Market Vendor’s Poor Adherence to Sops for COVID-19: A Potential Source for Transmission of the Virus to the Local Communities. A Case Study of Sironko District

Introduction: COVID-19 is one of the huge health burdens on the earth in the recent times. Massive campaigns on the adherence to standard operation procedures (SOPs) have been emphasized by the Government of Uganda and even the county has been put in two lockdowns to curtail the spread of this disease. Despite all these efforts, market vendors in Sironko district have seemingly not complied with these SOPs and this makes them potential hotspot for disease transmission, but no qualitative study has so far been documented. Therefore, the current study investigated the adherence of SOPs for COVID-19 amongst market vendors in this area. Methodology: A qualitative survey research design was adopted and a total of 53 participants, selected by both purposeful and simple random were involved. Interview, focus group discussion and observations techniques were used in data collection. The date was analyzed by the statistical software called MedCalc, version 20.0008 Results: The result showed that 65 % were females, most were aged between 29 females aged between 31-40 year took part in the study contributing 55% to the total subjects and married and of which 37 (70 %) were married. The market experienced challenges of inadequate & inappropriate facilities for SOPs but water was abundant (45, 85 %). All the SOPs for COVID-19 were flouted in these markets. Conclusions: Market vendor rarely adhered to SOPs for COVID-19 and this makes them a potential source for transmission of COVID-19 to the local communities in the entire sub-regions. Therefore, there is need for department of production in Sironko district to re-enforce observance to SOPs guidelines for COVID-19 in this area.

EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM UPAYA KESEHATAN JIWA DI PUSKESMAS BANDARHARJO KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 2018

Angka kekambuhan gangguan jiwa di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2018 mencapai 2,2% per 1.000 penduduk. Puskesmas Bandarharjo sendiri merupakan Puskesmas dengan kasus kesehatan jiwa tertinggi di Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan Program Kesehatan Jiwa di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bandarharjo. Desain penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik. Data dikumpulkan dari wawancara mendalam dan observasi berdasarkan kriteria purposive sampling. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari dua orang dokter eksekutif, seorang koordinator Program Kesehatan Jiwa, dan seorang perawat. Keempat subjek ini dikategorikan sebagai informan utama. Perwakilan dari keluarga pasien gangguan jiwa dan kader kesehatan juga diikutsertakan sebagai informan triangulasi. Hasilnya, pelaksanaan program kesehatan jiwa di Puskesmas Bandarharjo belum optimal. Hal ini dikarenakan jumlah pasien gangguan jiwa berat yang mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa sesuai standar hanya 94,7%. Oleh karena itu, masih ada sekitar 5,3% pasien yang belum mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa. Masih kurangnya Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) untuk setiap tahapan pelaksanaan program, terutama tahap pengelolaan awal (pemberian obat) dan sosialisasi tentang Program Kesehatan Jiwa. Sebaiknya sosialisasi dan promosi Program Kesehatan Jiwa di Puskesmas Bandarharjo ditingkatkan. Perlu adanya perbaikan sistem pendistribusian obat dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota ke Puskesmas agar tidak terjadi keterlambatan serta review terhadap aturan BPJS terbaru terkait sistem rujukan berjenjang yang masih menjadi permasalahan di lapangan

Release of Nanoparticles in the Environment and Catalytic Converters Ageing

A Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) contains a cordierite ceramic monolith coated with a layer of Al2O3, CexZr1−xO2 and platinoids mixture. Under standard operation, the platinoid concentration decreases, exposing the remaining washcoat structure. After that particle release stage, the sintering process follows where the crystalline CexZr1−xO2 solution is broken and begins to separate into ZrO2 and CeO2 phases. ZrO2 is released to the environment as micro and nanoparticles, while a small amount of CeO2 generates a new AlxCe1−xO2 composite. The main effect of Ce capture is the growth in the size of the polycrystal structure from 86.13 ± 16.58 nm to 225.35 ± 69.51 nm. Moreover, a transformation of cordierite to mullite was identified by XRD analysis. Raman spectra showed that the oxygen vacancies (Vö) concentration decreased as CexZr1−xO2 phases separation occurred. The SEM-EDS revealed the incorporation of new spurious elements and microfractures favouring the detachment of the TWC support structure. The release of ultrafine particles is a consequence of catalytic devices overusing. The emission of refractory micro to nanocrystals to the atmosphere may represent an emerging public health issue underlining the importance of implementing strict worldwide regulations on regular TWCs replacement.

