ON AN EASY METHOD OF POSTERIOR RHINOSCOPY.

A new method has been developed which readily offers the microscopist a possibility for both light and electron microscopic study of selected cells from the cerebrospinal fluid. Previous attempts to examine these cells in the spinal fluid at the ultrastructural level were based on modifications of cell pellet techniques developed for peripheral blood. These earlier methods were limited in application by the number of cells in spinal fluid required to obtain a sufficient size pellet and by the lack of an easy method of cellular identification between the light and electron microscopic level. The newly developed method routinely employs microscope slides coated with Siliclad and tungsten oxide for duplicate cytocentrifuge preparations of diagnostic spinal fluid specimens. Work done by Kushida and Suzuki provided a basis for our use of the metal oxide.

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Easy method of concentration of strontium isotopes from radioactive aqueous wastes for the determination of 90Sr by liquid scintillation counting. Application of Strontium EmporeTM Rad disks

Special Publications - Environmental Radiochemical Analysis III ◽

10.1039/9781847557865-00176 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 176-185

Keyword(s):

Liquid Scintillation Counting ◽

Liquid Scintillation ◽

Strontium Isotopes ◽

Scintillation Counting ◽

Easy Method

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Indirect Determination of Amikacin by Gold Nanoparticles as Redox Probe

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201817666200719005919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Mansureh Alizadeh ◽

Mandana Amiri ◽

Abolfazl Bezaatpour

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽

Cathodic Peak ◽

Easy Method ◽

Peak Current ◽

Indirect Determination ◽

Tract Infections

: Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used for many gram-negative bacterial infections like infections in the urinary tract, infections in brain, lungs and abdomen. Electrochemical determination of amikacin is a challenge in electroanalysis because it shows no voltammetric peak at the surface of bare electrodes. In this approach, a very simple and easy method for indirect voltammetric determination of amikacin presented in real samples. Gold nanoparticles were electrodeposited at the surface of glassy carbon electrode in constant potential. The effect of several parameters such as time and potential of deposition, pH and scan rates on signal were studied. The cathodic peak current of Au3+ decreased with increasing amikacin concentration. Quantitative analysis of amikacin was performed using differential pulse voltammetry by following cathodic peak current of gold ions. Two dynamic linear ranges of 1.0 × 10−8–1.0 × 10-7 M and 5.0 × 10−7–1.0 × 10-3 M were obtained and limit of detection was estimated 3.0× 10−9 M. The method was successfully determined amikacin in pharmaceutical preparation and human serum. The effect of several interference in determination of amikacin was also studied.

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Synthesis of a New Dioxaspiro[bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-oxabicyclo[6.2.0]deca- 1(10),8-dien-4-one Derivative Using Some Chemical Strategies

Letters in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570178617666191116123359 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 393-402

Author(s):

Figueroa-Valverde Lauro ◽

Rosas-Nexticapa Marcela ◽

Lopez-Ramos Maria ◽

Diaz Cedillo Francisco ◽

Mateu-Armand Virginia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elemental Analysis ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

Spectroscopic Techniques ◽

Easy Method ◽

Chemical Strategies

There are several protocols for the preparation of bicyclic derivatives; however, some methods use dangerous and require special conditions. The aim of this study was to synthesize a new Dioxaspiro[ bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-oxabicyclo[6.2.0]-deca-1(10), 8-dien-4-one (compound 8). Compound 8 was prepared using some reactions such as; i) etherification, ii) reduction, iii) amidation, iv) imination and v) 2+2 addition. The chemical structure of 8 and its intermediaries were completely characterized by spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. The synthesis showed a yield of 85% for compound 8. In this study, an easy method for the preparation of compound 8 is reported.

