Consistent inter–annual reduction of rice cadmium in 5–year biannual organic amendment

2021 ◽  
pp. 151026
Author(s):  
Hao Sheng ◽  
Yu Gu ◽  
Zerun Yin ◽  
Yi Xue ◽  
Ping Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Annual Reduction

THE QUESTION OF RENEWING THE SEEDING MACHINE PARK

1970 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
М. K. Shaykhov ◽  
М. M. Shaykhov ◽  
N. Z. Khistemov ◽  
Kh. Kh. Shaydullin ◽  
R. Kh. Shaydullin
Keyword(s):  
Machine Availability ◽  
Annual Reduction ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Sowing Machine ◽  
Sown Area

The average annual reduction in the sowing machine park in 2015-2018 amounted to 5.4 thousand units, so there is a problem of replenishing the missing equipment. At the same time, the main urgent issues requiring solution are the improvement of sowing machines. The materials on the provision of farms with sowing equipment in 1990-2018 and its production in 2010-2018 are considered, the designs for improving sowing machines are proposed. A decrease in the sown area for grain and leguminous crops in 1992-2018 was revealed by 1.3 times – from 61.9 to 46.3 million hectares and an increase by 5.5 times in the annual load on a grain seeder from 133 to 733 hectares per machine. Availability of grain seeders have been estimated for 2018 is about 63 thousand units, the total demand is calculated – about 196 thousand of reference units. A grain-fertilizer seeder with disc coulters of the SZ-3.6 type was taken as the reference unit of the sowing machine. The range of sowing equipment has been analyzed. The diagram of a single-disc-anchor coulter of strip sowing for sowing complexes is presented. Examples of effective use of single-disc anchor coulter instead of paw coulters openers are given. Described is a competitive single-disc coulter working body of strip sowing for use on sowing complexes.

Nitrapyrin coupled with organic amendment mitigates N2O emissions by inhibiting different ammonia oxidizers in alkaline and acidic soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 104062
Author(s):  
Rui Tao ◽  
Xiran Zhao ◽  
Xiaoliang Wu ◽  
Baowei Hu ◽  
Kollie B. Vanyanbah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Amendment ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizers ◽  
Acidic Soils

scholarly journals The Impact of an Inactivated Hepatitis A Vaccine with One Dose in Brazil: A Retrospective Time-Series

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Bierrenbach ◽  
Yoonyoung Choi ◽  
Paula de Mendonça Batista ◽  
Fernando Brandão Serra ◽  
Cintia Irene Parellada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Annual Reduction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vaccination Period

Background: In 2014, a recommended one-dose of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine was included in the Brazilian National Immunization Program targeting children 12–24 months. This decision addressed the low to intermediate endemicity status of hepatitis A across Brazil and the high rate of infection in children and adolescents between 5 and 19 years old. The aim of the study was to conduct a time-series analysis on hepatitis A incidence across age groups and to assess the hepatitis A distribution throughout Brazilian geographic regions. Methods: An interrupted time-series analysis was performed to assess hepatitis A incidence rates before (2010–2013) and after (2015–2018) hepatitis A vaccine program implementation. The time-series analysis was stratified by age groups while a secondary analysis examined geographic distribution of hepatitis A cases. Results: Overall incidence of hepatitis A decreased from 3.19/100.000 in the pre-vaccine period to 0.87/100.000 (p = 0.022) post-vaccine introduction. Incidence rate reduction was higher among children aged 1-4 years old, with an annual reduction of 67.6% in the post-vaccination period against a 7.7% annual reduction in the pre-vaccination period (p < 0.001). Between 2015 and 2018, the vaccination program prevented 14,468 hepatitis A cases. Conclusion: Our study highlighted the positive impact of a recommended one-dose inactivated hepatitis A vaccine for 1–4-years-old in controlling hepatitis A at national level.

scholarly journals Impact of Organic Amendment with Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation on Rice Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Physicochemical Properties of Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1529
Author(s):  
Ahmad Numery Ashfaqul Haque ◽  
Md. Kamal Uddin ◽  
Muhammad Firdaus Sulaiman ◽  
Adibah Mohd Amin ◽  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Properties Of Soil

A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil. Two irrigation regimes—namely alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous flooding (CF)—and four types of organic amendments (OA)—namely rice husk biochar (RHB), oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar (EFBB), compost and a control—were applied to evaluate their effects. Under the AWD irrigation regime, the maximum grain was produced by RHB (241.12 g), whereas under the same organic amendments, both AWD and CF produced a similar grain yield. Under the same organic amendment, a significantly higher water use efficiency (WUE) was observed from the AWD irrigation with RHB (6.30 g L−1) and EFBB (5.80 g L−1). Within the same irrigation regime, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, total carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were enhanced due to the incorporation of biochar and compost, while higher soil exchangeable potassium was observed under CF irrigation for all treatments. RHB and EFBB significantly reduced the soil bulk density (up to 20.70%) and increased porosity (up to 16.70%) under both irrigation regimes. The results imply that the use of biochar with AWD irrigation could enhance the nutrient uptake and physicochemical properties of soil and allow rice to produce a greater yield with less water consumption.

