Effect of a near-zero magnetic field on development and flight of oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata)

Abstract The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) is a serious pest of agriculture that does particular damage to Gramineae crops in Asia, Europe, and Oceania. Metamorphosis is a key developmental stage in insects, although the genes underlying the metamorphic transition in M. separata remain largely unknown. Here, we sequenced the transcriptomes of five stages; mature larvae (ML), wandering (W), and pupation (1, 5, and 10 days after pupation, designated P1, P5, and P10) to identify transition-associated genes. Four libraries were generated, with 22,884, 23,534, 26,643, and 33,238 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the ML-vs-W, W-vs-P1, P1-vs-P5, and P5-vs-P10, respectively. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that genes regulating the biosynthesis of the membrane and integral components of the membrane, which includes the cuticular protein (CP), 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), and juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis, were enriched. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that DEGs were enriched in the metabolic pathways. Of these DEGs, thirty CP, seventeen 20E, and seven JH genes were differentially expressed across the developmental stages. For transcriptome validation, ten CP, 20E, and JH-related genes were selected and verified by real-time PCR quantitative. Collectively, our results provided a basis for further studies of the molecular mechanism of metamorphosis in M. separata.

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Nanosilicon enhances maize resistance against oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata) by activating the biosynthesis of chemical defenses

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146378 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 778 ◽

pp. 146378

Author(s):

Zhenyu Wang ◽

Wenqing Zhu ◽

Feiran Chen ◽

Le Yue ◽

Ying Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Defenses ◽

Mythimna Separata ◽

Maize Resistance ◽

Oriental Armyworm

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Experimental signatures of nodeless multiband superconductivity in a $$\hbox {2H-Pd}_{0.08} \hbox {TaSe}_2$$ single crystal

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92709-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chanhee Kim ◽

Dilip Bhoi ◽

Yeahan Sur ◽

Byung-Gu Jeon ◽

Dirk Wulferding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Single Crystal ◽

Zero Magnetic Field ◽

Anisotropy Ratio ◽

Strong Temperature Dependence ◽

Critical Fields ◽

Band Theory ◽

Plane Field ◽

Low Field ◽

Out Of Plane

AbstractIn order to understand the superconducting gap nature of a $$\hbox {2H-Pd}_{0.08} \hbox {TaSe}_2$$ 2H-Pd 0.08 TaSe 2 single crystal with $$T_{c} = 3.13 \text { K}$$ T c = 3.13 K , in-plane thermal conductivity $$\kappa $$ κ , in-plane London penetration depth $$\lambda _{\text {L}}$$ λ L , and the upper critical fields $$H_{c2}$$ H c 2 have been investigated. At zero magnetic field, it is found that no residual linear term $$\kappa _{0}/T$$ κ 0 / T exists and $$\lambda _{\text {L}}$$ λ L follows a power-law $$T^n$$ T n (T: temperature) with n = 2.66 at $$T \le \frac{1}{3}T_c$$ T ≤ 1 3 T c , supporting nodeless superconductivity. Moreover, the magnetic-field dependence of $$\kappa _{0}$$ κ 0 /T clearly shows a shoulder-like feature at a low field region. The temperature dependent $$H_{c2}$$ H c 2 curves for both in-plane and out-of-plane field directions exhibit clear upward curvatures near $$T_c$$ T c , consistent with the shape predicted by the two-band theory and the anisotropy ratio between the $$H_{c2}$$ H c 2 (T) curves exhibits strong temperature-dependence. All these results coherently suggest that $$\hbox {2H-Pd}_{0.08} \hbox {TaSe}_2$$ 2H-Pd 0.08 TaSe 2 is a nodeless, multiband superconductor.

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Imaging the formation and surface phase separation of the CE phase

npj Quantum Materials ◽

10.1038/s41535-021-00353-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Haibiao Zhou ◽

Qiyuan Feng ◽

Yubin Hou ◽

Masao Nakamura ◽

Yoshinori Tokura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Phase Transitions ◽

Charge Ordering ◽

Zero Magnetic Field ◽

Ferromagnetic Phase ◽

Emergent Properties ◽

Orbital Ordering ◽

Strong Electron ◽

Antiferromagnetic Correlation ◽

Ordering Transitions

AbstractThe CE phase is an extraordinary phase exhibiting the simultaneous spin, charge, and orbital ordering due to strong electron correlation. It is an ideal platform to investigate the role of the multiple orderings in the phase transitions and discover emergent properties. Here, we use a cryogenic high-field magnetic force microscope to image the phase transitions and properties of the CE phase in a Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3 thin film. In a high magnetic field, we observed a clear suppression of magnetic susceptibility at the charge-ordering insulator transition temperature (TCOI), whereas, at the Néel temperature (TN), no significant change is observed. This observation favors the scenario of strong antiferromagnetic correlation developed below TCOI but raises questions about the Zener polaron paramagnetic phase picture. Besides, we discoverd a phase-separated surface state in the CE phase regime. Ferromagnetic phase domains residing at the surface already exist in zero magnetic field and show ultra-high magnetic anisotropy. Our results provide microscopic insights into the unconventional spin- and charge-ordering transitions and revealed essential attributes of the CE phase, highlighting unusual behaviors when multiple electronic orderings are involved.