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An Easy Efficient Method of Veterinary Drug Residue Analysis in Raw Milk by RP-HPLC-UV with Application to Raw Milk

Current Pharmaceutical Analysis ◽

10.2174/1573412915666190416115517 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 942-949

Author(s):

Lekweiri Haiba Legrae ◽

Mohamed Fadel Deida ◽

Bah Mohamed Lemine Abdellahi ◽

Mohamed Brahim Elkory ◽

Ibrahima Ndiaye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Residue Analysis ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Veterinary Drug ◽

Easy Method ◽

Rp Hplc ◽

Peak Resolution ◽

European Standards ◽

Moderate Cost ◽

Short Time

Background: This study reports an easy method of a veterinary drug investigation in raw milk, based on QuECHERS extraction followed by RP-HPLC-UV analysis. Use of this benchtop system was motivated by its availability and moderate cost relatively to other sophisticated methods such as LC-MS which are more efficient. Methods: This developed method has been optimized and then after validation according to EU legislation, it demonstrated good linearity with R²>0.997, acceptable peak resolution within a short time (<9.5 min) and good recovery of the analyzed drugs (OXY, ALZ and IVR, respectively 87.08, 99.02 and 92.01 %). Additionally, we applied the method to the analysis of cow milk, collected in Nouakchott, capital of Mauritania. Results: The obtained results indicated a mixed level of drug use according to targeted molecules. In 42% of sampled farms, the anti-parasitics IVR and ALZ were detected whereas the antibiotic OXY was detected in 50%. Conclusion: This investigation shows that 17% of the sampled farms exceeded European standards for IVR drug.

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Vital Tooth Whitening Techniques. A literature Review

Current Dentistry ◽

10.2174/2542579x02999200812130854 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 02 ◽

Author(s):

Pia Chatterjee Kirk

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissues ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Tooth Whitening ◽

Easy Method ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Dental Esthetics ◽

Total Treatment Time ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Total Treatment

Background: Vital tooth whitening has become an integral part of esthetic dentistry and remains one of the safest and most economic options today to improve dental esthetics without removing tooth structure. The tooth whitening materials have evolved into three categories: dentist-prescribed/dispensed (in office and patient home-use), and over-thecounter purchased and applied by patients. Objective: This review outlines the latest advances in dentist prescribed vital teeth whitening techniques, effects on tooth structure, soft tissues, and dental restoratives. Areas requiring additional research are also discussed. Methods: Electronic and manual literature search was conducted for key words such as tooth bleaching, and dental bleaching techniques using PubMed/MEDLINE, followed by manual selection of the studies that included whitening procedures in vital teeth. Results: The two main whitening agents are carbamide peroxide (CP) and hydrogen peroxide (HP or H2O2) whose concentration, duration of contact, and total treatment time can alter results. In addition, factors including the type of stain, and age of patient can affect results. Although whitening agents can affect tooth structure, restorative materials, and gingival tissues, the changes are temporary or can be treated using minimally invasive techniques. Conclusion: Areas requiring further research include the actual mechanism of whitening, its effect on tooth structure and restorative materials, and the development of an easy method to quantitate the degree of whitening in the dental office.

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Using body temperature and variables commonly available in the EHR to predict acute infection: a proof-of-concept study showing improved pretest probability estimates for acute COVID-19 infection among discharged emergency department patients

Diagnosis ◽

10.1515/dx-2021-0020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Carl T. Berdahl ◽

An T. Nguyen ◽

Marcio A. Diniz ◽

Andrew J. Henreid ◽

Teryl K. Nuckols ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Pretest Probability ◽

Absolute Difference ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Easy Method ◽

