Effect of dietary flaxseed on fatty acid composition, superoxide, nitric oxide generation and antilisterial activity of peritoneal macrophages from female Sprague-Dawley rats

Life Sciences ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma S. Babu ◽  
V.Kelly Bunning ◽  
Paddy Wiesenfeld ◽  
Richard B. Raybourne ◽  
Michael O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals Relationship between abnormal sperm morphology induced by dietary zinc deficiency and lipid composition in testes of growing rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystal J. Merrells ◽  
Heather Blewett ◽  
Jennifer A. Jamieson ◽  
Carla G. Taylor ◽  
Miyoung Suh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Sprague Dawley

The present study investigated the effect of dietary Zn deficiency during sexual maturation on sperm integrity and testis phospholipid fatty acid composition. Male weanling Sprague–Dawley rats were randomised into four dietary groups for 3 weeks: Zn control (ZC; 30 mg Zn/kg); Zn marginally deficient (ZMD; 9 mg Zn/kg); Zn deficient (ZD; < 1 mg Zn/kg); pair fed (PF; 30 mg Zn/kg) to the ZD group. Morphology of cauda epididymal sperm and lipid profiles of testis phospholipids were analysed. The rats fed the ZD diet had a lower testis weight (P < 0·02). Seminal vesicles and prostate weight were also lower in the ZD and PF groups. Rats fed the ZD diet, but not the ZMD diet, had 34–35 % more abnormal spermatozoa and 24 % shorter sperm tail length than the ZC and PF rats (P < 0·001). Testis cholesterol concentration was higher in the ZD rats compared with the ZC and PF rats (P < 0·04). Testes were highly enriched with n-6 fatty acids by showing n-6 : n-3 fatty acid ratios of 27:1 in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and 23:1 in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The dominant fatty acid in testes was docosapentaenoic acid (22 : 5n-6), comprising 15 and 24 % of PC and PE, respectively. This fatty acid was significantly lower in the ZD rats, whereas 18 : 2n-6 was higher compared with the rats in the other diet groups. These results demonstrate that severe Zn deficiency adversely affects sperm integrity and modulates testis fatty acid composition by interrupting essential fatty acid metabolism. This suggests that Zn deficiency-associated abnormal testicular function is perhaps preceded by altered membrane fatty acid composition, especially of a major fatty acid, 22 : 5n-6.

Modification of the fatty acid composition of murine thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIP C. CALDER ◽  
DAVID J. HARVE ◽  
SIAMON GORDON ◽  
ERIC A. NEWSHOLME
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages

Nitric oxide affects seed oil accumulation and fatty acid composition through protein S-nitrosation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Xiao-yi Zhu ◽  
Lin-Bin Deng ◽  
Hong-Fang Liu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
No Donor

Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule regulating several plant developmental and stress responses. Here, we report that NO plays an important role in seed oil content and fatty acid composition. RNAi silencing of Arabidopsis S-nitrosoglutathione reductase 1 (GSNOR1) led to reduced seed oil content. In contrast, nitrate reductase double mutant nia1nia2 had increased seed oil content, compared with wild-type plants. Moreover, the concentrations of palmitic acid (C16:0), linoleic acid (C18:2), and linolenic acid (C18:3) were higher, whereas those of stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), and arachidonic acid (C20:1) were lower, in seeds of GSNOR1 RNAi lines. Similar results were obtained with rapeseed embryos cultured in vitro with the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and the NO inhibitor NG-Nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME). Compared with non-treated embryos, the oil content decreased in SNP-treated embryos, and increased in L-NAME-treated embryos. Relative concentrations of C16:0, C18:2 and C18:3 were higher, whereas C18:1 concentration decreased in rapeseed embryos treated with SNP. Proteomics and transcriptome analysis revealed that three S-nitrosated proteins and some key genes involved in oil synthesis, were differentially regulated in SNP-treated embryos. Therefore, regulating NO content could be a novel approach to increasing seed oil content in cultivated oil crops.

scholarly journals Dietary n-6/n-3 Ratio Influences Brain Fatty Acid Composition in Adult Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Horman ◽  
Maria F. Fernandes ◽  
Maria C. Tache ◽  
Barbora Hucik ◽  
David M. Mutch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
The Brain

There is mounting evidence that diets supplemented with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can impact brain biology and functions. This study investigated whether moderately high-fat diets differing in n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio could impact fatty acid composition in regions of the brain linked to various psychopathologies. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats consumed isocaloric diets (35% kcal from fat) containing different ratios of linoleic acid (n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (n-3) for 2 months. It was found that the profiles of PUFA in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus reflected the fatty acid composition of the diet. In addition, region-specific changes in saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids were detected in the hypothalamus, but not in the hippocampus or prefrontal cortex. This study in adult rats demonstrates that fatty acid remodeling in the brain by diet can occur within months and provides additional evidence for the suggestion that diet could impact mental health.

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