Survey of Rhipicephalus microplus resistance to ivermectin at cattle farms with history of macrocyclic lactones use in Yucatan, Mexico

Mycobacterial infections caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are of great medical and veterinary relevance. The aim of this research was to study whether small mammals play a role in the epidemiology of mycobacterioses. Four samplings of 100 traps were performed in each of three cattle farms with previous history of tuberculosis or NTM between 2017 and 2018. A total of 108 animals belonging to seven species were trapped, classified, and necropsied, and tissues were submitted to microbiological and molecular methods for mycobacteria identification. The wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) was the most abundant species (87%). No MTC was detected but six different NTM were identified (M. intracellulare, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, M. gordonae, M. celatum, M. fortuitum, and a not determined Mycobacterium sp.), showing a prevalence of 6.5%. No significant association was found between mycobacteria prevalence and the analyzed factors. Although a role in the epidemiology of MTC could not be attributed to small mammals, A. sylvaticus carries NTM that could be pathogenic or interfere with the diagnosis of tuberculosis. According to our results, there is a risk of NTM transmission at the wildlife–livestock interface through potential indirect contacts between small mammals and cattle.

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Seroprevalencia de brucelosis bovina y su relación con el aborto, en edad reproductiva en el cantón El Carmen, provincia Manabí, Ecuador.

La Técnica: Revista de las Agrociencias. ISSN 2477-8982 ◽

10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i21.1663 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Calderón Menéndez ◽

Carlos Aníbal Bulnes Goicochea ◽

Marina Dalila Zambrano Aguayo ◽

María Hipatia Delgado Demera ◽

Laura Monserrate De La Cruz Veliz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Age ◽

Confirmatory Test ◽

Bovine Brucellosis ◽

Rapid Technique ◽

Test Elisa ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

History Of ◽

Livestock Farms ◽

Cattle Farms ◽

The Relationship

Seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and its relationship with abortion, in reproductive age in the canton of El Carmen, Manabí province, Ecuador Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de brucelosis bovina y su relación con el aborto en edad reproductiva en el cantón El Carmen, provincia Manabí, Ecuador, el cual se trabajó con 183 vacas en edad reproductiva en 20 ganaderías en el cantón El Carmen, provincia Manabí, El Diagnóstico se realizó mediante la técnica rápida de Rosa de Bengala, y como prueba confirmatoria Elisa Competitiva, para hacer la relación entre la edad de las hembras y el historial de abortos se establecieron tres grupos: de 24 a 48, de 49 a 72 y mayores a 73 meses, considerando intervalos de 24 meses, como resultado se encontró una seroprevalencia de 5,46% de hembras en edad reproductiva, se estableció que el 20% de las fincas ganaderas estaban afectadas por la enfermedad en el cantón estudiado, se determinó que un 80% de las hembras enfermos presentaban antecedentes de abortos y se pudo apreciar con exactitud que las hembras con edades comprendidas entre los 49 a 72 meses presentaban el mayor porcentaje de abortos. Se concluye que el Cantón El Carmen presenta una seroprevalencia de 5,46%, que el 20% de las fincas ganaderas estaban afectadas por la enfermedad, un 80% de las hembras enfermos presentaban antecedentes de abortos, se determinó que las hembras con edades comprendidas entre los 49 a 72 meses presentaban el mayor porcentaje de abortos, en el cantón El Carmen Provincia Manabí, Ecuador. Palabras clave: Seroprevalencia; brucelosis; aborto; edad reproductiva; El Carmen. Abstract The objective of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and its relationship with abortion in reproductive age in the canton El Carmen, Manabí province, Ecuador, which worked with 183 cows of reproductive age in 20 farms in the canton of El Carmen , Manabí province, The diagnosis was made using the rapid technique of Rosa de Bengala, and as confirmatory test Elisa Competitiva, to make the relationship between the age of the females and the history of abortions were established three groups: from 24 to 48, 49 to 72 and greater than 73 months, considering intervals of 24 months, as a result a seroprevalence of 5.46% of females of reproductive age was found, it was established that 20% of the cattle farms were affected by the disease in the canton studied, it was determined that 80% of the sick females had antecedents of abortions and it was possible to appreciate with accuracy that the females with ages between 49 and 72 months had the highest percentage of abortions. It is concluded that Canton El Carmen presents a seroprevalence of 5.46%, that 20% of livestock farms were affected by the disease, 80% of sick females had antecedents of abortions, it was determined that females aged between 49 and 72 months they had the highest percentage of abortions, in the canton of El Carmen, Province of Manabi, Ecuador.Keywords: Seroprevalence; brucellosis; abortion; reproductive age; The Carmen Keywords: seroprevalence; brucellosis; abortion; reproductive age; El Carmen.

