeutic effect in traditional Chinese medicine. The present article is the first comprehensive review on the chemical composition and pharmacological activities of these herbs. In this review, data on chemical constituents and pharmacological profile of the two herbs are provided. This review discusses all the classes of the 223 compounds (phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenes, saponins and volatile components, etc.) detected in the two herbs providing information on the current state of knowledge of the phytochemicals present in them. In the past three years, our research group has isolated and identified about more than 100 ingredients from the two herbs. Therefore, we published a systematic review of our research papers and studies on the two herbs were carried out using resources such as classic books about Chinese herbal medicine and scientific databases including Pubmed, Web of Science, SciFinder, CNKI. etc. The present review discusses the most thoroughly studied pharmacological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antitumor and antiviral activities) of the two herbs. This comprehensive review will be informative for scientists searching for new properties of these herbs and will be important and significant for the discovery of bioactive compounds from the two herbs and in complete utilization of Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch. ex Trev. and Patrinia villosa (Thunb.) Juss.

Download Full-text

Corrigendum to: Lamprothamnium in Australia (Characeae, Charophyceae)

Australian Systematic Botany ◽

10.1071/sb13026_co ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 475

Author(s):

Michelle T. Casanova

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Species Level ◽

Type Material ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

The Past

Charophytes in the genus Lamprothamnium exhibit a large amount of diversity, particularly in the examples from Australia, although little of that variation has been recognised at species level in the past. The Australian members of the genus are revised here on the basis of extensive new collections, examination of specimens in herbaria and comprehensive review of the literature and available type material. The existing species Lamprothamnium macropogon (A.Braun) Ophel, L. inflatum (Fil. & G.O.Allen ex Fil.) A.García & Karol and L. heraldii A.García & Casanova are retained, eight new species are described (L. australicum Casanova, L. beilbyae Casanova, L. capitatum Casanova, L. compactum Casanova, L. coorongense Casanova, L. diminutum Casanova, L. macroanthum Casanova and L. stipitatum Casanova) and two taxa variously treated at infraspecific rank in Lychnothamnus are transferred to Lamprothamnium at species rank (L. cockajemmyense Casanova, L. tasmanicum (A.Braun) Casanova). Neither L. papulosum (Wallr.) J.Groves nor L. succinctum (A.Braun) R.D.Wood are confirmed for Australia after examination of the type material of these species. Species are distinguished by the arrangement of the gametangia, morphology of the fertile whorls and characteristics of the oospores. Four of these species are dioecious and nine are monoecious, which supports published conjectures concerning the biogeography of charophyte species (Proctor (1980): J. Phycol. 16, 218–233, doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.1980.tb03023.x).

Download Full-text

Palaeoecological analysis of maximum flooding zones from the Tithonian (Upper Jurassic) of the Kachchh Basin, western India

Facies ◽

10.1007/s10347-020-00617-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Franz T. Fürsich ◽

Matthias Alberti ◽

Dhirendra K. Pandey

Keyword(s):