Concept Study ◽

Probability Estimates

Abstract Objectives Obtaining body temperature is a quick and easy method to screen for acute infection such as COVID-19. Currently, the predictive value of body temperature for acute infection is inhibited by failure to account for other readily available variables that affect temperature values. In this proof-of-concept study, we sought to improve COVID-19 pretest probability estimation by incorporating covariates known to be associated with body temperature, including patient age, sex, comorbidities, month, and time of day. Methods For patients discharged from an academic hospital emergency department after testing for COVID-19 in March and April of 2020, we abstracted clinical data. We reviewed physician documentation to retrospectively generate estimates of pretest probability for COVID-19. Using patients’ COVID-19 PCR test results as a gold standard, we compared AUCs of logistic regression models predicting COVID-19 positivity that used: (1) body temperature alone; (2) body temperature and pretest probability; (3) body temperature, pretest probability, and body temperature-relevant covariates. Calibration plots and bootstrap validation were used to assess predictive performance for model #3. Results Data from 117 patients were included. The models’ AUCs were: (1) 0.69 (2) 0.72, and (3) 0.76, respectively. The absolute difference in AUC was 0.029 (95% CI −0.057 to 0.114, p=0.25) between model 2 and 1 and 0.038 (95% CI −0.021 to 0.097, p=0.10) between model 3 and 2. Conclusions By incorporating covariates known to affect body temperature, we demonstrated improved pretest probability estimates of acute COVID-19 infection. Future work should be undertaken to further develop and validate our model in a larger, multi-institutional sample.

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Measuring antioxidant activity in yellow corn (Zea mays L.) inbreds from three different geographic regions

Applied Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1186/s13765-021-00629-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hwan-Hee Bae ◽

Gibum Yi ◽

Young Sam Go ◽

Jun Young Ha ◽

Yuchan Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Easy Method ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Kernel Color ◽

Nutritional Components ◽

Yellow Corn ◽

Corn Inbred ◽

Corn Kernels

AbstractCorn (Zea mays L.) provides a major source of calories for human consumption and therefore, the nutritional components of corn have a large impact on human health. For example, corn kernels contain antioxidants, such as polyphenols (including anthocyanins and other flavonoids) and carotenoids. Such compounds represent useful targets for biofortification breeding. In this study, we used 34 corn inbred lines from three different regions (East Asia, Southern Asia, and subtropical regions) and 11 F1 hybrids derived from the inbreds to investigate antioxidant activity in yellow corn. We compared different methods for measuring antioxidant activity to test their consistency and to determine whether color could be used as an indicator of antioxidant activity. We also measured carotenoid levels in yellow corn. No difference in antioxidant activity was detected between inbred corn lines from temperate vs. tropical regions. We determined that carotenoid is a major contributor to antioxidant activity in yellow corn and that kernel color, especially yellowness, could be used as an indicator of antioxidant activity in yellow corn. These findings lay the foundation for the biofortification of yellow corn by providing information about the correlations among kernel color, carotenoid contents, and antioxidant activity and by identifying an easy method to assess antioxidant activity in yellow corn.

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Transport Properties of Natural and Artificial Smart Fabrics Impregnated by Graphite Nanomaterial Stacks

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11041018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1018

Author(s):

Carola Esposito Corcione ◽

Francesca Ferrari ◽

Raffaella Striani ◽

Antonio Greco

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Transport Properties ◽

Low Cost ◽

Empirical Relationship ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Expandable Graphite ◽

Easy Method ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Fabric Materials ◽

The Impact

In this work, we studied the transport properties (thermal and electrical conductivity) of smart fabric materials treated with graphite nanomaterial stacks–acetone suspensions. An innovative and easy method to produce graphite nanomaterial stacks–acetone-based formulations, starting from a low-cost expandable graphite, is proposed. An original, economical, fast, and easy method to increase the thermal and electrical conductivity of textile materials was also employed for the first time. The proposed method allows the impregnation of smart fabric materials, avoiding pre-coating of the fibers, thus reducing costs and processing time, while obtaining a great increase in the transport properties. Two kinds of textiles, cotton and Lycra®, were selected as they represent the most used natural and artificial fabrics, respectively. The impact of the dimensions of the produced graphite nanomaterial stacks–acetone-based suspensions on both the uniformity of the treatment and the transport properties of the selected textile materials was accurately evaluated using several experimental techniques. An empirical relationship between the two transport properties was also successfully identified. Finally, several theoretical models were applied to predict the transport properties of the developed smart fabric materials, evidencing a good agreement with the experimental data.

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