G Protein-Coupled Extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+oRpar;–Sensing Receptor (CaR): Roles in Cell Signaling and Control of Diverse Cellular Functions

1999 ◽  
pp. 209-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Yamaguchi ◽  
Naibedya Chattopadhyay ◽  
Edward M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cell Signaling ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
And Control ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Diverse effects of G-protein-coupled free fatty acid receptors on the regulation of cellular functions in lung cancer cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 342 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Kita ◽  
Yui Kadochi ◽  
Kaede Takahashi ◽  
Kaori Fukushima ◽  
Eri Yamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Receptors ◽  
G Protein Coupled

scholarly journals Identification of the C3a Receptor (C3AR1) as the Target of the VGF-derived Peptide TLQP-21 in Rodent Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 288 (38) ◽  
pp. 27434-27443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastien Hannedouche ◽  
Valerie Beck ◽  
Juliet Leighton-Davies ◽  
Martin Beibel ◽  
Guglielmo Roma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Proteolytic Processing ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Human Receptor

TLQP-21, a peptide derived from VGF (non-acronymic) by proteolytic processing, has been shown to modulate energy metabolism, differentiation, and cellular response to stress. Although extensively investigated, the receptor for this endogenous peptide has not previously been described. This study describes the use of a series of studies that show G protein-coupled receptor-mediated biological activity of TLQP-21 signaling in CHO-K1 cells. Unbiased genome-wide sequencing of the transcriptome from responsive CHO-K1 cells identified a prioritized list of possible G protein-coupled receptors bringing about this activity. Further experiments using a series of defined receptor antagonists and siRNAs led to the identification of complement C3a receptor-1 (C3AR1) as a target for TLQP-21 in rodents. We have not been able to demonstrate so far that this finding is translatable to the human receptor. Our results are in line with a large number of physiological observations in rodent models of food intake and metabolic control, where TLQP-21 shows activity. In addition, the sensitivity of TLQP-21 signaling to pertussis toxin is consistent with the known signaling pathway of C3AR1. The binding of TLQP-21 to C3AR1 not only has effects on signaling but also modulates cellular functions, as TLQP-21 was shown to have a role in directing migration of mouse RAW264.7 cells.

ADAMs as mediators of EGF receptor transactivation by G protein-coupled receptors

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (1) ◽  
pp. C1-C10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhiko Ohtsu ◽  
Peter J. Dempsey ◽  
Satoru Eguchi
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Egf Receptors ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Egfr Transactivation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
G Protein Coupled

A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) is a membrane-anchored metalloprotease implicated in the ectodomain shedding of cell surface proteins, including the ligands for epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors (EGFR)/ErbB. It has been well documented that the transactivation of the EGFR plays critical roles for many cellular functions, such as proliferation and migration mediated through multiple G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Recent accumulating evidence has suggested that ADAMs are the key metalloproteases activated by several GPCR agonists to produce a mature EGFR ligand leading to the EGFR transactivation. In this review, we describe the current knowledge on ADAMs implicated in mediating EGFR transactivation. The major focus of the review will be on the possible upstream mechanisms of ADAM activation by GPCRs as well as downstream signal transduction and the pathophysiological significances of ADAM-dependent EGFR transactivation.

scholarly journals Organized cannabinoid receptor distribution in neurons revealed by super-resolution fluorescence imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Cuiping Tian ◽  
Min Diao ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor 1 ◽  
Intracellular Organization ◽  
Dynamic Movement ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in cellular functions. However, their intracellular organization is largely unknown. Through investigation of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), we discovered periodically repeating clusters of CB1 hotspots within the axons of neurons. We observed these CB1 hotspots interact with the membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS) forming a complex crucial in the regulation of CB1 signaling. Furthermore, we found that CB1 hotspot periodicity increased upon CB1 agonist application, and these activated CB1 displayed less dynamic movement compared to non-activated CB1. Our results suggest that CB1 forms periodic hotspots organized by the MPS as a mechanism to increase signaling efficacy upon activation.

scholarly journals Endolysosomal trafficking of viral G protein-coupled receptor functions in innate immunity and control of viral oncogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 2994-2999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Dong ◽  
Adam Cheng ◽  
Zhongju Zou ◽  
Yih-Sheng Yang ◽  
Rhea M. Sumpter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome System ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
And Control ◽  
G Protein Coupled

The ubiquitin-proteasome system degrades viral oncoproteins and other microbial virulence factors; however, the role of endolysosomal degradation pathways in these processes is unclear. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma, and a constitutively active viral G protein-coupled receptor (vGPCR) contributes to the pathogenesis of KSHV-induced tumors. We report that a recently discovered autophagy-related protein, Beclin 2, interacts with KSHV GPCR, facilitates its endolysosomal degradation, and inhibits vGPCR-driven oncogenic signaling. Furthermore, monoallelic loss of Becn2 in mice accelerates the progression of vGPCR-induced lesions that resemble human Kaposi’s sarcoma. Taken together, these findings indicate that Beclin 2 is a host antiviral molecule that protects against the pathogenic effects of KSHV GPCR by facilitating its endolysosomal degradation. More broadly, our data suggest a role for host endolysosomal trafficking pathways in regulating viral pathogenesis and oncogenic signaling.

scholarly journals Utility of G protein-coupled receptor 35 expression for predicting outcome in colon cancer

Tumor Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 101042831985888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haytham Ali ◽  
Manar AbdelMageed ◽  
Lina Olsson ◽  
Anne Israelsson ◽  
Gudrun Lindmark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
G Protein ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Colon Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
And Control ◽  
G Protein Coupled

The utility of mRNA and protein determinations of G protein-coupled receptor 35, that is, GPR35a (GPR35 V1) and GPR35b (GPR35 V2/3), as indicators of outcome for colon cancer patients after curative surgery was investigated. Expression levels of V1 and V2/3 GPR35, carcinoembryonic antigen and CXCL17 mRNAs were assessed in primary tumours and regional lymph nodes of 121 colon cancer patients (stage I–IV), colon cancer cell lines and control colon epithelial cells using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Expression of G protein-coupled receptor 35 was investigated by two-colour immunohistochemistry and immunomorphometry. GPR35 V2/3 mRNA, but not V1 mRNA, was expressed in colon cancer cell lines, primary colon tumours and control colon epithelial cells. Haematoxylin and eosin positive (H&E(+)), but not H&E(–), lymph nodes expressed high levels of GPR35 V2/3 mRNA ( P<0.0001). GPR35b and carcinoembryonic antigen proteins were simultaneously expressed in many colon cancer tumour cells. Kaplan–Meier and hazard ratio analysis revealed that patients with lymph nodes expressing high levels of GPR35 V2/3 mRNA and, in particular, in the group of patients with lymph nodes also expressing carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA, had a short disease-free survival time, 67 months versus 122 months at 12-year follow-up (difference: 55 months, P = 0.001; hazard ratio: 3.6, P = 0.002). In conclusion, high level expression of G protein-coupled receptor 35 V2/3 mRNA in regional lymph nodes of colon cancer patients is a sign of poor prognosis.

Ca2+ Receptor-Dependent Regulation of Cellular Functions

Physiology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
EF Nemeth
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
A Cell ◽  
G Protein Coupled

It has been supposed that a cell-surface Ca2+ receptor enables parathyroid cells to detect and respond to extracellular Ca2+. The recent cloning of a G protein-coupled Ca2+ receptor solidifies this view. Ca2+ receptors regulate the activity of various cells and provide novel molecular targets for new pharmaceuticals.

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