Abstract #244 A Comparative Study of Sputum Conversion Rate Among Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Newly Diagnosed Sputum Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
L. Sreenivasamurthy ◽  
Sindu Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Conversion

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Sputum Conversion among Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Morocco

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Bouti ◽  
Mohammed Aharmim ◽  
Karima Marc ◽  
Mouna Soualhi ◽  
Rachida Zahraoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Conversion ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background. Sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients expel infectious viable bacilli for a period following the commencement of treatment. Objective. To determine the time to sputum smear conversion and study the factors influencing it. Design. A prospective study was undertaken at our hospital in Rabat over a six-month period on a cohort of 119 sputum smear positive patients. Patients were followed up fortnightly. At each followup, specimens were collected and processed for microscopy using standard protocol. Results. 96.6% of our patients completed the study (4 deaths). Sputum conversion rate was 42% after two weeks, 73% after one month, and 95% after two months. Univariate and stepwise regression analysis showed that patients who had high smear grading, miliary, and bilateral radiologic lesions were more likely to undergo delayed sputum conversion (P<0.05). Other factors were thought to influence sputum conversion but were not statistically proven in our study. Conclusion. Since viable bacilli continue to be expelled for up to two months, infection control measures should be maintained for such a time. Patients with high smear grading, miliary, and bilateral radiologic lesions need to be monitored more closely.

scholarly journals COMPARISON THE DURATION OF SPUTUM CONVERSION IN NEW CASE SMEAR POSITIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Radita Ikapratiwi ◽  
Indah Rahmawati ◽  
Joko Mulyanto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Conversion

Tuberculosis (TB) is considered as the leading killer among infectious diseases because of bacteria resulted in a high number ofmorbidity and mortality world wide. One risk factor for tuberculosisis diabetes mellitus (DM). The prevalence of TB and DM jump together globally, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. Early and accurate diagnosis of TB cases in the enforcement is sputum smear examination. Monitoring of TB seen through sputum conversion. The purpose of this studyis to determine the duration of sputum conversion difference new case smear positive pulmonary TB patients with and without DM in hospital Prof. Dr.Margono Soekarjo (RSMS) Purwokerto. Thestudy design is observational analytic with cohort retrospective study. Sample of this study was patients who checked their health in Lung Clinis of RSMS Purwokerto obtained total sample of 44 people, consisting of 22 patients clinically diagnosed new cases smear-positive pulmonary TB with DM and 22 patients without DM in 2009 until 2012.Results of this study were analyzed using Fisher Exact Test. pvalues obtainedof 0.000 (p <0.05) (95% CI = 0,288-0,718) with relative risk 0,455. The conclusion is there were significant differences in sputum conversion time between the group of patients suffering from pulmonary uberculosis with and without DM. The conversion of sputum in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who suffered DM is longer than patients without DM. Relative risk value which is equal to 0.455 which means that patients with DM have pulmonary tuberculosis risk by 0.455 times more likely to experience delays in sputum conversion than TB patients without DM

scholarly journals TO ASSESS THE RESPONSE AND OUTCOME OF THE TB PATIENTS REGISTERED AT DTC REWA OF CENTRAL INDIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Niranjan ◽  
Sanjeev Sharma ◽  
Rohit Trivedi ◽  
Pahram Adhikari ◽  
Achala Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Sputum Conversion ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background-Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease primarily affects lungs so it known as Pulmonary TB and other tissues of the body which is known as Extra-pulmonary TB. The vast majority of TB deaths are in the developing world left untreated, Tuberculosis is treatable with a course of antibiotics. The most successful strategy to treat TB patients is DOTS. Material and Method: This is a Prospective Longitudinal  study conducted  among the patients attending DOTS center of DTC located at S.G.M.H. campus  Rewa for the Treatment  provided under of a definitive time period ( as per RNTCP, last quarter of 2014) from 1st Oct to 31st Dec 2014. Aim & Objective:  1. To observe the sputum conversion rate of study population. 2. To find out the outcome of treatment. Result: 69.92%were pulmonary tuberculosis and 30.07% was Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and sputum conversion rate of Pulmonary TB cases at the end of IP in new sputum smear positive cases was 96.66% but at the end of 5 month it was 100%. In retreatment cases Sputum Conversion rate at the end of IP was 89.28% and at the end of 5 month 92.85%.and overall treatment success rate were 90.97%.  Conclusion: At the end of treatment as per DOTS schedules sputum smear examination is mandatory to know the exact treatment cure rate.  Key words: Pulmonary, Extra-Pulmonary, Sputum Conversion, cured, Treatment completed, Defaulter etc.

scholarly journals Prevalence of primary drug resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid in newly diagnosed sputum smear positive pulmonary Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3532
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Jawahar Lal Joshi ◽  
Abdurazack Umathoor ◽  
Vishal Chopra ◽  
Komaldeep Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Probe Assay ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Primary Drug