Upper Jurassic ◽

Carbonate Content ◽

Western India ◽

Rift Basin ◽

Benthic Assemblages ◽

Depositional Sequence ◽

Sequence Stratigraphic ◽

Stratigraphic Architecture ◽

Kachchh Basin ◽

Rich Fauna

AbstractThe siliciclastic Jhuran Formation of the Kachchh Basin, a rift basin bordering the Malagasy Seaway, documents the filling of the basin during the late syn-rift stage. The marine, more than 700-m-thick Tithonian part of the succession in the western part of the basin is composed of highly asymmetric transgressive–regressive cycles and is nearly unfossiliferous except for two intervals, the Lower Tithonian Hildoglochiceras Bed (HB) and the upper Lower Tithonian to lowermost Cretaceous Green Ammonite Beds (GAB). Both horizons represent maximum flooding zones (MFZ) and contain a rich fauna composed of ammonites and benthic macroinvertebrates. Within the HB the benthic assemblages change, concomitant with an increase in the carbonate content, from the predominantly infaunal “Lucina” rotundata to the epifaunal Actinostreon marshii and finally to the partly epifaunal, partly infaunal Eoseebachia sowerbyana assemblage. The Green Ammonite Beds are composed of three highly ferruginous beds, which are the MFZ of transgressive–regressive cycles forming the MFZ of a 3rd-order depositional sequence. The GAB are highly ferruginous, containing berthieroid ooids and grains. GAB I is characterized by the reworked Gryphaea moondanensis assemblage, GAB II by an autochthonous high-diversity assemblage dominated by the brachiopods Acanthorhynchia multistriata and Somalithyris lakhaparensis, whereas GAB III is devoid of fossils except for scarce ammonites. The GAB are interpreted to occupy different positions along an onshore–offshore transect with increasing condensation offshore. Integrated analyses of sedimentological, taphonomic, and palaeoecological data allow to reconstruct, in detail, the sequence stratigraphic architecture of sedimentary successions and to evaluate their degree of faunal condensation.

Download Full-text

Men who have sex with men in China have relatively low numbers of sexual partners

Infectious Disease Reports ◽

10.4081/idr.2011.e10 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lei Zhang ◽

Eric Pui Fung Chow ◽

David P. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Median Number ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

The Past ◽

Male Sexual Partners ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Over Time

HIV prevalence is increasing rapidly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China and potentially associated with the number of male sexual partners that each man has on average. This study estimates the distribution of the number of male sexual partners among Chinese MSM through a comprehensive review of English and Chinese published literature. The overall median number of male sexual partners of Chinese MSM in the past 6 months China was estimated to be 1.5 (95% CI, 1.1-1.9) and 3.8 (95% CI 1.5-6.9) sexual partners in the past 6-month and 12-month periods respectively. An estimated 31% of sexual partners of MSM in China are regular partners, 54% are casual partners, and 16% are commercial partners. The reported numbers of sexual partners has not changed over time during the past decade. The numbers of male sexual partners reported by Chinese MSM is consistently lower than other settings and may not be sufficient to explain the recent rapid increase in HIV prevalence.

Download Full-text

Digestive involvement in COVID-19: what we have learned in the past 12 months

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/mpr-2061 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vladimir Posmag ◽

Liliana David ◽

Dan L. Dumitrascu

Keyword(s):

Observational Studies ◽

Digestive System ◽

Literature Search ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Treatment Schedule ◽

Gastrointestinal Involvement ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

The Past ◽

The Relationship

Background and aim. The year 2020 will remain in the medical history as the year of COVID-19 pandemic. Although COVID-19 is considered mainly a respiratory disease, it is well known now that SARS-CoV-2 can affect major organs including the digestive system. This is a comprehensive review on gastrointestinal involvement in the SARS-CoV-2 infection, also the digestive damage due to COVID-19. Methods. A literature search was undertaken in main databases of medical publications following the search items digestive or gastrointestinal or gastric or enteral and SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19. Data on gastrointestinal symptoms and alterations in this viral condition were collected and presented. Only observational studies were included. Results. In this review we discuss the recent information on the relationship between COVID-19 and the digestive system. The putative underlying pathogenic mechanisms of COVID-19 as well as the clinical findings in relation to gastrointestinal changes are presented. Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 virus can affect any part of the digestive system. Patients with chronic diseases are at greatest risk of adverse out-comes. There is a considerable risk for drug-drug interactions in patients who require a large treatment schedule.