Abstract 15: Trends in Performance and Outcomes of Carotid Endarterectomy Among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries, 2003-2010

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith H Lichtman ◽  
Michael R Jones ◽  
Alice J Sheffet ◽  
George Howard ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Hospital Level ◽  
Medicare Patients ◽  
Annual Reduction ◽  
Service Data

Background: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is the leading procedure for carotid stenosis, yet national data on trends in rates and outcomes are limited. We determined CEA rates among Medicare beneficiaries and evaluated mortality and readmission over 8 years. Methods: We used Medicare fee-for-service data to identify beneficiaries aged ≥65y who had their first CEA (ICD-9 38.12) from 2003-2010 and calculated annual rates per 100,000 person-years (PY). We fit mixed models to assess trends in patient-level outcomes, adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, and symptomatic status. We also evaluated hospital-level trends by calculating risk-standardized mortality (RSMR) and readmission (RSRR) rates. A spatial mixed model adjusted for age, sex, and race was fit to calculate county-specific risk-standardized CEA rates in 2003-2004. Results: There were 505,966 unique CEA hospitalizations. The annual number of CEA discharges decreased from 81,604 in 2003 to 47,597 in 2010 (42% decrease), though the patient characteristics remained largely similar. The national CEA rate was 283 per 100,000 PY in 2003, and there was considerable geographic variability (Figure A). This rate decreased each year to a low of 172 per 100,000 PY in 2010. The rate of stroke or death within 30 days decreased from 3.2 to 2.7%, with a significant adjusted annual reduction of 3% (Figure B). Annual reductions in other short- and long-term outcomes were similar, ranging from 2-3%. The median hospital-level 30-day RSMR decreased over time from 0.99 to 0.57%, while the variation between hospitals increased (interquartile range of 0.7-1.67 percentage points). The 30-day RSRR decreased from 11.0 to 10.1%, but there was more homogeneity across hospitals and years. Conclusions: CEA use among Medicare patients decreased dramatically from 2003-2010, while mortality and readmission outcomes improved. The relative importance of biological and sociological mechanisms for these trends merits further study.

scholarly journals Three Gorges Dam Project: An Introduction

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Pranav Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Three Gorges Dam ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Annual Reduction ◽  
Alternative Sites ◽  
Hydropower Stations

The Three Gorges Dam Project (TGDP) on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province is touted as the long term solution to China’s increasing energy and agricultural needs. TGDP, with a 1084 km2 reservoir of 39.3 billion m3 capacity, will be the largest multipurpose water conservancy project ever built in the world. The main structures of the project are dam, hydropower stations and navigation facilities. After studying fifteen alternative sites and approval of Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) in February 1992, the construction of the dam began in 1994 with an expected duration of 17 years. Annual reduction of 40-50 million tons of coal consumption by providing 85 billion kilowatt hours of electricity, protection of 1.6 million hectares of agricultural land from floods and considerable improvement of navigation and tourism sector are the major anticipated benefits of TGDP. However, the proposed benefits put significant pressure on ecological and socio-cultural environment of the TGDP area. Relocation and resettlement of over 1.3 million local populations, inundation of several sites of historical importance, deforestation and loss of biodiversity including several endangered species of flora and fauna across a region of 58,000 km2, increased sedimentation, water pollution and potential earthquake risks are the major adverse consequences of TGDP. Key words: Three Gorges Dam Project (TGDP), environmental impacts, alternatives, resettlement, biodiversity, ecology, China Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol. I, Issue No. 1 (2007) pp. 54-56

Soil hydraulic manipulation and organic amendment for the enhancement of selenium volatilization in a soil–pickleweed system

2006 ◽  
Vol 288 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Shrestha ◽  
S. Lipe ◽  
K. A. Johnson ◽  
T. Q. Zhang ◽  
W. Retzlaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Soil Hydraulic
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