Protecting Smallholder Land Rights in Mozambique, 1997–2017: Unfinished Business?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Michael Madison Walker
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Unfinished Business ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
The Law ◽  
Land Use Rights ◽  
Rights Issues

Abstract Mozambique’s land law is notable for its intent to balance the recognition and protection of smallholder land use rights with attracting foreign and domestic investment to rural areas. However, the state’s legitimacy may be undermined through the process of recognition, as state actors and local elites circumvent the law for private gain. Walker focuses on two areas where the law has failed to protect smallholder rights: issues of women’s land rights, and the expansion of protected areas. These issues speak to the problem of recognition, revealing ways the state produces authority, but not necessarily legitimacy, in rural settings.

The Time of Dishonour: Land and Murder under Colonial Rule in the Tian Shan

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 664-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Jacquesson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Land Use Rights ◽  
False Accusations ◽  
Tian Shan

Abstract In this article I try to uncover the reasons for false accusations of murder, instigated murders, and staged murders among the Tian Shan Kyrgyz under Russian colonial rule. Towards this end, I read, contrapuntally, field data, ethnohistorical accounts, colonial statutory laws, and colonial ethnography. I argue that colonial interventions—namely, the hybrid adjudication of murders, the newly designed system of self-government, and the imposition of an arbitrary land-rights regime—correlated in unexpected ways and triggered instigated and staged murders and false accusations of murder as an extreme recourse in defence of land-use rights. I conclude by relating the particular legal setting of Russian colonial rule to its representation as “the time of dishonour.” Dans cet article j’essaie d’élucider les fausses accusations de meurtre, les meurtres prémédités et les meurtres simulés attestés parmi les Kirghiz du Tian Shan à l’époque colonial. A cette fin, j’analyse des récits ethno-historiques, les lois statutaires coloniales et les écrits des ethnographes coloniaux. Je soutiens que des interventions coloniales, telles le jugement hybride des meurtres, le système d’auto-gouvernance nouvellement introduit et la gestion ambiguë de la terre, se combinent de façon inattendue pour produire les meurtres bizarres comme ultime remède aux injustices terriennes. Dans les conclusions, je relie l’environnement légal de la domination coloniale à sa représentation comme “le temps de déshonneur.”

scholarly journals Jual Beli Tanah Dalam Hukum Tanah Atas Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli Bertingkat yang Dibuat oleh Notaris

Notaire ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Nailu Vina Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Serial Number ◽  
Agrarian Law ◽  
Customary Land ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
Land Use Rights ◽  
Legal Consequences

The deed of the purchase and sale agreement (PPJB). The deed of the sale and purchase agreement is a preliminary agreement prior to the sale and purchase of land. PPJB is used only once. If what is agreed in the PPJB has been fulfilled then the signing of the sale and purchase deed can be carried out, by signing the sale and purchase deed, the ownership of land rights has been transferred. There are still many people who think that when the PPJB is signed, there will be a transfer of land rights, even though the PPJB is not an evidence of a transfer of land rights. This thesis discusses graded PPJB or recurring PPJB made by a Notary on a plot of land based on ownership rights over land use rights of former customary land based on the quotation of the Decree of the Governor of East Java Region Serial Number I/Agr/117 XI/HM/01.G/1970 issued November 4, 1970, or uncertified land. Whether it contradicts the concept of buying and selling in agrarian law and the legal consequences of the PPAT who made the sale and purchase deed based on the graded PPJB.Keywords: Graded PPJB; Recurring PPJB: Proof of Prior Rights.Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (akta PPJB). Akta PPJB merupakan perjanjian pendahuluan sebelum diadakannya jual beli tanah. Akta PPJB digunakan untuk sekali saja, namun prakteknya masih ditemukan Akta PPJB bertingkat. Masih banyak masyarakat yang menganggap apabila sudah ada akta PPJB sudah ada peralihan hak atas tanah, padahal akta PPJB bukan bukti adanya peralihan hak atas tanah. Akta Jual Beli (AJB) yang merupakan bukti adanya peralihan hak atas tanah. AJB dibuat apabila syarat-syarat yang ada dalam akta PPJB sudah terpenuhi. Dalam tesis ini membahas tentang akta PPJB bertingkat atau akta PPJB berulang yang dibuat oleh Notaris atas sebidang tanah berdasarkan Hak Milik atas tanah Hak Pakai bekas Gogolan tidak tetap berdasarkan Kutipan Surat Keputusan Gubernur Kepala Daerah Tingkat I Jawa Timur Nomor I/Agr/117/XI/HM/01.G/1970 tertanggal 4 Nopember tahun 1970 atau tanah yang belum bersertipikat apakah akta PPJB bertingkat tersebut bertentangan dengan konsep jual beli dalam hukum tanah dan akibat hukum dari Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) membuat AJB berdasarkan akta PPJB bertingkat.Kata Kunci: PPJB Bertingkat; PPJB Berulang; Bukti Hak Lama.

