scholarly journals Proximate components, minerals, amino acids and some anti-nutrients in processed false yam seed meals: Potential benefits for poultry nutrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e00180
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alhassan ◽  
Herbert Kwabla Dei ◽  
Addah Wesseh ◽  
Regina Roessler ◽  
Eva Schlecht
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Poultry Nutrition

scholarly journals Potential Benefits of Ameliorating Metabolic and Nutritional Abnormalities in People With Profound Developmental Disabilities

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117863881771645
Author(s):  
Norris R Glick ◽  
Milton H Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Mead Acid ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Adrenic Acid ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Cell Implantation

Background: People with profound developmental disabilities have some of the most severe neurological impairments seen in society, have accelerated mortality due to huge medical challenges, and yet are often excluded from scientific studies. They actually have at least 2 layers of conditions: (1) the original disability and (2) multiple under-recognized and underexplored metabolic and nutritional imbalances involving minerals (calcium, zinc, and selenium), amino acids (taurine, tryptophan), fatty acids (linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, adrenic acid, Mead acid, plasmalogens), carnitine, hormones (insulinlike growth factor 1), measures of oxidative stress, and likely other substances and systems. Summary: This review provides the first list of metabolic and nutritional abnormalities commonly found in people with profound developmental disabilities and, based on the quality of life effects of similar abnormalities in neurotypical people, indicates the potential effects of these abnormalities in this population which often cannot communicate symptoms. Key messages: We propose that improved understanding and management of these disturbed mechanisms would enhance the quality of life of people with profound developmental disabilities. Such insights may also apply to people with other conditions associated with disability, including some diseases requiring stem cell implantation and living in microgravity.

Diet Selection of Weaned Piglets - Is a Training Period Necessary?

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 35-35
Author(s):  
J.A. Dalby ◽  
J.M. Forbes ◽  
M.A. Varley ◽  
S. Jagger
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Weaned Piglet ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Selection Of

The requirements of a weaned piglet are expected to change systematically over the period 6kg-25kg. Commonly during this time animals will be offered two diets. However, initially on each diet the animal may be restricted because it's protein requirements are in excess of that supplied by the diet. Then latterly, amino acids may be oversupplied requiring deamination of the excess by the pig. This is a costly process, in terms of the energy required by the pig and commercially, in terms of food protein costs. This system also does not take into account differing individual requirements within a group of pigs due to genotype, sex, maturity and stage of growth. As a result potential benefits are to be obtained if weaned piglets can be shown to choose an adequate diet, meeting their individual requirements, when given a choice of feeds.

scholarly journals Characterization of Fatty Acids, Polysaccharides, Amino Acids, and Minerals in Marine Macroalga Chaetomorpha crassa and Evaluation of Their Potentials in Skin Cosmetics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7515
Author(s):  
Haresh S. Kalasariya ◽  
Nikunj B. Patel ◽  
Akanksha Yadav ◽  
Kahkashan Perveen ◽  
Virendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Marine Macroalgae ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Beauty Care ◽  
Marine Macroalga

Cosmetic industries are highly committed to finding natural sources of functional active constituents preferable to safer materials to meet consumers’ demands. Marine macroalgae have diversified bioactive constituents and possess potential benefits in beauty care products. Hence, the present study was carried out to characterize the biochemical profile of marine macroalga Chaetomorpha crassa by using different techniques for revealing its cosmetic potentials. In results, the FTIR study characterized the presence of different bioactive functional groups that are responsible for many skin-beneficial compounds whereas six and fifteen different important phycocompounds were found in GCMS analysis of ethanolic and methanolic extracts, respectively. In the saccharide profile of C. crassa, a total of eight different carbohydrate derivatives were determined by the HRLCMS Q-TOF technique, which showed wide varieties of cosmetic interest. In ICP AES analysis, Si was found to be highest whereas Cu was found to be lowest among other elements. A total of twenty-one amino acids were measured by the HRLCMS-QTOF technique, which revealed the highest amount of the amino acid, Aspartic acid (1207.45 nmol/mL) and tyrosine (106.77 nmol/mL) was found to be the lowest in amount among other amino acids. Their cosmetic potentials have been studied based on previous research studies. The incorporation of seaweed-based bioactive components in cosmetics has been extensively growing due to its skin health-promoting effects.