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Interaction Patterns between Wildlife and Cattle Reveal Opportunities for Mycobacteria Transmission in Farms from North-Eastern Atlantic Iberian Peninsula

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11082364 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2364

Author(s):

Lucía Varela-Castro ◽

Iker A. Sevilla ◽

Ariane Payne ◽

Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont ◽

Marta Barral

Keyword(s):

Camera Traps ◽

Interspecies Transmission ◽

Interaction Patterns ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

North Eastern ◽

History Of ◽

One Year ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Cattle Farms

Interactions taking place between sympatric wildlife and livestock may contribute to interspecies transmission of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex or non-tuberculous mycobacteria, leading to the spread of relevant mycobacterioses or to interferences with the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of interactions between wildlife and cattle in a low bovine tuberculosis prevalence Atlantic region. Camera traps were set during a one-year period in cattle farms with a history of tuberculosis and/or non-tuberculous mycobacterioses. The frequency and duration of wildlife visits, and the number of individuals per visit, were analysed through generalized linear mixed models. The seasons, type of place, type of point, and period of the day were the explanatory variables. A total of 1293 visits were recorded during 2741 days of camera observation. Only 23 visits showed direct contacts with cattle, suggesting that mycobacteria transmission at the wildlife–livestock interface would occur mainly through indirect interactions. Cattle pastures represented the most appropriate habitat for interspecies transmission of mycobacteria, and badgers’ latrines appear to be a potential hotspot for mycobacteria circulation between badgers, wild boars, foxes, and cattle. According to both previous epidemiological information and the interaction patterns observed, wild boars, badgers, foxes, and small rodents are the species or group most often in contact with livestock, and thus may be the most involved in the epidemiology of mycobacterioses in the wildlife–livestock interface in this area.

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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Acaricides Used to Control the Cattle Tick,Rhipicephalus microplus, in Dairy Herds Raised in the Brazilian Southwestern Amazon

Veterinary Medicine International ◽

10.4061/2011/806093 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Luciana G. Brito ◽

Fábio S. Barbieri ◽

Rodrigo B. Rocha ◽

Márcia C. S. Oliveira ◽

Elisana Sales Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Similar Efficacy ◽

Immersion Test ◽

Amazon Region ◽

Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽

The State ◽

Cattle Tick ◽

Dairy Herds ◽

Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽

Macrocyclic Lactones

The adult immersion test (AIT) was used to evaluate the efficacy of acaricide molecules used for control ofRhipicephalus micropluson 106 populations collected in five municipalities in the state of Rondônia in the Brazilian South Occidental Amazon region. The analysis of the data showed that the acaricide formulations had different efficacies on the tick populations surveyed. The synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) acaricides were the least effective (48.35–76.84%), followed by SP + organophosphate (OP) associations (68.91–81.47%) and amidine (51.35–100%). For the macrocyclic lactones (MLs), the milbemycin (94.84–100%) was the most effective, followed by spinosad (93.21–100%) and the avermectins (81.34–100%). The phenylpyrazole (PZ) group had similar efficacy (99.90%) to the MLs. Therefore, SP acaricides, including associations with OP, and formulations based on amidine presented low in vitro efficacy to control theR. micropluspopulations surveyed.

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MISSÕES RELIGIOSAS IBÉRICAS NA PARAÍBA COLONIAL. Atividades historiográficas e prospecções arqueológicas dos antigos redutos missioneiros

CLIO – Arqueológica ◽

10.20891/clio.v34n3p87-104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Juvandi De Souza Santos ◽

Lucas Ramon Porto de Assis

Keyword(s):

Present Article ◽

Colonial History ◽

Religious Orders ◽

Archaeological Work ◽

History Of ◽

Investigative Process ◽

Cattle Farms

O presente artigo configura-se como a culminância dum longo processo investigativo acerca da história colonial da Paraíba, especificamente acerca das missões religiosas e fazendas jesuítas que se estabeleceram no território da Parahyba do Norte. Foram identificadas, através de trabalho histórico-arqueológico, trinta e sete missões, distribuídas entre sete ordens religiosas, além de dez fazendas de gado jesuíticas. Configurou-se demasiado importante a interconexão entre ambas estas áreas do conhecimento, história e arqueologia histórica, uma vez que, juntas, elas muito bem serviram ao objetivo primordial do trabalho, que era de efetivamente catalogar, dentro das possibilidades, todos os aldeamentos missioneiros estabelecidos em território paraibano.IBERIAN RELIGIOUS MISSIONS IN COLONIAL PARAÍBA. Historiographical activities and archaeological surveys of the old missionary strongholds ABSTRACTThe present article is the culmination of a long investigative process regarding the colonial history of Paraíba, specifically about the Religious Missions and Jesuit Farms that were established in the territory of Parahyba do Norte. Thirty-seven missions were identified through historical-archaeological work, distributed amongst seven Religious Orders, as well as ten Jesuit cattle Farms. The interconnection between both these fields of knowledge, History and Historical Archeology was very important, since, together, they very well served the primary purpose of the work, which was to, effectively, catalogue, within the possibilities, every one of the Missions stablished in the territory of ParaíbaKeywords: Religious missions; historical archeology; colonial Paraíba.