Download Full-text

Magnetostratigraphy of the Middle Jurassic Sediments from Kachchh Basin, Western India

International Journal of Geosciences ◽

10.4236/ijg.2016.73023 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 07 (03) ◽

pp. 301-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Venkateshwarlu Mamilla ◽

Bindhyachal Pandey ◽

Deo Brat Pathak ◽

Papanna Guguloth ◽

Jai Krishna

Keyword(s):

Middle Jurassic ◽

Western India ◽

Kachchh Basin

Download Full-text

Maxillary Sinus Pneumocele Presenting as Aesthetic Deformity: A Case Report With Literature Review

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/0145561319850811 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (6) ◽

pp. 397-401

Author(s):

Hyun Sang Cho ◽

Seok Jung Hong ◽

Hyun Kyu Chae ◽

Kyung Soo Kim

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Surgical Approach ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Interesting Case ◽

Operation Technique ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

The Past ◽

Standard Operation ◽

Eye Symptoms

We report an interesting case of maxillary sinus pneumocele that presented with aesthetic deformity and completely treated with Caldwell-Luc approach and thoroughly review all of the past literature focusing on clinical symptoms and surgical approach. Based on our comprehensive review of maxillary sinus pneumocele, we found 2 important characteristics. First, maxillary sinus pneumocele may be asymptomatic but cause various symptoms owing to the displacement of neighboring structures, such as facial symptoms, eye symptoms, and nasal obstruction. Second, there is no standard operation technique for maxillary sinus pneumocele, but surgical approach should be individualized depending on patient’s symptoms and needs. Therefore, more case studies are needed to confirm this.

Download Full-text

Implicit? What Do You Mean? A Comprehensive Review of the Delusive Implicitness Construct in Attitude Research

Personality and Social Psychology Review ◽

10.1177/1088868320911325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 212-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Olivier Corneille ◽

Mandy Hütter

Keyword(s):

Future Research ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

The Past ◽

Attitude Research ◽

Two Hybrid

This article provides a comprehensive review of divergent conceptualizations of the “implicit” construct that have emerged in attitude research over the past two decades. In doing so, our goal is to raise awareness of the harmful consequences of conceptual ambiguities associated with this terminology. We identify three main conceptualizations of the “implicitness” construct: the procedural conceptualization (implicit-as-indirect), the functional conceptualization (implicit-as-automatic), and the mental theory conceptualization (implicit-as-associative), as well as two hybrid conceptualizations (implicit-as-indirect-and-automatic, implicit-as-driven-by-affective-gut-reactions). We discuss critical limitations associated with each conceptualization and explain that confusion also arises from their coexistence. We recommend discontinuing the usage of the “implicit” terminology in attitude research and research inspired by it. We offer terminological alternatives aimed at increasing both the precision of theorization and the practical value of future research.

Download Full-text

Two Decades of Behavioral Research on Analytical Procedures: What Have We Learned?

Auditing A Journal of Practice & Theory ◽

10.2308/ajpt-50327 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 139-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

William F. Messier ◽

Chad A. Simon ◽

Jason L. Smith

Keyword(s):

Analytical Procedure ◽

Behavioral Research ◽

Data Availability ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

External Auditors ◽

The Past ◽

Considerable Research ◽

Research Questions ◽

Analytical Procedures ◽

Corroborative Evidence

SUMMARY This paper presents a comprehensive review of behavioral research on external auditors' use of analytical procedures published over the past two decades. We frame our review around four phases of the analytical procedures process: develop an expectation, establish a tolerable difference, compare the expectation to the recorded amount and investigate significant differences, and evaluate explanations and corroborative evidence. We find that while considerable research has focused on auditors' performance of the latter phases of the analytical procedures process (i.e., investigate significant differences and evaluate explanations and evidence), relatively less research has focused on the initial phases of the process (i.e., setting expectations and establishing thresholds). We also find that prior research has primarily focused on the preliminary and substantive analytical procedure settings with little research examining auditors' judgments and decisions when using analytical procedures at the overall review stage of the audit engagement. Finally, we summarize the significant findings from research in each phase and provide a number of research questions whose answers could improve our understanding and the performance of analytical procedures. Data Availability: All articles are publicly available.

Download Full-text