scholarly journals Transfer of Land Use Rights in Rural China and Farmers’ Utility: How to Select an Optimal Payment Mode of Land Increment Income

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Lei Yan ◽  
Kairong Hong ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Transfer Price ◽  
Land Transfer ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Land Use Rights ◽  
Rights Transfer

Background: The distribution of farmers’ increment income is the key to the transfer of land use rights. This research aims to detect the optimal payment mode for the distribution of land increment income obtained by farmers in land rights transfer. Methods: The research relied on case analysis, mathematical analysis, and numerical simulation. Results: According to China’s existing payment modes for the increment income of rural collectively owned operating construction land (RCOCL), we summarized these payment modes into three: namely, lump-sum currency payment, a mixed payment of pension and lump-sum currency, and a mixed payment of dividend and lump-sum currency. If the land transfer price of RCOCL is lower than a specific value, the lump-sum currency payment will be optimal for farmers. Suppose the land transfer price is higher than this value. If the enterprise’s profit margin is higher than the pension rate of return, the mixed payment of dividend and lump-sum currency will be optimal; if not, the mixed payment of pension and lump-sum currency will be optimal. Conclusions: Differences in regions, enterprise attributes, and farmers’ characteristics will make the optimal proportion of pension or stock capital in land increment income (OPPSC) different. Generally, OPPSC is often between 40% and 60%.

scholarly journals Menneske og dyr i grenseland – om rettar, rettferd og rett ferd i utmarka

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-211
Author(s):  
Frode Flemsæter ◽  
Katrina M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Reindeer Herding ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Agricultural Diversification ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Land Use Rights ◽  
Animal Agency

In this chapter, we examine how people and animals have co-created borders, land rights and practices in outfields (utmark) in Norway. Further, we examine how this plays a part when change and increasing diversity is managed. We do this by examining conflicts arising between farmers, landowners and reindeer herders in Norway, resulting from policy imperatives towards agricultural diversification. We find that different stakeholders with rights that are relevant in this context may have different capacities to respond when valuations of outfield resources change, and that the human-animal relations in reindeer herding are having a particular impact on these capacities. We argue that the current regulatory system negotiating the interests of different stakeholders with rights struggles to comprehend or deal with issues of animal agency and mobility in reindeer-herding practices. We propose that Haraway’s concept of response-ability can be useful to help make more-than-human agency more visible, and therefore better accounted for, in the unsettling and resettling of property relations in the Norwegian outfields. This allows us to understand more precisely how human-animal relations, in our case relations between reindeer and reindeer herders, affect the responses available to the various stakeholders when land and land-use rights in the outfields are negotiated.

Ex-PTPN-II Cultivation Rights Issues and The Current Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennedy Nasib P. Sibarani ◽  
Jamaluddin Mahasari
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Limited Company ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
Land Use Rights ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
The City ◽  
Rights Issues

Abstract: Plantation Limited Company (PTPN)-II has been underway since 2002 and has been 18 years unfinished until now.  The problems faced in its settlement are not only issues of land administration but are related to various aspects. This research uses empirical methods with the description approach. The type of data used is primary and secondary data. Data collection is done by interview and a literature study with primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study are to explain and give an overview of the very long process of land settlement in the ex-PTPN-II cultivation rights in North Sumatra Province. In conclusion, it is necessary to revise Decree of the Head of the National Land Agency Number 42/HGU/BPN/2002 concerning the granting of an extension of the term of the land use rights located in the Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, Decree of the Head of the National Land Agency Number 43/HGU/BPN/2002 concerning the granting of an extension of the term of the land use rights located in the Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province, and Decree of the Head of the National Land Agency  Number 44/HGU/BPN/2002 concerning the rejection of the application for the extension of the period of the land use rights located in the city of Binjai, North Sumatra Province, respectively dated November 29, 2002. It needs to be formulated legal consensus to accelerate the completion of ex-PTPN-II cultivation rights, and the President makes a Presidential Decree, which can be the legal basis for its resolution.Intisari: Penyelesaian masalah Hak Guna Usaha (HGU) Ex. PTPN-II telah berlangsung sejak tahun 2002 dan telah 18 tahun belum selesai hingga sekarang. Masalah yang dihadapi bukan hanya masalah administrasi pertanahan tetapi terkait dengan berbagai aspek. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan studi literatur dengan materi hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan dan memberikan gambaran umum dari proses penyelesaian lahan yang sangat lama terhadap HGU ex PTPN-II di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Kesimpulannya adalah perlu untuk merevisi Keputusan Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 42 / HGU / BPN / 2002, Keputusan Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 43 / HGU / BPN / 2002, dan Keputusan Kepala Tanah Nasional Badan Nomor 44 / HGU / BPN / 2002. Perlu dirumuskan secara legal konsensus untuk mempercepat penyelesaian HGU ex-PTPN-II, dan diperlukan Keputusan Presiden, yang dapat menjadi dasar hukum untuk penyelesaiannya