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Fertility Improvement by Ovsynch Protocol in Repeat Breeder Cattle of Kathmandu Valley

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v6i3.21183 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 261-264

Author(s):

Bikalpa Karki ◽

Rabin Raut ◽

Krishna Prasad Sankhi ◽

Umesh Mandal ◽

Gokarna Gautam

Keyword(s):

Fixed Time ◽

Reproductive Hormones ◽

Reproductive Efficiency ◽

Dairy Herds ◽

Kathmandu Valley ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Test Kit ◽

History Of ◽

Cattle Farms ◽

Repeat Breeder

Repeat breeders cause substantial loss in dairy herds mainly affecting the reproductive efficiency and economy of milk production in cattle and buffaloes. A study was conducted in cattle farms of various farmers of three districts of Central Region of Nepal; Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur during March-August 2016. A total of 20 repeat breeder cows were selected for the trial. Repeat breeder cows were identified based on the history of at least three repeated breeding at an interval of around three weeks. We applied Ovsynch protocol where two reproductive hormones; Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) and Prostaglandin (PGF2α) were injected. Pregnancy was initially diagnosed by Biopryn Test kit using serum samples. Rectal examination confirmed pregnancy after 2 months of artificial insemination (AI). 16 cows expressed clear estrus signs during fixed time AI. 5 (83.3%) out of 6 cows with cystic ovary expressed estrus at the time of fixed time AI. 4 (66.7%) of these cows became pregnant.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 261-264

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Monitoring piroplasms infection in three cattle farms in Minorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) with previous history of clinical piroplamosis

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.07.024 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 190 (3-4) ◽

pp. 318-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. Ros-García ◽

A.L. García-Pérez ◽

J. Verdera ◽

R.A. Juste ◽

A. Hurtado

Keyword(s):

Previous History ◽

Balearic Islands ◽

History Of ◽

Cattle Farms

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Seroepidemiology of Neospora Caninum in Dairy Cattle Farms with a History of Abortion in Isfahan Province, Iran

Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry ◽

10.15744/2348-9790.4.304 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Morovati H ◽

Noaman V

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Isfahan Province ◽

History Of ◽

Cattle Farms

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Rhipicephalus(Boophilus) microplus resistant to acaricides and ivermectin in cattle farms of Mexico

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612014044 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 113-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Róger Iván Rodríguez-Vivas ◽

Luis Carlos Pérez-Cogollo ◽

José Alberto Rosado-Aguilar ◽

Melina Maribel Ojeda-Chi ◽

Iris Trinidad-Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Boophilus Microplus ◽

Current Status ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Cattle Tick ◽

Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽

Macrocyclic Lactones ◽

Antiparasitic Drug ◽

Antiparasitic Drugs ◽

Cattle Farms

Ticks and the diseases they transmit cause great economic losses to livestock in tropical countries. Non-chemical control alternatives include the use of resistant cattle breeds, biological control and vaccines. However, the most widely used method is the application of different chemical classes of acaricides and macrocyclic lactones. Populations of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, resistant to organophosphates (OP), synthetic pyrethroids (SP), amitraz and fipronil have been reported in Mexico. Macrocyclic lactones are the most sold antiparasitic drug in the Mexican veterinary market. Ivermectin-resistant populations of R. (B.) microplus have been reported in Brazil, Uruguay and especially in Mexico (Veracruz and Yucatan). Although ivermectin resistance levels in R. (B.) microplus from Mexico were generally low in most cases, some field populations of R. (B.) microplus exhibited high levels of ivermectin resistance. The CHPAT population showed a resistance ratio of 10.23 and 79.6 at lethal concentration of 50% and 99%, respectively. Many field populations of R. (B.) microplus are resistant to multiple classes of antiparasitic drugs, including organophosphates (chlorpyrifos, coumaphos and diazinon), pyrethroids (flumethrin, deltamethrin and cypermethrin), amitraz and ivermectin. This paper reports the current status of the resistance of R. (B.) microplus to acaricides, especially ivermectin, in Mexican cattle.

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