scholarly journals Age of Onset of Mood Disorders and Complexity of Personality Traits

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ostacoli ◽  
M. Zuffranieri ◽  
M. Cavallo ◽  
A. Zennaro ◽  
I. Rainero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Recursive Partitioning ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the link between the age of onset of mood disorders and the complexity of the personality traits. Methods. 209 patients with major depressive or manic/hypomanic episodes were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis I diagnoses and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III). Results. 17.2% of the patients had no elevated MCMI-III scores, 45.9% had one peak, and 36.9% had a complex personality disorder with two or more elevated scores. Mood disorders onset of 29 years or less was the variable most related to the complexity of personality disorders as indicated from a recursive partitioning analysis. Conclusions. The relationship between mood disorders and personality traits differ in reference to age of onset of the mood disorder. In younger patients, maladaptive personality traits can evolve both in a mood disorder onset and in a complex personality disorder, while the later development of a severe mood disorder can increase the personality symptomatology. Our results suggest a threshold of mood disorder onset higher compared to previous studies. Maladaptive personality traits should be assessed not only during adolescence but also in young adults to identify and treat potential severe mood disorders.

Nosological validity of dysthymia. Part II: familial, comorbidity, biological and psychological data

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Waintraub ◽  
JD Guelfi
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Familial Relationship ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Depressive Personality ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryIf some recent studies seem to reveal a more specific familial relationship for dysthymia in addition to a previously known familial relationship to mood disorders, and if results concerning the relationship between dysthymia and depressive personality as well as the search for possible biological and psychological correlates support the nosological validity of dysthymia, comorbidity studies raise difficult questions. Both comorbidity studies with Axis I and Axis II disorders challenge the validity of dysthymia, but as well they question the categorical model presently in use more than the validity of a definite category.However, there are now enough data confirming some of the hypotheses implied by the nosological construct of dysthymia inside this model for this category not to be discarded. For instance, dysthymia is definitely not a personality disorder, and appears also distinct from major depression. The problem of the complex nature of the relationship between dysthymia and major depression still remains unsolved.

scholarly journals Lifetime co-morbidities between social phobia and mood disorders in the US National Comorbidity Survey

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. KESSLER ◽  
P. STANG ◽  
H.-U. WITTCHEN ◽  
M. STEIN ◽  
E. E. WALTERS
Keyword(s):  
Social Phobia ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
National Comorbidity Survey ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
Subsequent Onset

Background. General population data were used to study co-morbidities between lifetime social phobia and mood disorders.Methods. Data come from the US National Comorbidity Survey (NCS).Results. Strong associations exist between lifetime social phobia and major depressive disorder (odds ratio 2·9), dysthymia (2·7) and bipolar disorder (5·9). Odds ratios increase in magnitude with number of social fears. Reported age of onset is earlier for social phobia than mood disorders in the vast majority of co-morbid cases. Temporally-primary social phobia predicts subsequent onset of mood disorders, with population attributable risk proportions of 10–15%. Social phobia is also associated with severity and persistence of co-morbid mood disorders.Conclusions. Social phobia is a commonly occurring, chronic and seriously impairing disorder that is seldom treated unless it occurs in conjunction with another co-morbid condition. The adverse consequences of social phobia include increased risk of onset, severity and course of subsequent mood disorders. Early outreach and treatment of primary social phobia might not only reduce the prevalence of this disorder itself, but also the subsequent onset of mood disorders.

Comorbidity of dsm-iii-r personality disorders in schizophrenic and unipolar mood disorders: a comparative study

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Oulis ◽  
L Lykouras ◽  
J Hatzimanolis ◽  
V Tomaras
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Patient Groups

SummaryWe investigated the overall prevalence and the differential comorbidity of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-III-R personality disorders in 166 remitted or recovered patients with schizophrenic (n = 102) or unipolar mood disorder (n = 64). Over 60% of both patient groups met the DSM-III-R criteria of at least one DSM-III-R personality disorder as assessed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-II-R), receiving on average 3.1 personality diagnoses. Neither DSM-III-R categories of personality disorders, nor scores on its three clusters A, B and C, nor total score on SCID-II-R differed significantly across the two groups. In conclusion, DSM-III-R personality disorders, although highly prevalent in schizophrenic and unipolar mood disorders, lack any specificity with respect to these categories of mental disorders.

Personality and Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Joel Paris
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Affective Instability

Personality traits differ among normal people, and one should only diagnose a personality disorder (PD) in the presence of a clear-cut impairment of functioning. Most of these disorders lie on a spectrum with traits, but those that cause prominent symptoms present more often in psychiatry The most clinically important category of PD is borderline personality disorder (BPD), but this condition is widely underdiagnosed. Since these patients often present with depression and/or affective instability, clinicians often see them as suffering from mood disorders, and treat them unsuccessfully with antidepressants. However, this population, which shows repetitive suicidal behavior, needs to be correctly diagnosed to be referred for specialized psychotherapy.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Impairment to Personality Disorder Severity Among Individuals with Specific Axis I Disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila J. Pulay ◽  
Deborah A. Dawson ◽  
W. June Ruan ◽  
Roger P. Pickering ◽  
Boji Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Axis I Disorders ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescent Personality Disorder Symptoms Mediate the Relationship Between Perceived Parental Behavior and Axis I Symptomatology

