Three-dimensional distribution of permafrost and responses to increasing air temperatures in the head waters of the Yellow River in High Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 321-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aili Sun ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Zhongbo Yu ◽  
Huijun Jin ◽  
Yu Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
High Asia ◽  
Dimensional Distribution

Prehistoric Figurines in China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Priewe
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Early China ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Relative Rarity ◽  
First Millennium Bc ◽  
Regional Cultures

In early China there was no widespread tradition of making figurines until about the mid-first millennium bc when human figurines started to be placed in burials to accompany the deceased into the afterlife. In prior millennia only pockets of China had seen the emergence of figurines, but these appeared to be short-lived phenomena clearly rooted and linked to local and regional cultures. The overall paucity of three-dimensional imagery and relative rarity of human representations both in two and three dimensions meant that China does not feature in surveys of early figurines. This chapter surveys and discusses selected appearance of figurines of the Neolithic and Bronze Age, with an emphasis on the Hongshan Culture in the northeast, the Yellow River and the Shijiahe Culture along the middle Yangtze.

scholarly journals Effect of Deficiencies in the Tunnel Crown Thickness on Pressure Tunnels with Posttensioned Concrete Linings

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan Qin ◽  
Shengrong Cao ◽  
Fan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Concrete Lining ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Posttensioned Concrete ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

This paper investigates the effect of deficiencies in the tunnel crown thickness on pressure tunnels with the posttensioned concrete lining. Based on the lining parameters of the Yellow River Crossing Tunnel, the modeling approach of the posttensioned concrete lining is introduced in detail and a three-dimensional finite element model is established. The three-dimensional finite element model is validated by experimental results from the full-scale model experiment of the Yellow River Crossing Tunnel. Special attention is given to the changes in the deformation, radial displacement, and circumferential stress of the posttensioned concrete lining with gradual decreases in the tunnel crown thickness. The calculation results show that the influence scopes of deficiencies in the tunnel crown thickness are mainly concentrated in the crown and its adjacent parts. The posttensioned concrete lining can still maintain a satisfactory stress state when deficiencies in the tunnel crown thickness exist, and undesirable stress levels may be caused only when the tunnel crown thickness decreases below a certain threshold. Furthermore, cracks are most likely to occur at the external and internal surfaces of the crown and at the internal surface of the crown’s adjacent parts, which is useful for taking measurements regarding the lining tightness and stability.

scholarly journals Brief discussion on the water-sediment regulation in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River under the changing environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Li ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Hongwu Zhang ◽  
Lisheng Zhang ◽  
Deyu Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Discharge Duration ◽  
Gauging Station

The effective reservoir sediment regulation measure is extremely significant for the sedimentladen river. It should not only extend the reservoir life, but also pose favorable conditions for the management of the river-reservoir system. Especially, the remarkable changes in the hydrological processes challenge to the system in some respects, like flood control, rive training, ecological environment improvement and so on. This paper gives a brief discussion on the representative existing problems in Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River. The water-sediment parameters and artificial regulation factors are then summed through a comprehensive literature review. Then we investigate the response to the different scales of floods in the Inner Mongolia reach through a three-dimensional model, in which the simulation region is from Bayangaole gauging station to Toudaoguai gauging station. With respect to the riverbed deformation, it is effective to control the relationship between the incoming water and sediment to restrain the shrinkage of the main channel; and surely that there exists a nonlinear relationship between channel scouring and incoming water-sediment conditions. Through data analysis and simulation results, the response characteristics of different watersediment regulation boundary conditions can be obtained, such as the ratio between sediment concentration and discharge, the discharge duration and the discharge, which is favorable to further water-sediment regulation of the reservoir and the management in Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River.

Groundwater Flow Simulation and Resource Evaluation of the Affected Zone along the Yellow River (Henan Section)

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2713-2718
Author(s):  
Lei Lei Gu ◽  
Jing Li Shao ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Yun Zhang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Equilibrium Analysis ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Resource Evaluation

The purpose of this paper is to build a three-dimensional groundwater flow model of the affected zone along the Yellow River, and to conduct equilibrium analysis and resource evaluation to the groundwater of the research area according to the simulation results. In the beginning, the groundwater flow numerical simulation model (1999.1-2009.12) is established and verified through the GMS software on the basis of the establishment of hydrogeological conceptual and mathematical models. Results of the simulation model show that the perennial average of the resources of shallow groundwater recharge is 29.32×108m3/a, the average recharge modulus is 22.35×104m3/km2•a and the safe yield of groundwater resource is 27.04×108m3/a.

Numerical simulation of flow patterns in the forebay and suction sump of Tianshan pumping station

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-525
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Yongmei Cao ◽  
Chuanchang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Technical Improvement ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Turbulence Flow ◽  
Simulation Results

Tianshan Pumping Station takes water from the Yellow River. A three-dimensional (3D) mathematical model of turbulence flow patterns in the forebay and suction sump was developed and a 3D turbulent flow simulation technique applied to numerical calculation of the flow pattern characteristics in both the original and rebuilt forebays of the pumping station. The numerical simulation results were analyzed and contrasted. The results showed that, with technical improvement, surface backflow was avoided, and bottom velocity in the forebay was increased while bottom velocity in the suction sump was unchanged. Because of this, there was no sediment deposition in the bottom of the forebay, and flow velocities in the forebay and suction sump were more evenly distributed.

The Shengli I Point Bar on the Yellow River Delta: Three-Dimensional Structures and Their Evolution

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHONG Jianhua ◽  
SHEN Xiaohua ◽  
NI Jinren ◽  
WANG Guanmin ◽  
WEN Zhifeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Point Bar ◽  
The Yellow River Delta

scholarly journals Estimation of air temperature and the mountain-mass effect in the Yellow River Basin using multi-source data

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258549
Author(s):  
Ziwu Pan ◽  
Jun Zhu ◽  
Junjie Liu ◽  
Jiangyan Gu ◽  
Zhenzhen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Source Data ◽  
The Yellow River Basin

Quantitative studies of the multiple factors influencing the mountain-mass effect, which causes higher temperatures in mountainous than non-mountainous regions, remain insufficient. This study estimated the air temperature in the Yellow River Basin, which spans three different elevation ranges, using multi-source data to address the uneven distribution of regional meteorological stations. The differences in mountain-mass effect for different geomorphic regions at the same altitude were then compared. The Manner–Kendall nonparametric test was used to analyse time series changes in temperature. Moreover, we employed the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, with MODIS land-surface and air-temperature data, station-based meteorological data, vertical temperature gradients corresponding to the 2000–2015 period, and elevation data, to estimate the correlation between monthly mean surface temperature and air temperature in the Yellow River Basin. The following major results were obtained. (1) The GWR method and ground station-based observations enhanced the accuracy of air-temperature estimates with an error of only ± 0.74°C. (2) The estimated annual variations in the spatial distributions of 12-month average temperatures showed that the upper Tibetan Plateau is characterised by low annual air temperatures with a narrow spatial distribution, whereas north-eastern areas upstream of the Inner Mongolia Plateau are characterised by higher air temperatures. Changes in the average monthly air temperature were also high in the middle and lower reaches, with a narrow spatial distribution. (3) Considering the seasonal variation in the temperature lapse rate, the mountain-mass effect in the Yellow River Basin was very high. In the middle of each season, the variation of air temperature at a given altitude over the Tibetan Plateau was higher than that over the Loess Plateau and Jinji Mountain. The results of this study reveal the unique temperature characteristics of the Yellow River Basin according to its geomorphology. Furthermore, this research contributes to quantifying mountain-mass effects.

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