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Lower bounds for the first eigenvalue of the Laplacian with zero magnetic field in planar domains

Journal of Functional Analysis ◽

10.1016/j.jfa.2021.108999 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108999

Author(s):

Bruno Colbois ◽

Alessandro Savo

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Lower Bounds ◽

Zero Magnetic Field ◽

First Eigenvalue ◽

The First Eigenvalue ◽

Planar Domains

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Colossal anomalous Nernst effect in a correlated noncentrosymmetric kagome ferromagnet

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.abf1467 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (13) ◽

pp. eabf1467

Author(s):

T. Asaba ◽

V. Ivanov ◽

S. M. Thomas ◽

S. Y. Savrasov ◽

J. D. Thompson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Electronic Structure ◽

Theoretical Calculations ◽

Zero Magnetic Field ◽

Nernst Effect ◽

Nodal Lines ◽

Transverse Response ◽

Narrow Bands ◽

Strong Spin ◽

Anomalous Nernst Effect

The transverse voltage generated by a temperature gradient in a perpendicularly applied magnetic field, termed the Nernst effect, has promise for thermoelectric applications and for probing electronic structure. In magnetic materials, an anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) is possible in a zero magnetic field. We report a colossal ANE in the ferromagnetic metal UCo0.8Ru0.2Al, reaching 23 microvolts per kelvin. Uranium’s 5f electrons provide strong electronic correlations that lead to narrow bands, a known route to producing a large thermoelectric response. In addition, uranium’s strong spin-orbit coupling produces an intrinsic transverse response in this material due to the Berry curvature associated with the relativistic electronic structure. Theoretical calculations show that in UCo0.8Ru0.2Al at least 148 Weyl nodes, and two nodal lines, exist within 60 millielectron volt of the Fermi level. This work demonstrates that magnetic actinide materials can host strong Nernst and Hall responses due to their combined correlated and topological nature.

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Identification of 35 C-Type Lectins in the Oriental Armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12060559 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 559

Author(s):

Hao Li ◽

Fang-Fang Liu ◽

Li-Qing Fu ◽

Ze Liu ◽

Wen-Ting Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fat Body ◽

Early Stage ◽

Average Length ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Endocrine System ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Mythimna Separata ◽

Oriental Armyworm ◽

Potential Ligand ◽

Cellular Immune

Insect C-type lectins (CTLs) play vital roles in modulating humoral and cellular immune responses. The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a migratory pest that causes significant economic loss in agriculture. CTLs have not yet been systematically identified in M. separata. In this study, we first constructed a transcriptome of M. separata larvae, generating a total of 45,888 unigenes with an average length of 910 bp. Unigenes were functionally annotated in six databases: NR, GO, KEGG, Pfam, eggNOG, and Swiss-Prot. Unigenes were enriched in functional pathways, such as those of signal transduction, endocrine system, cellular community, and immune system. Thirty-five unigenes encoding C-type lectins were identified, including CTL-S1~CTL-S6 (single CRD) and IML-1~IML-29 (dual CRD). Phylogenetic analyses showed dramatic lineage-specific expansions of IMLs. Sequence alignment and structural modeling identified potential ligand-interacting residues. Real-time qPCR revealed that CTL-Ss mainly express in eggs and early stage larvae, while IMLs mainly express in mid-late-stage larvae, pupae, and adults. In naïve larvae, hemocytes, fat body, and epidermis are the major tissues that express CTLs. In larvae challenged by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, or Beauveria bassiana, the expression of different CTLs was stimulated in hemocytes, fat body and midgut. The present study will help further explore functions of M. separata CTLs.

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TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF 2D ELECTRON GAS IN AN n-InGaAs/GaAs DQW IN A VICINITY OF LOW MAGNETIC-FIELD-INDUCED HALL INSULATOR–QUANTUM HALL LIQUID TRANSITION

International Journal of Nanoscience ◽

10.1142/s0219581x07004523 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 06 (03n04) ◽

pp. 173-177

Author(s):

YU. G. ARAPOV ◽

S. V. GUDINA ◽

G. I. HARUS ◽

V. N. NEVEROV ◽

N. G. SHELUSHININA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Electron Gas ◽

Quantum Hall ◽

Zero Magnetic Field ◽

Double Quantum ◽

Ballistic Regime ◽

2D Electron Gas ◽

Double Quantum Well ◽

Liquid Transition ◽

Low Magnetic Field

The resistivity (ρ) of low mobility dilute 2D electron gas in an n- InGaAs / GaAs double quantum well (DQW) exhibits the monotonic "insulating-like" temperature dependence (dρ/dT < 0) at T = 1.8–70 K in zero magnetic field. This temperature interval corresponds to a ballistic regime (kBTτ/ħ > 0.1–3.5) for our samples, and the electron density is on an "insulating" side of the so-called B = 0 2D metal–insulator transition. We show that the observed features of localization and Landau quantization in a vicinity of the low magnetic-field-induced insulator–quantum Hall liquid transition is due to the σxy(T) anomalous T-dependence.

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