scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of Happiness and Smoking Cessation Among Parents

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy E. Drehmer ◽  
Bethany Hipple ◽  
Deborah J. Ossip ◽  
Emara Nabi-Burza ◽  
Jonathan P. Winickoff
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quitting Smoking

Introduction:Smoking cessation among adults is associated with increased happiness. This association has not been measured in parents, a subset of adults who face uniquely stressful and challenging circumstances that can affect happiness.Aims:The aim of this study was to determine if parental smoking cessation is associated with increased happiness and to identify characteristics of parental quitters who experience increased happiness.Methods:A total of 1,355 parents completed a 12-month follow-up interview from a U.S. national trial, Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure (CEASE). Multivariable logistic regression examined if level of happiness was independently associated with quitting smoking and identified characteristics associated with feeling happier after quitting smoking.Results/Findings:Parents’ level of happiness was independently associated with quitting smoking (aOR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.42–1.79). Factors associated with increased happiness among quitters include engaging in evidence-based cessation assistance (aOR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.16–6.26), and adopting strictly enforced smoke-free home (aOR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.19–5.48) and car (aOR = 3.85, 95% CI = 1.94–7.63) policies. Additionally, parents who believed that being a smoker got in the way of being a parent (aOR = 5.37, 95% CI = 2.61–11.07) and who believed that thirdhand smoke is harmful to children (aOR = 3.28, 95% CI = 1.16–9.28) were more likely to report feeling happier after quitting.Conclusions:Parents who quit smoking reported being happier than parents who did not quit. Though prospective studies can clarify what factors cause an increase in happiness, letting paediatricians know that most parents who smoke report being happier when quitting may facilitate communication with parents around cessation.

Elimination of second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure after a lung or head and neck (HN) cancer diagnosis and subsequent patient smoking cessation.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 183-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawson Eng ◽  
Devon Alton ◽  
Yuyao Song ◽  
Delaram Farzanfar ◽  
Olivia Krys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Shs Exposure

183 Background: Exposure to SHS after a cancer diagnosis is associated with continued smoking in lung and HN cancer patients (PMID: 24419133, 23765604). However, smoking is a social activity. We evaluated whether elimination of SHS exposure around and after a diagnosis of lung or HN cancer is associated with smoking cessation in the cancer patient. Methods: Lung and HN cancer patients from Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (2006-12) completed questionnaires at diagnosis and follow-up (median 2 years apart) that assessed smoking history and SHS exposures (cohort study). Multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluated the association of elimination of SHS exposure after a diagnosis of cancer with subsequent smoking cessation, adjusted for significant covariates. A cross-sectional study (2014-15) of 183 lung and HN smoking patients assessed consistency in associations and interest in SHS cessation programs. Results: For the cohort study, 261/731 lung and 145/450 HN cancer patients smoked at diagnosis; subsequent quit rates were 69% and 50% respectively. 91% of lung and 94% of HN cancer patients were exposed to SHS at diagnosis while only 40% (lung) and 62% (HN) were exposed at follow-up. Elimination of SHS exposure was associated with smoking cessation in lung (aOR = 4.76, 95% CI [2.56-9.09], P< 0.001), HN (aOR = 5.00 [1.61-14.29], P< 0.001), and combined cancers (aOR = 5.00 [3.03-8.33], P< 0.001). The cross-sectional study has similar cessation and SHS exposure rates and a similar association for elimination of SHS with smoking cessation (aOR = 3.42 [1.16-10.10], P= 0.03). However when asked directly, only 26% of patients quit smoking with another individual and 13% of patients exposed to SHS had at least 1 interested party in joining a SHS cessation program. Conclusions: Elimination of SHS exposure around patients is significantly associated with smoking cessation in lung and HN cancer patients, but few patients quit smoking together with others around them, despite the ‘teachable moment’ with a cancer diagnosis. Clinicians should encourage patients and their household/friends to quit smoking together to improve cessation rates in cancer patients and those around them.

scholarly journals Genetic Variants in Smoking-Related Genes in Two Smoking Cessation Programs: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6597
Author(s):  
Gloria Pérez-Rubio ◽  
Luis Alberto López-Flores ◽  
Ana Paula Cupertino ◽  
Francisco Cartujano-Barrera ◽  
Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Genomic Regions

