scholarly journals Ambiguities of Radicalism After Insurgents Become Rulers: Conflicting Pressures on Revolutionary State Power in Western Sahara’s Liberation Movement

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Wilson
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Western Sahara ◽  
Liberation Movement ◽  
Post War ◽  
Radical Ideas

AbstractArmed insurgents seeking to seize the state often aim to transform the nature of state power. Yet for insurgents who become ruling authorities, how do radical visions of state power influence governance after the urgency of war? This article examines state-building in the liberation movement for Western Sahara, a partially recognized state which has ruled an exiled civilian Sahrawi population in Algeria from wartime through to a prolonged ceasefire. Drawing on in-depth qualitative fieldwork, and engaging with theories of radicalism, post-war sociopolitical reconstruction and anomalous forms of state power, the article traces how post-ceasefire international and domestic contexts created conflicting pressures and opportunities for both the moderation, and the continuation, of Sahrawi refugees’ wartime radical governance. This case of insurgents-turned-rulers suggests how radicalism and moderation are overlapping processes, how moderation is not necessarily an ‘undoing’ of radicalism, and how radical ideas matter for leadership and grassroots militants in different ways.

The Grabski Tax Reform and Jewish Merchants: State Building in Interwar Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 088832542095348
Author(s):  
Zachary Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Tax Reform ◽  
State Power ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Direct Taxation ◽  
Tax Assessment ◽  
Short Period ◽  
State And Society ◽  
New Policies

This article presents the financial overhaul and tax reform of the Polish Second Republic that occurred between 1924 and 1925 in order to show how the state expands, to what ends, and how society responds to this increase in state power. During this short period, we can observe the introduction of new policies and the strengthening of institutions. This reform program was based upon fundamental changes to the way that Poland taxed the economy, namely, relying much more on direct taxation that required interaction between citizens and their state. The state gathered information on business activity and demanded citizens surrender their income to the treasury. As the narrative below will display, taxing the society necessitated state building in the institutional sense, and the execution of these policies led to an expansion of state power in the minds of citizens as they were compelled to comply without a direct threat of coercion. But this was not without consequence. Citizens, especially Jewish merchants, reacted negatively to what was perceived as an unfair process of tax assessment and an outsized tax burden. Precisely at these moments of conflict between state and society, the state emerges and becomes legible. Building on earlier scholarship examining the ways in which states make their territory and citizens legible, this article also shows how the state becomes legible to its citizens.

The Origins of the Market Economy: State Power, Territorial Control, and Modes of War Fighting

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Schoenberger
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
State Power ◽  
State Building ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
The State ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Natural Evolution ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Per Se ◽  
And Control

The origin and spread of money-based commodity markets is normally attributed to a natural evolution from barter and is usually seen as a solution to problems of exchange. I want to propose that markets to a considerable degree develop historically out of a different set of dynamics. These are concerned with the state-building tasks of territorial conquest and control, and are closely related to specific modes of war fighting. In this connection, markets develop not only to facilitate exchange per se but also to facilitate the mobilization of resources and their management across space and time. This need to manage resources geographically and temporally contributes not only to the spread of commodity markets but also to the development of markets in land and in labor.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Asha Rogers
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Full Expression ◽  
Post War ◽  
Archival Work

The introduction complicates the Orwellian orthodoxies we have inherited regarding literary vulnerability and monolithic state power by explaining how Matthew Arnold’s ideas about the state a guardian of culture found full expression in post-war Britain. Moving from examples including Reith’s BBC and Keynes’ Arts Council, it then discusses how institutional beliefs about the identity of literature’s publics and what they needed were gradually disrupted by the increasing ethnic and cultural diversification of Britain after the 1948 Nationality Act. The final sections of the Introduction set out the book’s conceptual challenge to the Manicheanism structuring both Bourdieu’s concept of the literary field, and ideas of the state as either censor or ultimate saviour. It concludes by evaluating the implications of viewing sponsorship as an expressive act for ideas of autonomy, and why archival work has the potential to transform our understanding of literature and its reading publics.

