Estimation of energy needs in the free-ranging goat with particular reference to the assessment of its energy expenditure by the 13C-bicarbonate method

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lachica ◽  
J.F. Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Comparison of Energy Expenditure Observed between Scheduled Activities in Collegiate Team-Sport Female Athletes

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Moon ◽  
Hannah A. Zabriskie ◽  
Patrick S. Harty ◽  
Bradley S. Currier ◽  
Julia C. Blumkaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Ncaa Division Ii ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Activity Energy

Energy needs of female team-sport athletes are poorly understood with no evidence highlighting differences present between scheduled activities. The purpose of this study was to examine the difference in energy expenditure between NCAA Division II female basketball (BBALL) and lacrosse (LAX) athletes during different scheduled team activities. Female BBALL (n = 13; 19.8 ± 1.3 yrs; 173.9 ± 13.6 cm; 74.6 ± 9.1kg; 27.1 ± 3.2%fat) and LAX (n = 20; 20.4 ± 1.8yrs; 168.4 ± 6.6cm; 68.8 ± 8.9kg; 27.9 ± 3.1%fat) athletes were outfitted with heart rate and activity monitors during four consecutive days on five different occasions (20 days total) across an entire academic year to assess differences in total daily activity energy expenditure (TDEE), activity energy expenditure (AEE), and physical activity level (PAL). Data were categorized by type of scheduled daily activities: Practice, Game, Conditioning, or Off. Independent of day type, TDEE, AEE, and PAL levels were greater (p < 0.05) in BBALL athletes. For each sport, TDEE, AEE, and PAL were significantly different (p < 0.05) between classified activity days. BBALL and LAX athletes experienced higher values on game days for TDEE, AEE, and PAL, with the lowest values experienced on off days. In conclusion, calculated levels of TDEE, AEE, and PAL in female collegiate BBALL and LAX athletes were determined to be different, irrespective of the scheduled activity.

scholarly journals Nutritional demands in acute and chronic illness

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary A. Richardson ◽  
H. Isobel M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Effective Treatment Modality ◽  
The Individual

Common to both acute and chronic disease are disturbances in energy homeostasis, which are evidenced by quantitative and qualitative changes in dietary intake and increased energy expenditure. Negative energy balance results in loss of fat and lean tissue. The management of patients with metabolically-active disease appears to be simple; it would involve the provision of sufficient energy to promote tissue accretion. However, two fundamental issues serve to prevent nutritional demands in disease being met. The determination of appropriate energy requirements relies on predictive formulae. While equations have been developed for critically-ill populations, accurate energy prescribing in the acute setting is uncommon. Only 25–32% of the patients have energy intakes within 10% of their requirements. Clearly, the variation in energy expenditure has led to difficulties in accurately defining the energy needs of the individual. Second, the acute inflammatory response initiated by the host can have profound effects on ingestive behaviour, but this area is poorly understood by practising clinicians. For example, nutritional targets have been set for specific disease states, i.e. pancreatitis 105–147 KJ (25–35 kcal)/kg; chronic liver disease 147–168 kj (35–40 kcl)/kg, but given the alterations in gut physiology that accompany the acute-phase response, targets are unlikely to be met. In cancer cachexia attenuation of the inflammatory response using eicosapentaenoic acid results in improved nutritional intake and status. This strategy poses an attractive proposition in the quest to define nutritional support as a clinically-effective treatment modality in other disorders.

scholarly journals Validating accelerometry-derived proxies of energy expenditure using the doubly-labelled water method in the smallest penguin species

Biology Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. bio.055475
Author(s):  
G. J. Sutton ◽  
J. A. Botha ◽  
J. R. Speakman ◽  
J. P. Y. Arnould
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Specific Energy Expenditure ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding energy use is central to understanding an animal's physiological and behavioural ecology. However, directly measuring energy expenditure in free-ranging animals is inherently difficult. The doubly-labelled water (DLW) method is widely used to investigate energy expenditure in a range of taxa. Although reliable, DLW data collection and analysis is both financially costly and time consuming. Dynamic body acceleration (e.g. VeDBA) calculated from animal-borne accelerometers has been used to determine behavioural patterns, and is increasingly being used as a proxy for energy expenditure. Still its performance as a proxy for energy expenditure in free-ranging animals is not well established and requires validation against established methods. In the present study, the relationship between VeDBA and the at-sea metabolic rate calculated from DLW was investigated in little penguins (Eudyptula minor) using three approaches. Both in a simple correlation and activity-specific approaches were shown to be good predictors of at-sea metabolic rate. The third approach using activity-specific energy expenditure values obtained from literature did not accurately calculate the energy expended by individuals. However, all three approaches were significantly strengthened by the addition of mean horizontal travel speed. These results provide validation for the use of accelerometry as a proxy for energy expenditure and show how energy expenditure may be influenced by both individual behaviour and environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Energy Expenditure of Free-Ranging Chicks of the Cape GannetMorus capensis

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
René A. Navarro ◽  
Ralf H. E. Mullers ◽  
Haro A. J. Meijer ◽  
Les G. Underhill
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Free Ranging

Energy Balance in Huntington's Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Cecilia Gil Polo ◽  
Esther Cubo Delgado ◽  
Ana Mateos Cachorro ◽  
Jéssica Rivadeneyra Posadas ◽  
Natividad Mariscal Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Total Functional Capacity

