Formation and mineralization of murine molar roots with hypocalcaemia induced by a low-calcium diet and the changes after returning to a normal diet

1. The effects of a low calcium diet and of oophorectomy, separately and together, on cortical and trabecular bone mass, have been examined in mature female rats. 2. Calcium deprivation caused a significant decrease of weight, cortical cross-sectional area and ratio of cortical to total area in the femur, it significantly reduced the volume of trabecular bone and increased the percentage of osteoid surface in the tail vertebrae, and in addition increased the urinary excretion of phosphate and, initially, of hydroxyproline. 3. Oophorectomy caused similar though smaller changes in trabecular bone and urine, whereas the effects of oophorectomy on cortical bone were greater on a low calcium intake than on a normal intake. 4. The ash weight of the femora, expressed as a percentage of the total dry weight, was unaffected by calcium deprivation or oophorectomy alone but was significantly reduced when the two occurred together. 5. The percentage of resorption surfaces in the vertebrae tended to increase on the low calcium diet and after oophorectomy on the normal diet but decreased after oophorectomy on a low calcium diet. 6. It is concluded that oophorectomy and calcium deficiency each reduce bone mass in the adult rat but the greatest effect is seen when they are combined.

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Icariin protects against cage layer osteoporosis by intervening in steroid biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism

Animal Diseases ◽

10.1186/s44149-021-00001-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhengwang Yu ◽

Jie Huang ◽

Zhongxin Zhou

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Chinese Herb ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Steroid Biosynthesis ◽

Metabolic Pathway Analysis ◽

Effective Prevention ◽

Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium

AbstractCage layer osteoporosis (CLO) is a common bone metabolism disease in the breeding industry of China. However, effective prevention for CLO has not been developed. Icariin (ICA), the main bioactive component of the Chinese herb Epimedium, has been shown to have good therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases. In this study, the effects of ICA were further evaluated in a low-calcium diet-induced CLO, and a serum metabolomics assay was performed to understand the underlying mechanisms. A total of 144 31-wk-old Lohmann pink-shell laying hens were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 6 replicates of 6 hens per replicate. The 4 dietary treatment groups consisted of a basal diet (3.5% calcium), a low-calcium diet (2.0% calcium), and a low-calcium diet supplemented with 0.5 or 2.0 g/kg ICA. The results showed that ICA exerted good osteoprotective effects on low-calcium diet-induced CLO. ICA significantly increased femur bone mineral density, improved bone microstructure, decreased bone metabolic level, and upregulated mRNA expression of bone formation genes in femoral bone tissue. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that 8 metabolite levels were significantly changed after ICA treatment, including increased contents of 7-dehydrocholesterol, 7-oxocholesterol, desmosterol, PC (18:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)), PS (18:0/18:1(9Z)), N,N-dimethylaniline and 2-hydroxy-butanoic acid and decreased N2,N2-dimethylguanosine. Metabolic pathway analysis based on the above 8 metabolites indicated that ICA mainly perturbed steroid biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism. These findings suggest that ICA can effectively prevent bone loss in low-calcium diet-induced CLO by mediating steroid biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism and provide new information for the regulation of bone metabolic diseases.

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Low-calcium diet increases blood pressure and alters peripheral but not central angiotensin II binding sites in rats

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/00004872-198905000-00012 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 423-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Samarendra N. Baksi ◽

Raymond H. Abhold ◽

Robert C. Speth

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Angiotensin Ii ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium

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Effects of clomiphene and tamoxifen in vivo on the bone-resorbing effects of parathyroid hormone and of high oral doses of calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3) in rats with intact ovarian function consuming low calcium diet

Bone and Mineral ◽

10.1016/0169-6009(90)90104-n ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 185-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. Goulding ◽

E. Gold ◽

L. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium ◽

Oral Doses

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Control of Chronic Respiratory Disease. IV. The Effect of a Low-Calcium Diet and High Concentrations of Chlortetracycline on the Isolation of Mycoplasma from Experimentally Infected Chicks

Avian Diseases ◽

10.2307/1587856 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. O. Heishman ◽

N. O. Olson ◽

C. J. Cunningham

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Disease ◽

Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽

Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium ◽

High Concentrations

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Correction: The 18 kDa Translocator Protein (Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor) Expression in the Bone of Normal, Osteoprotegerin or Low Calcium Diet Treated Mice

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/annotation/a7585d21-c427-498e-936e-5a548fe113bf ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Winnie Wai-Ying Kam ◽

Steven R. Meikle ◽

Hong Zhou ◽

Yu Zheng ◽

Julie M. Blair ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Benzodiazepine Receptor ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Translocator Protein ◽

Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor ◽

Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium

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Distribution of resorption processes in the compacta and spongiosa of bones from lactating rats fed a low-calcium diet

Bone ◽

10.1016/8756-3282(88)90034-8 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 215-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

E. Lozupone ◽

A. Favia

Keyword(s):

Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium

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Intestinal Resistance to 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D in Mice Heterozygous for the Vitamin D Receptor Knockout Allele

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2006-1109 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 148 (3) ◽

pp. 1396-1402 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Yurong Song ◽

James C. Fleet

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Receptor ◽

Time Course ◽

Transient Receptor Potential ◽

Gene Knockout ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Wild Type ◽

Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium Diet ◽

Low Calcium

We tested the hypothesis that low vitamin D receptor (VDR) level causes intestinal vitamin D resistance and intestinal calcium (Ca) malabsorption. To do so, we examined vitamin D regulated duodenal Ca absorption and gene expression [transient receptor potential channel, vallinoid subfamily member 6 (TRPV6), 24-hydroxylase, calbindin D9k (CaBP) mRNA, and CaBP protein] in wild-type mice and mice with reduced tissue VDR levels [i.e. heterozygotes for the VDR gene knockout (HT)]. Induction of 24-hydroxylase mRNA levels by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2 D3] injection was significantly reduced in the duodenum and kidney of HT mice in both time-course and dose-response experiments. TRPV6 and CaBP mRNA levels in duodenum were significantly induced after 1,25(OH)2 D3 injection, but there was no difference in response between wild-type and HT mice. Feeding a low-calcium diet for 1 wk increased plasma PTH, renal 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) mRNA level, and plasma 1,25(OH)2 D3, and this response was greater in HT mice (by 88, 55, and 37% higher, respectively). In contrast, duodenal TRPV6 and CaBP mRNA were not higher in HT mice fed the low-calcium diet. However, the response of duodenal Ca absorption and CaBP protein to increasing 1,25(OH)2 D3 levels was blunted by 40% in HT mice. Our data show that low VDR levels lead to resistance of intestinal Ca absorption to 1,25(OH)2 D3, and this resistance may be due to a role for the VDR (and VDR level) in the translation of CaBP.

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