scholarly journals The Impact of Sargon & Enheduanna on Land Rights in Deuteronomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Don C. Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Birth Stories ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
Land Use Rights ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Hormuzd Rassam (1826-1910) and Austen Henry Layard (1817–1894) recovered the Birth Stories of Sargon copied or composed under Sargon II (722–705 BCE). Existing studies of their intriguing parallels with the Birth Stories of Moses (Exod 1:22–2:10) emphasize shared motifs—unwanted pregnancy, secret birth. abandoned newborn, adoption by an outsider, river ordeal and protection by a divine patron. Here I am proposing that the Birth Stories of Moses parallel the Birth Stories of Sargon to compare the way Sargon and the woman Enheduanna distribute land use rights in Akkad with the way Moses and the women in Deuteronomy distribute land rights in ancient Israel.

scholarly journals Provision of Registration Services by Public Administration Agencies in the Field of Land Protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
М. В. Чорна
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Law ◽  
State Registration

The author of the article has stated that the land relations reform and the start of decentralization led to changes in the system of public administration agencies in the field of land protection and expanded their powers, for example, to provide registration services. The author has paid attention to the fact that the current Land Code of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the LC of Ukraine), in particular the Section VII “Administration in the field of land use and protection”, provides the execution of only management functions in the field of land protection by public administration agencies. It has been emphasized that there were no complex studies in Ukraine concerning theoretical and applied problems of legal regulation of service relations, in particular the provision of registration services, in the field of land protection with the participation of public administration agencies, which would be based on the current legislation. The author of the article has stated that the provision of services in the field of land protection is a new type of activity for public administration agencies in the field of land protection. Service legal relations ensure the realization of private and public interests and are formed in those areas of land use and protection management, where public and private land interests are interdependent. Thus, the owner is interested in fixing and publicly announcing his land rights in the field of state registration of land rights. But parties concerned cannot ensure their private interests without the assistance of the state. Thus, the state, represented by public administration agencies, guarantees that the state registration of land rights is in the interest of one and all. It has been noted that currently the legal regulation of service relations for the provision of registration services in the field of land protection has not been enshrined either in any general regulatory act, which is the Law of Ukraine “On Administrative Services” gated from September 6, 2012 No. 5203-VI, or in special regulatory acts, such as the LC of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On Land Protection”. Such circumstances necessitate a change in the existing approaches to the legal regulation of service relations for the provision of registration services in the current legislation and to enshrine provisions for providing the registration services in the field of land protection by public administration agencies in the LC of Ukraine, namely in the Section VII “Administration in the field of land use and protection” and in the Law of Ukraine “On Land Protection”.

scholarly journals ORANG ASING SEBAGAI SUBJEK HAK ATAS TANAH DI INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
FX. Sumarja
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Residence Permit ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Land Use Rights

This research aims at finding foreigners who may be the subject of Land Use Rights and Lease Rights for the building. The results of the study indicate: 1) Period, BAL-PP 41 of 1996, and the period of 2010 - now, foreigners who can be the subject of land rights are foreigners as the resident of Indonesia; 2) Period, PP 41 of 1996 - in 2010, foreigners who may be the subject of land rights was expanded into foreigners as both a resident of Indonesia and has a residence permit in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Kepemilikan Hak Atas Tanah dalam Perkawinan Campuran

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
I Gede Wardana Oka Sastra Wiguna ◽  
I Nyoman Putu Budiartha ◽  
I Putu Gede Seputra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Times ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Land Use Rights

The study of this research is a review of the ownership of land rights for husbands / wives as a result of the existence of mixed marriages, currently mixed marriages exist in various circles of Indonesian society, the cause of this legal incident is the result of the fast and easy development of the times, and is supported by international relations that continue to increase. With the occurrence of many mixed marriages in Indonesia, legal protection in mixed marriages should be accommodated properly in the legislation in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to understand the arrangement of ownership of land rights according to Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning agrarian principles and to know the status of ownership of land rights that can be owned in mixed marriages. Researchers use normative techniques, namely normative legal research methods or library law research methods, which are methods or methods used in legal research conducted by examining existing library materials. This research illustrates that the ownership of land rights according to Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Basic Agrarian Regulations in general, land rights can be in the form of property rights, land use rights, land use rights, and finally use rights which are between one and one rights. Other rights have different meanings in terms of limitations on legal subjects of ownership and limitations on the duration of ownership. The status of ownership of land rights that can be owned in mixed marriages is attached to people who have Indonesian citizenship and in mixed marriages the problems of ownership of the rights over can be resolved by a marriage agreement made between the parties.

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