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Johnson ◽  
John F. Quigley ◽  
Martin F. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Adolescent Personality

Social adjustment and self-esteem in remitted patients with mood disorders

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Serretti ◽  
MC Cavallini ◽  
F Macciardi ◽  
C Namia ◽  
L Franchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Social Adjustment Scale

SummaryMood disorders are characterized by manic and depressive episodes alternating with normal mood. While social function is heavily impaired during episodes of illness, there are conflicting opinions about inter-episode function. The present paper focuses on self-esteem and social adjustment in remitted mood disorders patients.Patients with mood disorders (99 bipolar and 86 major depressive subjects, in remission) were compared with a group of 100 control subjects. The self-esteem scale (SES) and the social adjustment scale (SAS) were used to measure self-esteem and social adjustment, respectively, in both groups of subjects.Patients with mood disorder exhibited worse social adjustment and lower self-esteem than control subjects.These results strongly confirm previous observations of poor inter-episode function in patients with mood disorder.

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents - Personality Traits in the Adolescents and in the Parents

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
V. Ramos ◽  
I. Leal ◽  
J. Maroco
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Personality Styles ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Research Goal

The research goal is to describe and characterize the psychological dynamics of the adolescents diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and their parents, observing the dominant personality styles in adolescents with BPD and the personality traits of the parents (mother and father).Considering that recent studies underline the importance of family interactions in the pathogenesis of BPD we will analyze the relation between personality characteristics of the adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder and the parents’ personality traits.The exploratory and comparative study has a sample comprised of 21 adolescents (11 boys and 10 girls) with ages between 16 and 18 years old, observed in child mental health services and 34 parents (N = 55).Adolescents will be assessed with the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI) and the parents with the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III).The results showed that the parents obtained high mean scores in the Compulsive and Narcissistic Personality Traits. the adolescents showed high mean scores on the Unruly, Forceful and Egotistic personality styles scales.The studies on BPD have some limitations, namely the fact that they normally observe the adult population, with fewer research dedicated to adolescents.We consider that there is a need to search for the aetiological factors of the disorder and possible developmental patterns and if it is a personality disorder research should look to the personality traits of the adolescents and to their relational environment as a way to overcome those limitations.

scholarly journals Transcription factor motifs associated with anterior insula gene-expression underlying mood disorder phenotypes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhivya Arasappan ◽  
Simon B. Eickhoff ◽  
Charles B Nemeroff ◽  
Hans A. Hofmann ◽  
Mbemba Jabbi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Anterior Insula ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Homeostatic Control ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Axis I

ABSTRACTBackgroundMood disorders represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide but the brain-related molecular pathophysiology in mood disorders remains largely undefined.MethodsBecause the anterior insula is reduced in volume in patients with mood disorders, RNA was extracted from postmortem mood disorder samples and compared with unaffected control samples for RNA-sequencing identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in a) bipolar disorder (BD; n=37) versus (vs.) controls (n=33), and b) major depressive disorder (MDD n=30) vs controls, and c) low vs. high Axis-I comorbidity (a measure of cumulative psychiatric disease burden). Given the regulatory role of transcription factors (TFs) in gene expression via specific-DNA-binding domains (motifs), we used JASPAR TF binding database to identify TF-motifs.ResultsWe found that DEGs in BD vs. controls, MDD vs. controls, and high vs. low Axis-I comorbidity were associated with TF-motifs that are known to regulate expression of toll-like receptor genes, cellular homeostatic-control genes, and genes involved in embryonic, cellular/organ and brain development.DiscussionRobust imaging-guided transcriptomics (i.e., using meta-analytic imaging results to guide independent post-mortem dissection for RNA-sequencing) was applied by targeting the gray matter volume reduction in the anterior insula in mood disorders, to guide independent postmortem identification of TF motifs regulating DEG. TF motifs were identified for immune, cellular, embryonic and neurodevelopmental processes.ConclusionOur findings of TF-motifs that regulate the expression of immune, cellular homeostatic-control, and developmental genes provides novel information about the hierarchical relationship between gene regulatory networks, the TFs that control them, and proximate underlying neuroanatomical phenotypes in mood disorders.

scholarly journals The relationship between borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
The Relationship

It is clinically important to recognize both bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in patients seeking treatment for depression, and it is important to distinguish between the two. Research considering whether BPD should be considered part of a bipolar spectrum reaches differing conclusions. We reviewed the most studied question on the relationship between BPD and bipolar disorder: their diagnostic concordance. Across studies, approximately 10% of patients with BPD had bipolar I disorder and another 10% had bipolar II disorder. Likewise, approximately 20% of bipolar II patients were diagnosed with BPD, though only 10% of bipolar I patients were diagnosed with BPD. While the comorbidity rates are substantial, each disorder is nontheless diagnosed in the absence of the other in the vast majority of cases (80% to 90%). In studies examining personality disorders broadly, other personality disorders were more commonly diagnosed in bipolar patients than was BPD. Likewise, the converse is also true: other axis I disorders such as major depression, substance abuse, and post-traumatic stress disorder are also more commonly diagnosed in patients with BPD than is bipolar disorder. These findings challenge the notion that BPD is part of the bipolar spectrum.

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