A scoping review of current practices on community engagement in rural East Africa: Recommendations for snakebite envenoming

Abstract Background Indigenous populations have remained strong and resilient in maintaining their unique culture and values, despite centuries of colonial oppression. Unfortunately, a consequential result of facing years of adversity has led Indigenous populations to experience a disproportionate level of poorer health outcomes compared to non-Indigenous populations. Specifically, the rate of Indigenous chronic disease prevalence has significantly increased in the last decade. Many of the unique issues Indigenous populations experience are deeply rooted in their colonial history and the intergenerational traumas that has subsequently impacted their physical, mental, emotional and spiritual well-being. With this, to better improve Indigenous health outcomes, understanding the local context of their challenges is key. Studies have begun to use modes of community engagement to initiate Indigenous partnerships and design chronic disease-based interventions. However, with the lack of a methodological guideline regarding the appropriate level of community engagement to be used, there is concern that many interventions will continue to fall short in meeting community needs. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the how various community engagement strategies have been used to design and/or implement interventions for Indigenous populations with chronic disease. Methods A scoping review guided by the methods outlined by Arksey and O’Malley was conducted. A comprehensive search was completed by two reviewers in five electronic databases using keywords related to community engagement, Indigenous health and chronic disease. Studies were reviewed using a descriptive-analytical narrative method and data was categorized into thematic groups reflective of the main findings. Results We identified 23 articles that met the criteria for this scoping review. The majority of the studies included the use a participatory research model and the procurement of study approval. However, despite the claimed use of participatory research methods, only 6 studies had involved community members to identify the area of priority and only five had utilized Indigenous interview styles to promote meaningful feedback. Adapting for the local cultural context and the inclusion of community outreach were identified as the key themes from this review. Conclusion Many studies have begun to adopt community engagement strategies to better meet the needs of Indigenous Peoples. With the lack of a clear guideline to approach Indigenous-based participatory research, we recommend that researchers focus on 1) building partnerships, 2) obtaining study approval and 3) adapting interventions to the local context.

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P85 Exclusion of community-led initiatives by publication bias: evidence from a systematic scoping review of community engagement in the uk

10.1136/jech-2017-ssmabstracts.186 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

AM Bagnall ◽

J South ◽

J Trigwell ◽

K Kinsella

Keyword(s):

Community Engagement ◽

Publication Bias ◽

Scoping Review ◽

The Uk

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Neglected Tropical Diseases in the Context of Climate Change in East Africa: A Systematic Scoping Review

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.19-0380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 102 (6) ◽

pp. 1443-1454

Author(s):

Julia M. Bryson ◽

Katherine E. Bishop-Williams ◽

Lea Berrang-Ford ◽

Emily C. Nunez ◽

Shuaib Lwasa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

East Africa ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

Tropical Diseases

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Open and Distance Learning Programs for Nursing and Midwifery Education in East Africa: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.17765 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kahabi Isangula ◽

Grace Edwards ◽

Tumbwene Mwansisya ◽

Columba Mbekenga ◽

Eunice Pallangyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Distance Learning ◽

East Africa ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Professional Education ◽

East African ◽

African Countries ◽

Midwifery Education ◽

Open And Distance Learning ◽

Nurses And Midwives

BACKGROUND In the face of growing modernity and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, open and distance learning (ODL) is considered to play an important role in increasing access to education worldwide. There is a robust evidence base demonstrating its cost effectiveness in comparison with conventional class-based teaching; however, the transition to this new paradigm of learning for nursing and midwifery courses has been difficult in low-income countries. While there are notable efforts to increase internet and education access to health care professionals, not much is known about ODL for nurses and midwives in East African countries. OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to understand whether ODL programs for nursing and midwifery education exist, the drivers of their adoption, their implementation, the topics/courses covered, their acceptability, and their impacts in East African countries. METHODS The scoping review methodology employs the framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. Using an exploratory approach, a two-stage screening process consisting of a title and abstract scan and a full-text review will be used to determine the eligibility of articles. To be included, articles must report on an existing ODL initiative for nurses and midwives in Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya. All articles will be independently assessed for eligibility by pairs of reviewers, and all eligible articles will be abstracted and charted in duplicate using a standardized form. RESULTS Details of ODL for nursing and midwifery education initiatives and study outcomes will be summarized in a table. The extracted data will undergo exploratory descriptive analysis, and the results will be classified into learner and clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Evidence on ODL for nursing and midwifery education will inform the ongoing development and restructuring of health care professional education in East Africa amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/17765

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Post-rape medicolegal service provision and policy in East Africa: a scoping review protocol

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01613-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Rockowitz ◽

Heather Flowe ◽

Caroline Bradbury-Jones

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

East Africa ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Service Provision ◽

