Setting materiality thresholds for ESG disclosures: A case study of U. S. mine safety disclosures

2020 ◽  
pp. 101914
Author(s):  
Brett C. Olsen ◽  
Kwame Awuah-Offei ◽  
Daniel Bumblauskas
Keyword(s):  
Mine Safety ◽  
Materiality Thresholds

Prediction and Analysis of Safety Production Accident in Mining Based on the GM(1,1)

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 3443-3446
Author(s):  
Chen Fang Jiang ◽  
Ke Peng Hou ◽  
Hua Fen Sun
Keyword(s):  
Production Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Grey Theory ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Safety Production ◽  
Mine Accidents

According to the grey theory, in order to predict and prevent accident effectively, the paper built a grey model and forecast the mine accidents in china in 2013 based on the statistics of mine accidents happened in China during period from 2007 to 2012. MATLAB was used to write procedure code of GM (1, 1) and empirical verification follows. The prediction results show that if high accuracy goes with the precision of the calculable model, which could be used to provide the basis for decision making to the safety production management practices in China. This case study indicates that GM (1, 1) plays an important role in mine safety management.

scholarly journals A Sequential Approach for Integrated Coal and Gas Mining of Closely-Spaced Outburst Coal Seams: Results from a Case Study Including Mine Safety Improvements and Greenhouse Gas Reductions

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Zhaolong Ge ◽  
Jiufu Chen ◽  
Hao Ding ◽  
Lishuang Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Coal Bed ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Coal Mine Safety ◽  
Working Face ◽  
Protective Seam

Closely-spaced outburst coal seams (COCS) is the main condition of coal seams in southwest China, and gas disasters are one of the major problems affecting coal mine safety. Mining a protective seam and pre gas extraction are the most safety way to improve the efficiency of mining under these conditions. However, low pre-mining gas extraction efficiency coupled with the close proximity of adjacent working faces is a problem. When mining at an old working face has been completed but the new working face is not yet ready to be mined, coal-bed gasses can flow into the new working face from adjacent seams and this commonly causes methane monitoring instruments to sound an alarm. These gas extraction difficulties lead to a conflict between mine safety and profit. To solve these problems, a sequential approach for integrated coal and gas mining of closely-spaced outburst coal seams is introduced in this paper. Two fundamental principles are proposed: (1) Fully coordinating the spatiotemporal relationships between gas extraction, roadway development, and coal mining to maximize both mine safety and coal and gas production; (2) Defining a mining sequence for outburst coal seams and choosing the coal seam with the weakest outburst risk as the protective seam. A system for comprehensive gas extraction in underground coal mines is divided into four stages for gas extraction: gas extraction before coal roadway tunneling, gas extraction before coal mining, gas extraction during coal mining, and gas extraction from the goaf after coal mining. The Songzao mining area, China, is used as a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of this model, and it brings three major benefits: it improves underground coal mine safety with physical gas accidents decreased by 66.8%, it makes underground coal-bed methane (CBM) extraction more efficient with the average gas extraction rate were respectively 45.13 m3/t and 62.4%, the highest in China, and it reduces greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to 3.5 million tonnes of carbon dioxide. This study could be used as a valuable example for other coal deposits being mined under similar geological conditions.

A Case Study in Applied Social Marketing: Developing an Occupational Safety and Health Product

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas F. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Social Marketing ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Business Customers

This case study provides an example of how social marketing was applied to meet the needs of business customers. Federal regulations require that all companies develop a written program to track hazardous chemicals at their sites. The HazComWriter, created by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), is a software tool designed to help companies prepare their required Hazard Communications (HazCom) written plan and list all hazardous chemicals at the company's worksite. The social marketing goal was to provide a product for small- to medium-sized companies to use for federal HazCom rule compliance. The HazComWriter is a direct NIOSH response to customer and stakeholder needs (including the Mine Safety and Health Administration, the mining community, and Occupational Safety and Health Administration-regulated companies).