Introduction: Little is known about the energy needs in Huntington's disease (HD). The aims of this study are to analyze and compare the total energy expenditure (TEE) and energy balance (EB) in a representative sample of HD patients with healthy controls. Methods: This is an observational, case-control single-center study. Food caloric energy intake (EI) and TEE were considered for estimating EB. A dietary recall questionnaire was used to assess the EI. TEE was computed as the sum of resting energy expenditure (REE), measured by indirect calorimetry and physical activity (PA) monitored by an actigraph. Results: A total of 22 patients were included (36% men, mean age 50.3 ± 15.6 years, motor Unified Huntington's Disease Scale 27.9 ± 23.7, total functional capacity 11.0 (7.0-13.0), EI 38.6 ± 10.0 kcal/kg, PA 5.3 (3.0-7.4) kcal/kg, REE 30.9 ± 6.4 kcal/kg, TEE 2,023.4 (1,592.0-2,226.5) kcal/day) and 18 controls (50% men, mean age 47.4 ± 13.8 years, EI 38.6 ± 10.3 kcal/kg, PA 8.4 (5.0-13.8) kcal/kg, REE 30.8 ± 6.6 kcal/kg, TEE 2,281.0 (2,057.3-2,855.3) kcal/day). TEE was significantly lower in patients compared to controls (p = 0.03). PA was lower in patients compared to controls (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Although patients with HD appeared to have lower energy expenditure, mainly due to decreased voluntary PA, they were still able to maintain their energy needs with an adequate food intake.

scholarly journals Effect of infection on energy requirements of infants and children

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (7a) ◽  
pp. 1187-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cutberto Garza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Infants And Young Children ◽  
Quantitative Nature

AbstractThis is a brief review of the effects of infection and other forms of stress on the energy needs of infants and young children. The results of studies estimating energy expenditure in infants and young children during illness and convalescence were evaluated. Expectations that energy expenditure is influenced by the severity of illness, nutritional status, the nature of the illness, the presence and intensity of ‘catch-up growth,’ and the stage of convalescence are generally supported by the literature. The qualitative or quantitative nature of responses, however, are not uniform for diverse illnesses in children in diverse planes of nutritional adequacy.

Canadian recommendations underestimate energy needs of women over fifty years as determined by doubly-labelled water

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 631-635
Author(s):  
Crystal H Kaczkowski ◽  
Peter JH Jones ◽  
Jian Ying Feng ◽  
Henry S Bayley
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Population Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Light Activity

Accurate estimations of energy requirements at the population level are crucial because of disease processes associated with energy imbalance. The present objective was to compare energy expenditure with existing Recommended Nutrient Intakes for Canadians (RNIC) and determine whether the RNIC provides a true index of energy requirement in middle-aged and elderly Canadian women. A second objective was to compare energy expenditure and the RNIC to Food and Agriculture Organization, World Health Organization, United Nations University (FAO/WHO/UNU) predictions. Seventy-six women were recruited for the study (67.3 ± 11.5 y, 63 ± 11.7 kg, BMI 24.8 ± 4.4 kg·m-2). The two-point doubly-labelled water (DLW) method was used over 13 days to assess energy expenditure while subjects carried out their routine activities. Subjects were stratified to enable age specific requirements for middle-aged and elderly women. At weight maintenance, energy needs were underestimated using the RNIC (7.1 ± 1.6 MJ·d-1, 1698 ± 391 kcal·d-1) compared to total energy expenditure (10.0 ± 3.2 MJ·d-1, 2395 ± 746 kcal·d-1) as determined by DLW as a whole and for each age group. The RNIC recommendations were lower than the FAO/WHO/UNU estimations even for light activity. Results indicate that mean energy expenditure was 29% greater than the RNIC recommendations created using formulas based on age and weight, whereas the FAO/WHO/ UNU estimations closely approximated energy expenditure based on heavy activity in women 49-79 y and light activity in women over 80 y old. These data suggest a systematic underestimation of Canadian energy recommendations for women.Key words: energy expenditure, doubly-labelled water, energy intake, dietary assessment, humans.

scholarly journals Energy Availability in Male and Female Elite Wheelchair Athletes over Seven Consecutive Training Days

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Egger ◽  
Joelle Leonie Flueck
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Wheelchair Athletes ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Exercise Energy Expenditure ◽  
And Training

Background: Low energy availability (LEA) is a major problem as athletes often restrict their energy intake. It has been shown that LEA occurs often in female and endurance athletes and in athletes from weight-sensitive or aesthetic sports. The purpose of this study was to investigate energy availability (EA) in elite wheelchair athletes. Methods: Fourteen elite wheelchair athletes (8 males; 6 females) participated. Data were collected using a weighed seven-day food and training diary to estimate energy intake and exercise energy expenditure. Resting energy expenditure and body composition were measured, whereas energy balance (EB) was calculated. Results: Measured over 7 days, EA was significantly different (36.1 ± 6.7 kcal kg−1 FFM day−1) in male compared to female (25.1 ± 7.1 kcal kg−1 FFM day−1) athletes (p < 0.001). From all analyzed days, LEA occurred in 73% of the days in female athletes and in 30% of the days in male athletes. EB was positive in male athletes (+169.1 ± 304.5 kcal) and negative (−288.9 ± 304.8 kcal) in female athletes. Conclusions: A higher prevalence of LEA was found in female compared to male athletes. A higher energy intake would be recommended to meet energy needs and to maximize training adaptation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document