The Forgotten Pogroms, 1918

Slavic Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 648-653
Author(s):  
Michael L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Post War ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
War Power

The outbreaks of anti-Jewish violence in the former Habsburg lands in the fall of 1918 are often overlooked, in part because of the subsequent violence in Hungary (1919–1921), in part because of the myth of Czechoslovak exceptionalism that emerged during the interwar period. It is tempting to view the post-war power vacuum as the main context – and catalyst – for this wave of violence that erupted after the collapse of the monarchy. A closer look at the anti-Jewish violence, however, suggests that it was part of the state-building process, or at least part of an effort to demarcate the exclusive terms of membership in the newly-established states. In explaining or justifying the anti-Jewish violence, perpetrators (and their supporters) often invoked the canard of Jewish “provocation” or the myth of Jewish “power” as part of a larger discourse of exclusion that placed Jews outside the Hungarian, Polish, or Czechoslovak body politic.

Performing the nation, pre-figuring the state: the Western Saharan refugees, thirty years later

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Western Sahara ◽  
Elite Politics ◽  
Post War

Recent social, economic and political changes in the Western Saharan refugee camps in southwest Algeria have import not only for the project of Western Saharan nationalism, but also for the ongoing peace process. These are examined through a background to the Western Sahara conflict, and an appraisal of the camps' internal processes of elite politics, self-management and recent post-war socio-economic change.

scholarly journals PUBLISHING PROJECTS OF THE STATE SECRETARIAT OF THE WEST UKRAINIAN PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Mariia PIRKO
Keyword(s):  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
The West ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
Organizational Work ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Sociopolitical Issues

This article analyzes the specifics of publishing projects of the Government of the West Ukrainian People’s Republic. These projects represented the state-building, political, legislative and organizational work of the State Secretariat. Publishing products were irregular and often had little circulation as well as limited amount of readers, because they were printed in the conditions of political divergence of the government, economic and social difficulties, and military confrontation. The publications of the State Secretariat were divided into three groups: official publications (bills), Ukrainian periodicals (magazines), various literature (calendars, books of songs, sociopolitical issues), which until now have not been properly highlighted in historiography. The author characterized format, content, and thematic orientation of the editions as well as their impact on the formation of the national outlook of the Ukrainian people and the development of the cultural and educational movement in post-war time. Keywords West Ukrainian People’s Republic, State Secretariat, publishing, Orest Kuzma, calendars, national-patriotic idea.

scholarly journals Christian tradition of state formation and individual constants of the interpretation of Christ's doctrine

2015 ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Maxim Isaenko
Keyword(s):  
State Formation ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Power ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Christian Tradition ◽  
State Creation

In the proposed article by Maxim Isaenko "Ukrainian Christian tradition of state creation ... "on the question of application A comparative methodological approach is presented in the analysis conceptual dispositions available in Ukrainian, Polish, and Russian types of state-building and organization of power institutions. Studying socio-legal models that are characteristic of three Slavic peoples, vectors of kinship and distance are outlined understanding of the phenomena of the state, power, law.

KEY ASPECTS OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE STATE AUTHORITIES IN THE WORLD AND TO THE MODERN SOVERUM UKRAINE: A JOINT AND PERSONALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
Оlena Fedorіvna Caracasidi
Keyword(s):  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Human Life ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Power ◽  
The People ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Key Aspects

The article deals with the fundamental, inherent in most of the countries of the world transformation of state power, its formation, functioning and division between the main branches as a result of the decentralization of such power, its subsidiarity. Attention is drawn to the specifics of state power, its func- tional features in the conditions of sovereignty of the states, their interconnec- tion. It is emphasized that the nature of the state power is connected with the nature of the political system of the state, with the form of government and many other aspects of a fundamental nature.It is analyzed that in the middle of national states the questions of legitima- cy, sovereignty of transparency of state power, its formation are acutely raised. Concerning the practical functioning of state power, a deeper study now needs a problem of separation of powers and the distribution of power. The use of this principle, which ensures the real subsidiarity of the authorities, the formation of more effective, responsible democratic relations between state power and civil society, is the first priority of the transformation of state power in the conditions of modern transformations of countries and societies. It is substantiated that the research of these problems will open up much wider opportunities for the provi- sion of state power not as a center authority, but also as a leading political structure but as a power of the people and the community. In the context of global democratization processes, such processes are crucial for a more humanistic and civilized arrangement of human life. It is noted that local self-government, as a specific form of public power, is also characterized by an expressive feature of a special subject of power (territorial community) as a set of large numbers of people; joint communal property; tax system, etc.

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