scholarly journals Genetic Diversity In Nutritional Composition Of Oat (Avena Sativa L.) Germplasm Reported From Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ihsan ◽  
Mohammad Nisar ◽  
Nausheen Nazir ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
Atif Ali Khan Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Nutritional Composition

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL APPROACH TO STRUCTURING THE VARIETY DIVERSITY OF THE NAKED AND COVERED FORMS OF CULTURAL OATS (AVENA SATIVA L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Loskutov ◽  
Tatiana Shelenga ◽  
Aleksei Konarev ◽  
Yulia Vargach ◽  
Elizaveta Porokhovinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Development Of Resistance

Background. Structuring and phenotyping genetic diversity is an important aspect of the work with breeding sources and materials. In the Introduction, the authors pointed out the role of N.I. Vavilovs scientific foresight in defining the topical trend in researching the genetic diversity of a crop, particularly the analysis of its biochemical composition. As the target of their research, the authors chose biochemical characters identifiable in the process of metabolomic analysis conducted by means of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Materials and methods. The object was the grain of naked and covered forms of common oat (Avena sativa L.) from the collection held by the Oat, Rye and Barley Genetic Resources Department of VIR. The analysis of oil fatty acid content and metabolomic research were performed using the method of gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry on the chromatograph Agilent 6850 (USA). Results. The obtained metabolomic spectra which reflected the metabolomic status of genotypes of various ecogeographic origin were compared among themselves using statistical (principal component) analysis methods. The results of the comparison are discussed by referring to the most important groups of metabolites significant for forming the traits of resistance to stressors as well as the characters related to food qualities of grain products. Special attention has been paid to biologically active compounds determining the functional value of the products for human nutrition: the sum of phenolics in covered forms is five times higher than that in naked ones and the content of glycine amino acid in covered forms is five times higher than in naked grain, with a similar proportion in the content of organic acids, sugars, etc. Conclusion. Differences between metabolomic profiles of naked and covered forms have been detected and statistically verified. Accessions with the most optimal nutritional composition have been identified for food purposes and for the development of resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses.

scholarly journals Genetic Similarity of Avena sativa L. Varieties as an Example of a Narrow Genetic Pool of Contemporary Cereal Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1424
Author(s):  
Magdalena Cieplak ◽  
Sylwia Okoń ◽  
Krystyna Werwińska
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Central European ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
Genetic Pool ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
High Genetic Similarity

The assessment of the genetic diversity of cultivated varieties is a very important element of breeding programs. This allows the determination of the level of genetic differentiation of cultivated varieties, their genetic distinctiveness, and is also of great importance in the selection of parental components for crossbreeding. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of genetic diversity of oat varieties currently grown in Central Europe based on two marker systems: ISSR and SCoT. The research conducted showed that both these types of markers were suitable for conducting analyses relating to the assessment of genetic diversity. The calculated coefficients showed that the analyzed cultivars were characterized by a high genetic similarity. However, the UPGMA and PCoA analyses clearly indicated the distinctiveness of the breeding programs conducted in Central European countries. The high genetic similarity of the analyzed forms allow us to conclude that it is necessary to expand the genetic pool of oat varieties. Numerous studies show that landraces may be the donor of genetic variation.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF BARLEY AND OAT GENOTYPES ON SUMMER-FALLOWED AND STUBBLE LAND

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
J. D. BERDAHL ◽  
B. L. HARVEY
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cropping Practices ◽  
Hordeum Distichum ◽  
Summer Fallow ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Twenty-five barley (Hordeum vulgare and Hordeum distichum L.) and 25 oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes with a wide range in genetic diversity were performance-tested on summer-fallowed and stubble land for 3 yr. Correlation coefficients between 3-yr mean yields on summer fallow and stubble were 0.70 and 0.91 for barley and oats, respectively. The genotpye × cropping practice interaction for yield was not significant for either barley or oats. Exclusive use of summer-fallow land in performance testing of barley and oats would not preclude identification of high yielding genotypes for stubble cropping. Barley genotypes that were not high yielding on both cropping practices have not been consistently high yielding across environments in regional cooperative tests.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON MICROMYCETES IN OATS (AVENA SATIVA L.) UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF STUPINO DISTRICT, MOSCOW PROVINCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
J. I. Vargach ◽  
S. E. Golovin ◽  
I. G. Loskutov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Moscow Province

Background. Fungal diseases are the main cause of the deterioration of grain quality and lower yield of cereals crops. Reduction of acreage, and, as a consequence, violation of crop rotation rules, oversaturation of fields with cereals, spring and summer droughts contribute to the mass emergence and widespreading of new obligate and facultative diseases in all regions of the country. Therefore, the search for a variety of donors and sources of sustainability is a vital task.Materials and methods. Materials engaged in the research were kernels of 41 oat accessions from the VIR collection of plant genetic resources, obtained in 2016–2018 in field crop rotations by the Genetic Diversity Research Department of ARHIBAN (Mikhnevo, Stupino District, Moscow Province). The specific diversity of micromycetes in grain was identified using Litvinov’s “wet chambers” technique and light microscopy.Results. The dominant pathocomplex of micromycetes in oat grain in Moscow Province was found to belong to the genera Alternaria (A. infectoria, A. tennuissima), Cladosporium (Cl. cladosporioides, Cl. herbarum) and Fusarium (F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. heterosporum, F. nivale var. nivale, F. oxysporum, F. poae, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. sporotrichioides var. minus, and F. tricintum).Conclusion. The hulled cultivars ‘Bulanyi’ (VIR-15277, Russia, Moscow Prov.) and ‘Zakat’ (VIR-15384, Ukraine), and the naked cultivar Mestnyi (VIR-15290, UK) demonstrated the least contamination with pathogens: Fusarium fungi in these accessions were represented by one species – F. avenaceum.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and structure of baobab ( Adansonia digitata L.) in southeastern Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 190854
Author(s):  
Anna Chládová ◽  
Marie Kalousová ◽  
Bohumil Mandák ◽  
Katja Kehlenbeck ◽  
Kathleen Prinz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Limited Possibility

Baobab ( Adansonia digitata L.) is an iconic tree of African savannahs. Its multipurpose character and nutritional composition of fruits and leaves offer high economic and social potential for local communities. There is an urgent need to characterize the genetic diversity of the Kenyan baobab populations in order to facilitate further conservation and domestication programmes. This study aims at documenting the genetic diversity and structure of baobab populations in southeastern Kenya. Leaf or bark samples were collected from 189 baobab trees in seven populations distributed in two geographical groups, i.e. four inland and three coastal populations. Nine microsatellite loci were used to assess genetic diversity. Overall, genetic diversity of the species was high and similarly distributed over the populations. Bayesian clustering and principal coordinate analysis congruently divided the populations into two distinct clusters, suggesting significant differences between inland and coastal populations. The genetic differentiation between coastal and inland populations suggests a limited possibility of gene flow between these populations. Further conservation and domestications studies should take into consideration thegeographical origin of trees and more attention should be paid to morphological characterization of fruits and leaves of the coastal and inland populations to understand the causes and the impact of the differentiation.

Nutritional composition of white oat (Avena sativa L.) with different levels of dry matter for use in the diet of horses

2012 ◽  
pp. 275-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. C. Rezende ◽  
G. P. Freitas ◽  
M. L. L. Costa ◽  
M. G. Fonseca ◽  
J. Lage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Different Levels
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