The Research on Decommissioning and Abandonment Engineering Practice of Onshore Oilfield: A Case Study of Block 1/2/4 in South Sudan

At the end of the lifespan of this onshore oilfield development, all wells and oil production system, transmission pipelines and all surface infrastructures shall be decommissioned in accordance with international guidelines for abandonment of oil and gas facilities. The development and production period relevant to Block 1/2/4 shall be ceased in 2033 as the PSC law approved by South Sudan Government. Considering that South Sudan is located along the Nile River in Africa, necessary measures shall be taken with respect to activities in the field to ensure effective protection for the environment. In addition, difficulties which have negative impact on decommission assessment shall be taken into account, such as inadequate wells data, the destruction of the facility by war, high security risks of Block 1/2/4, costly decommissioning and abandonment fees and so on. This paper combines the practice of Block 1/2/4 in South Sudan to introduce the decommissioning plan, abandonment working process, standard operation procedure for wells and surface facility disposal, and the calculation of the decommissioning fund. The decommissioning may include complete removal or abandonment in-situ which based on an evaluation of cost, safety and environmental impact. While a detailed decommissioning and abandonment proposal has been compiled and updated during the production phase of the project. When the final decommissioning and abandonment plans have been developed for upstream and midstream, the costs have been updated accordingly. These estimates had utilized by the operators to fund the decommissioning and abandonment obligations in accordance with the provisions of the oil company. The D&A task was successful and finally approved by the authority of government. Due to the successful completion of the decommissioning task of Block1/2/4, a completed decommissioning and abandonment management system has been established, including D&A cost calculation and standard operation procedure for wells and facility disposal, which can lower the environmental risk and reduce the capital expenditure at the end of the project. It can be regarded as a classic practice in petroleum industry and has a strong reference value.

Double Posteromedial Portals for Excision of a Symptomatic Os Trigonum With Ankle Arthroscopy in Supine Position

Background: The existence of abnormal os trigonum often causes posterior ankle impingement syndrome, the commonly used method for excision of symptomatic os trigonum is standard arthroscopic approach when posterior and anterior abnormalities appear in one patient. However, the arthroscopy of posterior and anterior compartement of the ankle joint must be undertaken in one surgical position. In most cases, when adopting the standard arthroscopic approach, the patient has to be firstly positioned supine to perform the anterior procedure, and then re-positioned prone to operate on the posterior compartment. Material and Methods: To simplify this process and shorten operation time, we describe a double posteromedial ankle portals procedure, which provides access to reach both the posterior and anterior compartment without changing position, to exam both symptomatic compartement. Standard operation are conducted by changing position to reach both compartement. Standard operation and double posteromedial ankle portals procedure were conducted to 46 patients (standard approach 23, 2 posteromedial portals 23). Operation time, AOFAS score, KAF score and VAS score were analyzed.Results: It shows operation time reduced from 69.78±5.24 min to 36.61±3.63 min (P<0.05) and postoperative recovery index of novel method including AOFAS score, KAF score and VAS score were better than that in standard way one month after operation, but there was no significance difference after one month. Conclusion: The figures strongly suggest that the double posteromedial portals approach is better than the standard procedures in operation time, short-term postoperative recovery.

The Okabayashi Radical Hysterectomy: Basic Principle and Step-by-Step Procedure

Abdominal radical hysterectomy is the standard operation for stage IB–IIB cervical cancer in the world, which was established by Professor Hidekazu Okabayashi in 1921. In this article, the basic principle and step-by-step procedure of Okabayashi radical hysterectomy are presented, especially for young doctors to understand clearly the important points of this surgery and to realize its radicality and safety for better survival and quality of life of patients with cervical cancer.

EP.WE.406Adherence to operative standards for ulnar polydactyly excision in times of COVID-19 pandemic