Grey Literature ◽

World Health ◽

British Library ◽

Sexual Offense ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

Scoping Reviews

Abstract Background Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is an epidemic that continues to affect both men and women in East Africa. Despite the high prevalence of SGBV in this region, sexual offense policies are often unclear, poorly enforced, or completely lacking. When policies do exist practitioners who assist survivors in the aftermath of the violation often are unaware of them, or may not implement them for a host of reasons (e.g., culture, personal beliefs, and resource limitations). This scoping review seeks to evaluate the literature on existing sexual offense policies in East Africa and understand the consequences of its implementation, or lack thereof, on a survivor’s justice and medical and psychological wellbeing. Methods This scoping review will be guided by the amended Arksey and O’Malley framework recommendations (Levac et al., Implementation Science. 2010) and the 2015 Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines (Peters et al., Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual, 2020). The results will be presented using the adapted Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: Extension for Scoping Reviews chart (PRISMA-ScR). The search strategy for this scoping review will include entering search terms into electronic databases, including PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL Plus, The British Library, and Web of Science. A “cited by” search will be conducted, which will also include entering references from the reference lists from other articles. Grey literature will be included in the review, which will be identified through searching individual country’s government websites, and other websites, such as the World Health Organization and the United Nations Human Rights Council. All references will be exported to Endnote library. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full articles. Thematic analysis will be used to evaluate the included articles. Discussion Understanding the legal and regulatory context of SGBV in East Africa and its associations with service provision will generate knowledge on implications for wellbeing. This information can be used to evaluate potential human rights violations and inform future policy. Systematic review registration Open Science Framework https://osf.io/vh3gm

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Community-Academic Partnerships in the Community Engagement Literature: A Scoping Review

10.31219/osf.io/cq5xd ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Emily Janke ◽

Santos Flores ◽

Kathleen Edwards

Keyword(s):

Community Engagement ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Extant Literature ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Academic Partnerships

This article contributes a novel dataset mapping the partnership literature in the community engagement field and invites scholars of community-academic partnerships in the community engagement field to participate in the development of scoping reviews as a way to effectively scan extant literature as they seek to build upon or critique it. This scoping review includes key article-level characteristics regarding the representation of community-academic partnerships within 141 published articles from seven peer-reviewed journals in the community engagement field.

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Equality in Community Engagement: A Scoping Review of Evidence from Research and Practice in Scotland

Scottish Affairs ◽

10.3366/scot.2021.0374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 355-380

Author(s):

Ruth Lightbody ◽

Oliver Escobar

Keyword(s):

Civil Society ◽

Community Engagement ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Local Governments ◽

Global Scale ◽

Public Authorities ◽

Research And Practice ◽

Civil Society Organisations ◽

Community Processes ◽

Evidence Review

In Scotland, innovative designs for community engagement have been developed by national and local governments, public authorities, and civil society organisations, leading to a wealth of literature and research. This evidence review of 79 articles and reports, explores the intersection between community engagement and inequality in Scotland. We find that the ways in which equality must be supported within community processes are often overlooked. Community engagement must be placed in the context of broader democratic innovation and citizenship at regional, national and global scale in order to become future proof. Appropriate resources are required to avoid replicating systemic inequalities as well as to support the development of a variety of institutions, processes and methods that cater for groups often mislabelled as ‘hard to reach’ but that are perhaps best seen as ‘easy to ignore’ ( Matthews et al. 2012 ). The paper highlights key learning and strategic considerations to inform practice in Scotland and beyond. The findings and recommendations are of relevance to reformers, innovators, researchers, practitioners and policymakers working across diverse policy areas and levels of governance.

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368. Current practices in maternal monitoring during antiarrhythmic treatment for fetal SVT: A scoping review

Pregnancy Hypertension ◽

10.1016/j.preghy.2018.08.133 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. S45

Author(s):

Christy Gandhi ◽

Isabelle Malhame ◽

Gofran Tarabulsi ◽

Matthew Esposito ◽

Kristin Lombardi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Maternal Monitoring ◽

Antiarrhythmic Treatment ◽

Current Practices

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How can community engagement in health research be strengthened for infectious disease outbreaks in Sub-Saharan Africa? A scoping review of the literature

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10348-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Samantha Vanderslott ◽

Manya Van Ryneveld ◽

Mark Marchant ◽

Shelley Lees ◽

Sylvie Kwedi Nolna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Community Engagement ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Core Material

Abstract Background Community engagement (CE) is a well-established practical and scholarly field, recognised as core to the science and ethics of health research, for which researchers and practitioners have increasingly asked questions about desired standards and evaluation. In infectious disease outbreak contexts, questions may be more complex. However, it is unclear what body of knowledge has been developed for CE specifically as it applies to emerging infectious diseases. This scoping review seeks to describe (1) How CE has been conceptualised and understood; and (2) What conclusions have research teams reached on the effectiveness of CE in these settings, including challenges and facilitators. Methods We used a scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley (Int J Soc Res Methodol 8:19–32, 2005) to structure our review. We conducted a brainstorming session and initial trial search to inform the protocol, search terms, and strategy. Three researchers discussed, developed and applied agreed screening tools and selection criteria to the final search results. Five researchers used the screening tools to screen abstracts and full text for inclusion by consensus. Additional publications were sought from references of retrieved publications and an expert call for literature. We analysed and reported emerging themes qualitatively. Results We included 59 papers from a total of 722 articles derived from our trial and final literature searches, as well as a process of “citation chasing” and an expert call for grey literature. The core material related exclusively to health research trials during the 2014–2016 West Africa Ebola outbreak. We synthesized reports on components of effectiveness of CE to identify and propose three themes as essential elements of effective CE. Conclusions While there is a large volume of literature documenting CE activities in infectious disease research settings generally, there are few accounts of effectiveness dimensions of CE. Our review proposes three themes to facilitate the effectiveness of CE initiatives as essential elements of CE activities in infectious diseases studies: (1) Communication towards building collaborative relationships; (2) Producing contextual knowledge; and (3) Learning lessons over time. As there were relatively few in-depth accounts of CE from our literature review, documentation and accounts of CE used in health research should be prioritised.

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