Making Financial Policy in the Executive Branch and the Federal Bureaucracy

2013 ◽  
pp. 108-134
Author(s):  
Kathryn C. Lavelle
Keyword(s):  
Executive Branch ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Federal Bureaucracy

Presidential Privilege and the Freedom of Information Act

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Freedom Of Information Act ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Government Secrecy

Executive privilege (EP) as a political tool has created a grey area of constitutional power between the legislative and executive branches. By focusing on the post-WWII political usage of executive privilege, this research utilizes a social learning perspective to examine the power dynamics between Congress and the president when it comes to government secrecy and public information. Social learning provides the framework to understand how the Cold War's creation of the modern American security state led to a paradigm shift in the executive branch. This shift altered the politics of the presidency and impacted relations with Congress through extensive use of EP and denial of congressional requests for information. When viewed through a social learning lens, the institutional politics surrounding the development of the Freedom of Information Act is intricately entwined with EP as a political power struggle of action-reaction between the executive and legislative branches. Using extensive archival research, this historical analysis examines the politics surrounding the modern use of executive privilege from Truman through Nixon as an action-reaction of checks on power from the president and Congress, where each learns and responds based on the others previous actions. The use of executive privilege led to the Freedom of Information Act showing how policy can serve as a congressional check on executive power, and how the politics surrounding this issue influence contemporary politics.

Forming an effective financial and investment environment in the eu countries-experience for Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Ryzhyuk Yevgeny
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Investment Environment ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Currency Exchange ◽  
Clearing System ◽  
Financial Infrastructure ◽  
Supranational Level ◽  
The Eu

The subject of the research is a set of institutional institutions and organizational and managerial relations that effectively regulate the financial and investment environment in the EU countries, comparing them with Ukrainian realities.The goal of writing this article is to develop practical and scientific-methodicalrecommendations on how to increase the efficiency of using financial and investment potential based on the experience of EU countries. The methodology of thework-system-structural and comparative studies (to understand the logic of thefunctioning of institutions that form the investment environment and the mechanisms of their interaction); monographic analysis (in studying the problems ofattracting investors); historical and economic analysis (in assessing the state andprospects of the European, as well as the Ukrainian economy). Results of work -it is revealed that modern European regulators are aimed at forming a holisticinvestment and financial infrastructure and investment platform at the supranational level. It was proposed to carry out further liberalization of currency regulation in Ukraine in order to transform it into a convenient and efficient electronicautomated currency exchange system and introduce the integration of the domestic depository system into the international depositary clearing system Clearstream.It was noted that the financial and investment environment in Ukraine is blockedand domestic monopolies are interested in this, thanks to lobbying in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and in the executive branch they have distorted financial,investment and currency legislation for their interests and needs. Conclusions-thepresence of a holistic investment and financial infrastructure in the EU countriesis due to the gradual convergence and unification of legislation at the nationallevel to the supranational level. In addition, it is reasonably high investment positions of Ireland in the world and it was proposed to use this experience to createa favorable financial and investment environment in Ukraine. Note that the formation of the financial and investment environment in Ukraine according to European standards is hampered by: oligarchic monopolies, which parasitizes mainly onnatural monopolies; government corruption; confusing and incomprehensible legislation for investors; high tax rates and tax administration system; instability ofthe banking system, the risks of hryvnia devaluation; the insecurity of landagrarian relations; as well as armed conflict in the east of Ukraine.

Financial and monetary policy of the State and its impact on the income level and poverty reduction in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-990
Author(s):  
N.I. Kulikov ◽  
V.L. Parkhomenko ◽  
Akun Anna Stefani Rozi Mobio
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. We assess the impact of tight financial and monetary policy of the government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia on the level of household income and poverty reduction in Russia. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of financial and monetary policy in Russia and determine why the situation with household income and poverty has not changed for the recent six years, and the GDP growth rate in Russia is significantly lagging behind the global average. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis of scientific and information base, and synthesis of obtained data. The methodology and theoretical framework draw upon works of domestic and foreign scientists on economic and financial support to economy and population’s income. Results. We offer measures for liberalization of the financial and monetary policy of the government and the Central Bank to ensure changes in the structure of the Russian economy. The proposed alternative economic and financial policy of the State will enable the growth of real incomes of the population, poverty reduction by half by 2024, and annual GDP growth up to 6 per cent. Conclusions. It is crucial to change budget priorities, increase the salaries of public employees, introduce a progressive tax rate for individuals; to reduce the key rate to the value of annual inflation and limit the bank margin. The country needs a phased program to increase the population's income, which will ensure consumer demand.

Assessment and analysis of efficiency system management by innovative factors for sustainable development of national economy from the position satisfaction of vital interests population in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Оксана Василівна Бондар-Підгурська ◽  
Алла Олександрівна Глєбова
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
System Management ◽  
Stage Of Development

The scientific and methodological approach to the evaluation and analysis of the efficiency of system management by innovation factors for sustainable development of national economy from the point of view satisfaction vital interest’s population is developed. This is the calculation of the modernized index human development based on the adjective model based on 26 indicators (social, economic and environmental subsystems), as well as using the methods of the main components and the slip matrix. The resultant value is the modernized Human Development Index (MHDІ) of Ukraine. The architectonics MHDІ of Ukraine in 2007–2017 from the position of sub-indices of the ecological, social and economic subsystems is analyzed. Consequently, the scientific and methodological approach based on the MHDI change allows us to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the work and public administration bodies in the context of making managerial decisions regarding the satisfaction of the vital interest’s population. MHDI considers the main regulated parameter of the system management in the innovation factors of sustainable development in socially oriented economy. The tendency of steady decline MHDI of Ukraine in 2007–2017 on 53.45 % was confirmed, which confirms inefficient state regulation of crisis situations in Ukraine. In order to increase the efficiency management of innovative factors by sustainable development of the national economy, from the standpoint of satisfaction vital interest’s population, it is proposed to intensify the use of public debt and savings bonds, market and non-market methods of relief and debt load. This is due to the fact that at the current stage of development in the national economy, public external debt is one of the most significant indicators of the state economy. It is at the same time a criterion for the effectiveness of public financial policy, as well as a threat and opportunity for the Ukrainian economy. In order to optimize its size, various methods, approaches, tools are used. Based on the analysis of world experience, it has been established that the securities market, in particular debt securities, plays a strategic role in regulating this issue. Therefore, it makes sense to recommend government debt bonds and government savings bonds to optimize the amount of external public debt.

Dirk J. Wolfson. Public Finance and development Strategy. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 1979. Pp. xiv+264.

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-257
Author(s):  
Zafar Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Council

The world in its politico-economic aspects is run by policy-makers who have an academic background in law or public administration or other related social disciplines including economics. Only rarely would a majority of the policy-makers be trained in economics. In the making of economic policy, the basic choices before the policy-makers are political and they transcend the narrow concerns of economists regarding optimal use of resources. These considerations in no way downgrade the relevance of economic analysis in economic policy-making and for the training of policy-maker in economics. Policy-makers need economic council to understand fully the implications of alternative policy options. In this book, Wolfson attempts to educate policy-makers in the areas of public finance and development strategy. The analysis avoids technicalities and is kept to a simple level to make it understandable to civil servants, law-makers and members of the executive branch whom Wolfson refers to as policy-makers. Simplicity of analysis is not the only distinguishing mark of this book. Most other books on public finance are usually addressed to traditional public finance issues relating to both the revenue and expenditure sides of the budget and neglect an overall mix of issues dealing with the interaction of fiscal policy with economic development. Wolfson in this book explicitly deals with these issues.

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