Previous studies have identified variants in genes encoding proteins associated with the degree of addiction, smoking onset, and cessation. We aimed to describe thirty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven candidate genomic regions spanning six genes associated with tobacco-smoking in a cross-sectional study from two different interventions for quitting smoking: (1) thirty-eight smokers were recruited via multimedia to participate in e-Decídete! program (e-Dec) and (2) ninety-four attended an institutional smoking cessation program on-site. SNPs genotyping was done by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. The analysis of alleles and genotypes was carried out using the EpiInfo v7. on-site subjects had more years smoking and tobacco index than e-Dec smokers (p < 0.05, both); in CYP2A6 we found differences in the rs28399433 (p < 0.01), the e-Dec group had a higher frequency of TT genotype (0.78 vs. 0.35), and TG genotype frequency was higher in the on-site group (0.63 vs. 0.18), same as GG genotype (0.03 vs. 0.02). Moreover, three SNPs in NRXN1, two in CHRNA3, and two in CHRNA5 had differences in genotype frequencies (p < 0.01). Cigarettes per day were different (p < 0.05) in the metabolizer classification by CYP2A6 alleles. In conclusion, subjects attending a mobile smoking cessation intervention smoked fewer cigarettes per day, by fewer years, and by fewer cumulative pack-years. There were differences in the genotype frequencies of SNPs in genes related to nicotine metabolism and nicotine dependence. Slow metabolizers smoked more cigarettes per day than intermediate and normal metabolizers.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic and Lipid Levels in Ambulatory Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Okoth Achila ◽  
Millen Ghebretinsae ◽  
Abraham Kidane ◽  
Michael Simon ◽  
Shewit Makonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Specific Lipid

Objective. There is a dearth of relevant research on the rapidly evolving epidemic of diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in sub-Saharan Africa. To address some of these issues in the Eritrean context, we conducted a cross-sectional study on glycemic and lipid profiles and associated risk factors. Methods. A total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular follow-up at the Diabetic and Hypertensive Department at Halibet Regional Referral Hospital, Asmara, were enrolled for the study. Data on specific clinical chemistry and anthropomorphic parameters was collected. Chi-squared (χ2) test or Fischer’s exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Multivariate logistic regression (backward: conditional) was undertaken to identify the factors associated with increased odds of suboptimal values in glucose and specific lipid panel subfractions. Results. High proportions of patients (76.7%) had suboptimal levels of HbA1c with a mean±SD of 8.6%±1.36, respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, the likelihood of HbA1c≥7% was higher in patients with abnormal WHR (AOR=3.01, 95% CI, 3.01 (1.15–7.92=0.024)) and in patients without hypertension (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.06–3.56), p=0.021). A unit reduction in eGFR was also associated with HbA1c≥7% (AOR=0.99, 95% CI (0.98–1=0.031)). In a separate analysis, the data shows that 80.9% of the patients had dyslipidemia. In particular, 62.1% of the patients had TC≥200 mg/dL (risk factors: sex, hypertension, and HbA1c concentration), 81.6% had LDL‐C≥100 mg/dL (risk factors: sex and hypertension), 56.3% had TG≥150 (risk factors: sex, HbA1c, and waist circumference), 62.8% had abnormal HDL-C (risk factors: waist circumference), 78.3% had non‐HDL<130 mg/dL (risk factors: duration of disease, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c), and 45.3% had abnormal TG/HDL (risk factors: sex, age of patient, FPG, and waist circumference). Conclusions. The quality of care, as measured by glycemic and specific lipid targets, in this setting is suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for simultaneous improvements in both indicators. This will require evidence-based optimization of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. Therefore, additional studies, preferably longitudinal studies with long follow-up, are required on multiple aspects of DM.

Prelacteal Feeding and Associated Factors Among Northwestern Ethiopian Women Having Children Less than Six Months Age: A Community Based Cross- Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maezu G/slassie1 ◽  
Kiflay Mulugeta ◽  
Abraha Teklay Berhe
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Prelacteal Feeding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Prelacteal feeding is administration of any food or fluid other than breast milk before initiation of breast feeding. Optimal breastfeeding including discouraging prelacteal feeding could save 823,000 lives per year among children ages five years old and younger. Despite of this mothers give prelacteal feeding to their child in different part of Ethiopia; However, there is a paucity of information on prevalence of prelacteal feeding and associated factors in the study area. Thus, the current study aimed at determining of the prevalence of prelacteal feeding and associated factors among mothers of children aged less than six months in Gozamen district, East Gojjam zone, North West Ethiopia, 2019-2020Methods: A community -based cross-sectional study was conducted among 741 mothers of children aged less than six months in Gozamen district from August 2019 to Feb 2020. Stratified cluster sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected by face to face interviewer-administered, pretested and semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression model were employed. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to identify factors associated with prelacteal feeding.Results: In this study the prevalence of prelacteal feeding was found to be 17.1%with 95%CI [14.3, 20]. Mothers who had no ANC follow up [AOR: 7.53, CI; 3.32, 17.05], those mothers who did not discard colostrum [AOR: 0.12, CI; 0.07, 0.12] time of breast feeding initiation [AOR: 3.53, CI; 2.05, 6.11] and mothers who had single ANC visit [AOR: 2.98, CI; 1.52, 5.85] were significant independent factors associated with prelacteal feeding.Conclusion: This study concluded that prelacteal feeding was high in the study area .Therefore, in order to tackle this problem strengthening antenatal follow up, timely initiation of breastfeeding, health education and awarenes creation of the communities are recommended interventions.

scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Study Exploring Sex Differences in the Relationship Between Sex Partner Attitudes and Current Quit Attempt Among a Sample of Smokers in Baltimore, MD, USA.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davey-Rothwell Melissa A. ◽  
Norah Crossnohere ◽  
Paige Hammond ◽  
Tuo-Yen Tseng ◽  
Marlesha Whittington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sex Partner

Abstract Background: Limited research has explored sex differences in the relationship between partner behavior and attitudes and smoking cessation. Methods: The study examined sex partner attitudes about smoking among men and women who are currently trying to quit smoking cigarettes. Data were collected as part of the Tobacco Use in Drug Environment (TIDE) study, a cross-sectional study conducted in Baltimore, MD, USA from September 2013-May 2015. Interviews were administered with current smokers. The sample size for the current analysis was 134 men and 86 women. Results: Approximately thirty-three percent of male participants (n=45) reported currently trying to quit smoking cigarettes. Twenty-nine percent of women were currently trying to quit. Having a sex partner who did not mind the participant’s smoking was associated with decreased odds of trying to quit among men (AOR=0.35, p=0.03, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.91). Having a sex partner who expressed concern about the participant’s smoking (AOR=12.9, p<0.01, 95% CI: 3.49, 47.0) and having a sex partner who encouraged the participant to quit smoking was significantly associated current quit attempt. Conclusions: The relationship between partner support for cessation and current quit attempt was stronger for women than men in this population. Understanding sex-partner attitudes regarding smoking and their relationship to smoking cessation activities may provide insights for future tailored cessation interventions.

scholarly journals An Analysis on Failure Reasons of Quit Smoking Among Smokers in Beijing Communities----based on a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianying Jin ◽  
Xingming Li ◽  
Han Liu ◽  
Hanqiao Ma ◽  
Kun Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Probability Method ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Smoking

Abstract Objective To understand the reasons for failure of smoking cessation among community smokers in Beijing, and analyze the influencing factors of the reasons for failure to quit, in order to provide a reference for providing smoking cessation guidance services. Method Based on a cross-sectional study, a one-to-one questionnaire was used. The survey included basic demographic information, tobacco use, and past attempts to quit. And descriptive analysis was used to analyze the distribution of the reasons for the failure of smoking cessation. c2 test or Fisher's exact probability method were used to analyze the causes of smoking cessation failure, demographic indicators, tobacco use and other factors. Correspondence analysis was used to further explore the relationship between each factor and the reasons for smoking cessation failure. Result A total of 442 smokers who had tried to quit smoking were investigated. The top three reasons for failure to quit were difficulty in controlling addiction, insufficient self-willingness (54.3%), the effects of other smokers(35.3%), and lack of smoke-free support environment(26.0%). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of the reasons for failure of smoking cessation among different ages, occupations, and discomforts during smoking cessation(All P<0.05). Correspondence analysis results show that the reasons for failure of smoking cessation among smokers aged 19-30 are mainly work or study stress. There are differences in the reasons why smokers in different occupations fail to quit smoking; The influence of other smokers and the lack of a smoke-free support environment are closely related to the desire to quit during the process of quitting. Conclusion Work or study pressure, the influence of other smokers and the lack of smoke-free support environment are the main reasons for the failure of smoking cessation attempts. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen education in different occupational places and implement personalized smoking cessation education. It is recommended to provide tips on coping with smoking cessation and alleviating peer pressure in social situations, as well as help for stress coping and negative emotion relief in smoking cessation guidance. At the same time, it is essential to strengthen the shaping of a smoke-free support environment.

scholarly journals Depression among smokers of a web-based intervention to quit smoking: a cross-sectional study

Salud Mental ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Henrique Pinto Gomide ◽  
◽  
◽  
Cristiana Rodrigues Teixeira de Carvalho ◽  
Miriane Lovisi Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Introduction. Web-based interventions for smoking cessation are an innovative strategy to reduce the burden of smoking. Although many web-based interventions are freely available in many languages and have proven to be effective, so far no study has covered in detail the association between depression and smoking. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression among users of the Viva sem Tabaco, a web-based intervention for smoking cessation. Method. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. In the internet-based intervention participated 1 433. Inclusion criteria were: being 18 years or older and a smoker; exclusion criteria were: omitting to fill out two questions of the screening depression questionnaire PHQ-2 and having made multiple accesses within a limited time span, characterizing invalid access. At the end, the sample had 461 participants. Participants answered questions related to sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco history, depression (PHQ-2 and PHQ-9), alcohol use, and intervention use. Results. Participants average age was 42.3 years (SD = 12.1). Most participants were female (67%), and 70% were employed during the time of the study. From the total sample, 36.4% of the participants presented depression according to PHQ-2. Being screened with depression was associated with tobacco dependence (OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.20), and associated with not having a job (OR = .53; 95% CI = .29, .97). Discussion and conclusion. Depression may be a factor to be considered in programs that offer support to quit smoking through the internet for Portuguese Speakers.

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