Effects of dietary fat, age and sex of broilers on their requirements for essential and non-essential amino acids

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (94) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
N Guirguis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Depression ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference

An experiment was conducted to study the variation between sexes of broilers in the requirements for essential (EAA) and non-essential (non-EAA) amino acids and the effect of tallow on these requirements. The practical diets contained a balanced proportion of ten EAA which were expressed collectively as per cent of diet. The difference between dietary percentages of protein and EAA was expressed as per cent non-EAA. In the first three weeks, both sexes performed optimally with 7.6 per cent EAA, 11.5 per cent non-EAA and 11.3 MJ kg-1 energy. However, female chicks responded more to the increase in non-EAA than to EAA (significant interaction P < 0.05). Between three and five weeks of age, maximum growth and best utilization of feed were obtained with diets containing 6.8 and 6.1 per cent EAA, 10.5 per cent non-EAA and 13.4 and 11.3 MJ kg-1 energy for males and females respectively. Beyond five weeks of age, both sexes required 5.8 per cent EAA, but males appeared to require higher levels of non-EAA than females. Both sexes utilized the feed more efficiently when fed higher energy diets (13.4 MJ kg-1). Addition of tallow to diets adequate in amino acids without excess, depressed growth rate of both sexes with the males being more affected than females. The growth depression was absent on diets having higher levels of amino acids. It is postulated that tallow may contain a factor that reduces the availability of amino acids. The study has shown the potential benefits to the broiler industry that could result if diets for each sex of birds of particular ages were formulated on the basis of amino acid content and composition rather than crude protein. The study has also demonstrated that tallow may depress growth unless additional amino acids are also supplied. Avenues for further work are discussed.

scholarly journals Protein Substitutes in PKU; Their Historical Evolution

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Anne Daly ◽  
Sharon Evans ◽  
Alex Pinto ◽  
Catherine Ashmore ◽  
Anita MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Physiological Profile ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Normal Physiological Function

Protein substitutes developed for phenylketonuria (PKU) are a synthetic source of protein commonly based on L-amino acids. They are essential in the treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) and other amino acid disorders, allowing the antagonistic amino acid to be removed but with the safe provision of all other amino acids necessary for maintaining normal physiological function. They were first formulated by a chemist and used experimentally on a 2-year-old girl with PKU and their nutritional formulations and design have improved over time. Since 2008, a bioactive macropeptide has been used as a base for protein substitutes in PKU, with potential benefits of improved bone and gut health, nitrogen retention, and blood phenylalanine control. In 2018, animal studies showed that physiomimic technology coating the amino acids with a polymer allows a slow release of amino acids with an improved physiological profile. History has shown that in PKU, the protein substitute’s efficacy is determined by its nutritional profile, amino acid composition, dose, timing, distribution, and an adequate energy intake. Protein substitutes are often given little importance, yet their pharmacological actions and clinical benefit are pivotal when managing PKU.

scholarly journals Arginine in poultry nutrition

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Smith ◽  
D. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Amino Acid Imbalance ◽  
Poultry Nutrition ◽  
Excess Quantities

1. A series of trials has been conducted to investigate interactions between amino acids in the diet of the growing chick. 2. Diets were prepared in which the level of arginine was limiting. To these diets were added excess levels of lysine, histidine, isoleucine and leucine. Of these amino acids lysine was most effective in reducing the growth rate. Growth rate was restored by adding arginine. 3. The addition of excess quantities of lysine to a diet in which the level of tryptophan was limiting and the level of arginine adequate did not reduce growth rate. 4. These results confirm the existence of a specific interaction between arginine and lysine. The concept is discussed that such specific interactions between pairs or among small groups of amino acids might underly many of the phenomenons of amino acid imbalance.

Homochirality as the Signature of Extra-Terrestrial Life

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 505-510
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. MacDermott ◽  
Laurence D. Barron ◽  
Andrè Brack ◽  
Thomas Buhse ◽  
John R. Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Physical Origin ◽  
Natural Choice ◽  
Rosetta Mission ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Solar System Bodies ◽  
Origin Of Homochirality

AbstractThe most characteristic hallmark of life is its homochirality: all biomolecules are usually of one hand, e.g. on Earth life uses only L-amino acids for protein synthesis and not their D mirror images. We therefore suggest that a search for extra-terrestrial life can be approached as a Search for Extra- Terrestrial Homochirality (SETH). The natural choice for a SETH instrument is optical rotation, and we describe a novel miniaturized space polarimeter, called the SETH Cigar, which could be used to detect optical rotation as the homochiral signature of life on other planets. Moving parts are avoided by replacing the normal rotating polarizer by multiple fixed polarizers at different angles as in the eye of the bee. We believe that homochirality may be found in the subsurface layers on Mars as a relic of extinct life, and on other solar system bodies as a sign of advanced pre-biotic chemistry. We discuss the chiral GC-MS planned for the Roland lander of the Rosetta mission to a comet and conclude with theories of the physical origin of homochirality.

Hydrogen Cyanide Polymers from the Impact of Comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Clifford N. Matthews ◽  
Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽  
Shirley A. Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Heterogeneous Solids ◽  
The Many ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.

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