Aims Simple ulnar polydactyly excision is a very common surgical procedure ideally performed within the first 6 months of infants life and under local anaesthetic. In conditions preceding COVID-19 pandemic this procedure was performed in controlled environment of operating theatres on a weekly basis. Increase in pressure on the NHS and operating theatre reorganisation meant elective procedures had to be cancelled with no alternatives in sight. We have suggested therefore, it be performed in a clinic environment instead under strict supervision and guidelines. No recommendations however, have been implemented when considering completion of WHO checklist and standard operation documentation. We investigated therefore adherence to typical Evelina Hospital theatre guidelines when considering documentation. Methods Completed documentation for each patient undergoing ulnar polydactyly excision in clinic room was reviewed between May 2020 and December 2020. Categories of WHO checklist completion, operation note present and legible, appropriate local anaesthetic information and instrument count correct were reviewed. Results 92% of procedures did not have WHO checklist completed. Furthermore, as many as two thirds of the documents were completed illegibly and did not contain required information. Conclusions Following the transfer of ulnar polydactyly excision procedure to clinic rooms we found the quality of documentation to be substandard. This provides opportunity for error and cause for concern. We introduced therefore standardised operative documentation pack to be completed at each polydactyly excision procedure in clinic room. Re-audited results showed improved compliance with standard operative rules and regulations and therefore improved quality of care.

Isu dan Cabaran dalam Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Peringkat Rendah dan Menengah: Pendekatan Malaysia Semasa Pandemik Covid-19

Asas pendidikan khususnya di peringkat rendah dan menengah adalah sangat penting dalam mencorak dan membentuk generasi baharu yang seimbang dari aspek intelektual, emosi, jasmani, rohani dan sahsiah, di samping mempunyai daya pemikiran yang kreatif, kritis dan berdaya saing dalam mempersiapkan diri untuk mendepani transformasi pendidikan di peringkat pengajian tinggi dan melahirkan modal insan yang berpengetahuan dan berkemahiran tinggi serta produktif dalam menghadapi pelbagai cabaran yang mendatang di abad ke-21 selaras dengan hasrat Dasar Pendidikan Negara Walau bagaimanapun, sistem pendidikan yang dilaksanakan di negara ini mengalami perubahan drastik dan terjejas teruk apabila semua sekolah perlu ditutup sepenuhnya berikutan negara berhadapan dengan krisis penularan pandemik Covid-19 yang kini menjadi fenomena yang amat membimbangkan rakyat di seluruh dunia. Situasi ini benar-benar memberi kesan yang mendalam kepada semua pihak berkepentingan terutamanya guru-guru dan murid-murid apabila kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang dahulunya dijalankan secara bersemuka perlu diubah kepada kaedah pembelajaran dari rumah (home-based learning), di samping keperluan mematuhi Standard Operation Standard (SOP) dan mempraktikkan norma-norma baharu dalam menjalani kehidupan seharian. Kajian ini akan membuat penelitian berhubung strategi yang telah diguna pakai oleh Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM) sebagai peneraju sistem pendidikan negara dalam melaksanakan pelbagai inisiatif melalui pendekatan dan kaedah yang terbaik dalam mengatasi isu-isu dan cabaran yang timbul dalam sektor pendidikan, antaranya melaksanakan pendekatan pembelajaran dari rumah, pembatalan dan pindaan tarikh peperiksaan awam, merancang strategi pembukaan semula sekolah selepas tempoh PKP dan pindaan takwim persekolahan tahun 2020 demi memastikan proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran dapat diteruskan dan dalam masa yang sama membantu negara memerangi pandemik Covid-19 dalam tempoh Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan yang sedang dilaksanakan sehingga hari ini.

Application of Industrial Engineering Technique for Better Productivity in Garment Industry

In recent years, with the strong development of the industry, it has created a competitive market. To be able to stand and survive requires businesses to create their own charisma based on the products they create must have the quality, cost and speed quickly. To do that requires businesses to have proper production strategies. Especially for the garment industry, which has a lot of waste in the production process that needs to be eliminated. This study focuses on the construction of standard time sets and standard activities to help eliminate wasted time on hand movements and time spent by workers. The result ca be used to develop the standard operation procedures of the production process.

Information Technology Audit at XYZ Agency, a Government Institution, Using COBIT 5 Framework in Domain Delivery, Service and Support

Technology has become an important component used by humans to facilitate them in finishing work in this digital era. XYZ institution utilizes technology, especially in the field of e-government to help each employee in doing their duties and responsibilities. In carrying out the responsibility as a government agency especially that is involving or related to the field of information technology may sometimes encounter problem. To find out the extent of information technology management in the XYZ institution, an audit is required. An audit, in the form of COBIT 5 framework within the DSS Domain, was carried out to oversee the work as well as infrastructure management within the information technology area in the XYZ institution. The result of the audit conclude that the within the DSS domain the organization reached level 2 which means task are being done but not yet managed by the organization. There are rooms for improvement by establishing the process through standard operation procedures (SOP).