Evaluation of the derivative environment in coal mine safety production systems: Case study in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 377-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Han ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
Ruyin Long ◽  
Hui Qi ◽  
Xiaotong Cui
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Coal Mine Safety ◽  
Safety Production

scholarly journals Study on the Relationship between Worker States and Unsafe Behaviours in Coal Mine Accidents Based on a Bayesian Networks Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaobo Chen ◽  
Gangzhu Qiao ◽  
Jianchao Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Fitness For Duty ◽  
Mine Accidents ◽  
The Relationship

Unsafe behaviours, such as violations of rules and procedures, are commonly identified as important causal factors in coal mine accidents. Meanwhile, a recurring conclusion of accident investigations is that worker states, such as mental fatigue, illness, physiological fatigue, etc., are important contributory factors to unsafe behaviour. In this article, we seek to provide a quantitative analysis on the relationship between the worker state and unsafe behaviours in coal mine accidents, based on a case study drawn from Chinese practice. Using Bayesian networks (BN), a graphical structure of the network was designed with the help of three experts from a coal mine safety bureau. In particular, we propose a verbal versus numerical fuzzy probability assessment method to elicit the conditional probability of the Bayesian network. The junction tree algorithm is further employed to accomplish this analysis. According to the BN established by expert knowledge, the results show that when the worker is in a poor state, the most vulnerable unsafe behaviour is violation, followed by decision-making error. Furthermore, insufficient experience may be the most significant contributory factor to unsafe behaviour, and poor fitness for duty may be the principal state that causes unsafe behaviours.

scholarly journals Formation Mechanism and the Height of the Water-Conducting Fractured Zone Induced by Middle Deep Coal Seam Mining in a Sandy Region: A Case Study from the Xiaobaodang Coal Mine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiaoshen Xie ◽  
Enke Hou ◽  
Shuangming Wang ◽  
Xueyang Sun ◽  
Pengfei Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Fractured Zone ◽  
Seam Mining

The height of the water-conducting fractured zone (WCFZ) is a basic parameter related to water protection in coal mines and is also crucial for aquifer protection and mine safety. In order to accurately detect the height and shape and reveal the formation mechanism of the WCFZ, which is caused by middle-deep coal seam mining in a sandy region, the 112201 coalface at the 1# coal mine of Xiaobaodang was taken as a case study. Filed measurements including fluid leakage, borehole TV, and similar simulation were adopted to analyze the regularity of the WCFZ in this area. The detection results of field measurements showed that the maximum height of the WCFZ was 177.07 m in a borehole near the open-off cut, and the ratio of the height of the water-conducting fractured zone divided by the mining thickness was 30.53. The WCFZ acquired an inward-convergent saddle shape, which was inclined to the goaf. The saddle bridge was located at the boundary of the goaf, and the saddle ridge was located at the center of the goaf. Also, through analyzing the results of similar simulations, we found that, in the process of mining, separation cracks and the beam structure were the main forms of overburden disturbance transmitting upward and ahead of mining, respectively. The main cause of the increase in height of the WCFZ was the connection of the separation cracks and vertical cracks caused by fractures of beam structures. The development of the WCFZ was divided into five stages: incubation stage, development stage, rapidly increasing stage, slowly increasing stage, and stable stage. Moreover, the duration of each stage was related to the lithology and mining technology. This research can provide significant theoretical insights for the prediction of the WCFZ, enabling the prevention of water hazards on mine roofs and assisting with water resources protection.

scholarly journals Water inrush characteristics and hazard effects during the transition from open-pit to underground mining: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 181402
Author(s):  
Huijie Zhang ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Nengxiong Xu ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Hanxun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Water Inrush ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Comprehensive Method ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Mine Roadway

During the transition from open-pit to underground mining in iron ore mines, water inrush is a prominent problem for mine safety and production. In this paper, a comprehensive method that incorporates hydrochemical analysis and numerical simulation is proposed to analyse the characteristics of water inrush during the transition from open-pit to underground mining. The proposed method revealed the migration law of groundwater and analysed the source of mine water inrush in the Yanqianshan iron mine located in Liaoning province, China. The results show that the excavated mine roadway is the primary factor affecting groundwater migration and that the source of the mine water inrush is the groundwater in the aquifer around the mine roadway. Moreover, based on the results of the study, appropriate methods for prevention and treatment of mine water inrush were proposed. This approach provides a novel idea for the assessment of water inrush hazards and will serve as a valuable reference for analogous engineering cases.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

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