Background: To determine the prevalence of primary drug resistance to either rifampicin or isoniazid alone or both in newly diagnosed sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Method: A prospective study 100 newly diagnosed sputum smear positive pulmonary TB patients was conducted. The patients with an age of ≥15 years and who had either not taken anti TB treatment or who had taken ATT for less than 1 month were enrolled in this study. Two sputum samples (5ml each), including one early morning sample as per the RNTCP guidelines were collected and subjected to line probe assay (LPA).Results: Out of 100 cases 6 were having resistance to both rifampicin and isoniazid, 9 has resistance to INH alone and 1 had resistance to rifampicin alone.Conclusion: The prevalence of primary drug resistance is high. For early and rapid detection of DR-TB newer modality should be used  for the detection of primary drug resistance in sputum smear positive TB patients.

scholarly journals Treatment outcome in new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients with and without immunosuppression on RNTCP regimen: a comparative observational study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Muttath ◽  
Mekkattukkunnel Andrews ◽  
Dinesa Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Background: Immune status of a patient influences the susceptibility, clinical presentation of tuberculosis and its treatment outcome. Some of the most common conditions associated with immune deficiency includes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, diabetes and chronic steroid therapy for any underlying diseases.Methods: A cohort study, enrolled patients with tuberculosis alone (n=51) and those with tuberculosis and immunosuppressed state (patients with HIV, diabetes and those on steroid therapy, n=97).Results: All patients received Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) regimen implemented through RNTCP. Among the immunosuppressed patients, 32 were HIV patients, 45 of them were diabetic and 20 received chronic steroid therapy. All immunocompetent patients (control) were totally cured but 62.5% and 88.9% of HIV and diabetic patients in the immunosuppressed group were cured. Mortality was high in the immunosuppressed group (18.75% in HIV, and 11.11% in diabetic group). The grade of sputum smear had significant influence on the treatment outcome after adjusting for death and default (p>0.05). After intensive phase, the smear conversion rate were 86.27% in the control group,37.5% in the HIV patients, 22.22% in diabetics and 55% among chronic steroid use. The mortality and cure rate among those who received treatment for diabetes mellitus is comparable with that of immunocompetent group. Treatment prolongation was required for patients in the immunosuppressed group (62.5% in HIV group, 77.7% in diabetes group and 45% in chronic steroid users group).Conclusions: Immunosuppression was a risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality among new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Prolonged DOTS regimen requires long-term close follow-up of patients who are immunocompromised.

scholarly journals Review of Organism Density and Bacteriologic Conversion of Sputum among Tuberculosis Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Adjei Osei ◽  
Anthony Enimil ◽  
Daniel Ansong ◽  
Dennis Odai Laryea ◽  
Nicholas Karikari Mensah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Acid Fast Bacillus ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Conversion

Objective. This study sought to describe the trend of sputum organism density and the rate of bacteriological conversion among smear positive TB patients assessing care at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana. Methods. We conducted a retrospective patient folder review from January 2013 to March 2016 at the KATH, a tertiary hospital in Ghana. The data was entered into Microsoft Access database and exported into STATA for analysis. We applied basic descriptive statistics to study variables. Sputum conversion rate (SCR) was estimated using the number of negative tests recorded over a period (numerator) and the number of patients reported in the same period (denominator) and expressed as a percentage. Results. A total of 278 patient records with sputum smear positive at onset were studied. Before treatment sputum density detected in smear microscopy was as follows: 1 acid-fast bacillus (+) (n=114), scanty (n=19), ++ (n=67), and +++ (n=78). We recorded sputum conversion rate of 80.90%, 94.56%, and 98.31% in the intensive, continuation, and completion phases, respectively. Conclusion. This study has shown an increasing trend in sputum conversion of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and an increasing trend in loss to follow-ups among tuberculosis patients on treatment.

Cost-effectiveness of chemotherapy for sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric De Jonghe ◽  
Christopher J. L. Murray ◽  
H. J. Chum ◽  
D. S. Nyangulu ◽  
A. Salomao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Sputum Smear and Culture Conversion Time among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Pushpa Man Shrestha ◽  
Minani Gurung ◽  
Nabin Kumar Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Sputum Conversion ◽  
Conversion Time ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Culture Conversion

Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the lungs and it may spread to other organs. Sputum smear and culture conversion are important indicators for the effectiveness of treatment and the infectivity of the patient. The present study aims to find sputum smear and culture conversion time and the factors that influence the conversion time among tuberculosis patients at National Tuberculosis Centre in Nepal. Methods: A total of 54 patients, who were diagnosed with laboratory confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and under antitubercular therapy were monitored for sputum smear and culture conversion time. The blood specimens from each patient were processed for hemoglobin, platelets, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and blood glucose levels. Patient’s clinical history, risk factors that prolong conversion time and sociodemographic information were also collected by direct interview. Results: The mean sputum smear and culture conversion were found to be 54.4 days and 45.5 days respectively. Old age, smoking habit, low body mass index value, Treatment category II, initial bacillary load and abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate values were found to be associated with long sputum conversion time. Radiographic involvement of only left lungs, presence of fewer symptoms, aged between 15-45 years, having normal weight, without smoking habit and being married, were found to be associated with short sputum conversion time. Conclusions: The sputum microscopy, old age, smoking habit, low body mass index value, treatment category II, initial bacillary load and abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate value had been found to be significantly associated with long sputum conversion time.

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