Nosological validity of dysthymia. Part II: familial, comorbidity, biological and psychological data

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Waintraub ◽  
JD Guelfi
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Familial Relationship ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Depressive Personality ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryIf some recent studies seem to reveal a more specific familial relationship for dysthymia in addition to a previously known familial relationship to mood disorders, and if results concerning the relationship between dysthymia and depressive personality as well as the search for possible biological and psychological correlates support the nosological validity of dysthymia, comorbidity studies raise difficult questions. Both comorbidity studies with Axis I and Axis II disorders challenge the validity of dysthymia, but as well they question the categorical model presently in use more than the validity of a definite category.However, there are now enough data confirming some of the hypotheses implied by the nosological construct of dysthymia inside this model for this category not to be discarded. For instance, dysthymia is definitely not a personality disorder, and appears also distinct from major depression. The problem of the complex nature of the relationship between dysthymia and major depression still remains unsolved.

scholarly journals Age of Onset of Mood Disorders and Complexity of Personality Traits

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ostacoli ◽  
M. Zuffranieri ◽  
M. Cavallo ◽  
A. Zennaro ◽  
I. Rainero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Recursive Partitioning ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the link between the age of onset of mood disorders and the complexity of the personality traits. Methods. 209 patients with major depressive or manic/hypomanic episodes were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis I diagnoses and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III). Results. 17.2% of the patients had no elevated MCMI-III scores, 45.9% had one peak, and 36.9% had a complex personality disorder with two or more elevated scores. Mood disorders onset of 29 years or less was the variable most related to the complexity of personality disorders as indicated from a recursive partitioning analysis. Conclusions. The relationship between mood disorders and personality traits differ in reference to age of onset of the mood disorder. In younger patients, maladaptive personality traits can evolve both in a mood disorder onset and in a complex personality disorder, while the later development of a severe mood disorder can increase the personality symptomatology. Our results suggest a threshold of mood disorder onset higher compared to previous studies. Maladaptive personality traits should be assessed not only during adolescence but also in young adults to identify and treat potential severe mood disorders.

Suicidal Behavior in Patients with Adjustment Disorders

Crisis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kryzhanovskaya ◽  
Randolph Canterbury
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Adjustment Disorders ◽  
Involuntary Hospitalization ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
The Past ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Axis I

Summary: This retrospective study characterizes the suicidal behavior in 119 patients with Axis I adjustment disorders as assessed by psychiatrists at the University of Virginia Hospital. Results indicated that 72 patients (60.5%) had documented suicide attempts in the past, 96% had been suicidal during their admission to the hospital, and 50% had attempted suicide before their hospitalization. The most commonly used method of suicide attempts was overdosing. Of the sample group with suicide attempts in the past, 67% had Axis II diagnoses of borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder. Adjustment disorder diagnosis in patients with the suicide attempts was associated with a high level of suicidality at admission, involuntary hospitalization and substance-abuse disorders. Axis II diagnoses in patients with adjustment disorders constituted risk factors for further suicidal behavior. Additional future prospective studies with reliability checks on diagnosis of adjustment disorders and suicidal behavior are needed.

scholarly journals Family History Study of the Familial Coaggregation of Borderline Personality Disorder With Axis I and Nonborderline Dramatic Cluster Axis II Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Zanarini ◽  
Leah K. Barison ◽  
Frances R. Frankenburg ◽  
D. Bradford Reich ◽  
James I. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Axis I

International research on social withdrawal

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S23-S23
Author(s):  
A.R. Teo
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment ◽  
Loneliness Scale ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Depressive Personality

IntroductionSince the 1990s the term “Hikikomori” has emerged as a way to describe a modern form of severe social withdrawal first described in Japan. Recently, there have been increasing reports of Hikikomori around the globe.ObjectivesTo describe operationalized research criteria for Hikikomori, as well as epidemiologic, diagnostic, and psychosocial features of the Hikikomori in international settings.MethodsParticipants were recruited from sites in India, Japan, Korea, and the US. Hikikomori was defined as a six-month or longer period of spending almost all time at home and avoiding social situations and social relationships, associated with significant distress/impairment. Lifetime history of psychiatric diagnosis was determined by the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Axis-I and Axis-II Disorders. Additional measures included the Internet Addiction Test, UCLA Loneliness Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6), and Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS).ResultsThirty-six participants meeting diagnostic criteria for Hikikomori were identified, with cases detected in all four countries. Avoidant personality disorder (41%), major depressive disorder (32%), paranoid personality disorder (32%), social anxiety disorder (27%), posttraumatic stress disorder (27%), and depressive personality disorder (27%) were the most common diagnoses. Sixty-eight percent had at least two psychiatric diagnoses. Individuals with Hikikomori had high levels of loneliness (UCLA Loneliness Scale M = 55.4, SD = 10.5), limited social networks (LSNS-6 M = 9.7, SD = 5.5), and moderate functional impairment (SDS M = 16.5, SD = 7.9).ConclusionsHikikomori exists cross-nationally and can be assessed with a standardized assessment tool. Individuals with Hikikomori have substantial psychosocial impairment and disability, and a history of multiple psychiatric disorders is common.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

Obesity and psychopathology. A study of psychiatric comorbidity among patients attending a specialist obesity unit

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Carpiniello ◽  
Federica Pinna ◽  
Gianluca Pillai ◽  
Valentina Nonnoi ◽  
Enrica Pisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

SummaryAims – The study aims to evaluate the frequency of association between Axis I and II disorders according to DSMIVTR criteria and obesity, and use of mental health services in a clinical sample of patients attending a centre for the diagnosis and treatment of Obesity. Methods – 150 consecutive patients (32 Males, 118 females, mean age 44.614.3 yrs; mean BMI 35.46.2) were interviewed by means of SCID I and SCID II. Results – Lifetime Prevalence of Axis I disorders was 58% (males 50%; females 61%); the highest prevalence rate was found for Anxiety Disorders (approx 35%), whilst 30% of subjects were affected by Mood disorders, chiefly Major Depression (20%), and 18% by Eating Disorders. 28% of obese patients presented a Personality Disorder, 23% of patients being affected both by an Axis I and Axis II disorder. Mood Disorders, in particular Major Depression, were significantly prevalent among female obese. 50% of females and approx 37% males included in the sample had contacted mental health units for treatment. Conclusion – Data obtained in the present study confirm the high prevalence rates of mental disorders in obese patients seeking treatment. Specialist units should therefore include thorough psychiatric evaluation of patients as a routine practice.Declaration of Interest: The study was supported by a research grant by University of Cagliari (ex 60% funding, financial year 2006); the authors declare no conflict of interest.

The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in an Italian population

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ronchi ◽  
M Abbruzzese ◽  
S Erzegovesi ◽  
G Diaferia ◽  
G Sciuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThis study presents the clinical and demographic characteristics of a sample of 131 patients, who met DSM III-R criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Our aim was to compare our epidemiological data with non-European research, and to investigate the relationship between OCD symptoms and other clinical features, ie other Axis I concomitant disturbances, personality disorders (Axis II) and family history. Furthermore, we evaluated the age at onset distribution according to sex, family history and presence/absence of a comorbid diagnosis of mood disorder, by means of survival analysis.

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