Vertical and Horizontal Networks and Export Performance in the Spanish Wine Industry

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Juan-Ramón Ferrer ◽  
Silvia Abella-Garcés ◽  
Raúl Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Export Performance ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Old World ◽  
Heckman Model ◽  
World Export ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Horizontal Networks ◽  
Jel Classifications

Abstract Wineries in the “old world” export almost 40% of their production. This study analyzes the influence of vertical and horizontal networks on export performance. We draw on a sample of 183 Spanish wineries and examine the main independent variables using a two-step Heckman model. We find positive effects of horizontal networks and—at a somewhat lower level—downstream vertical networks on export performance. (JEL Classifications: L66, M16, Q13)

Criteria for Accrediting Expert Wine Judges

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hodgson ◽  
Jing Cao
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Jel Classifications

AbstractA test for evaluating wine judge performance is developed. The test is based on the premise that an expert wine judge will award similar scores to an identical wine. The definition of “similar” is parameterized to include varying numbers of adjacent awards on an ordinal scale, from No Award to Gold. For each index of similarity, a probability distribution is developed to determine the likelihood that a judge might pass the test by chance alone. When the test is applied to the results from a major wine competition, few judges pass the test. Of greater interest is that many judges who fail the test have vast professional experience in the wine industry. This leads to us to question the basic premise that experts are able to provide consistent evaluations in wine competitions and, hence, that wine competitions do not provide reliable recommendations of wine quality. (JEL Classifications: C02, C12, D81)

scholarly journals Export Credit Insurance and Export Performance: An Empirical Gravity Analysis for Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Ali Polat ◽  
Mehmet Yesilyaprak
Keyword(s):  
Export Performance ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Export Credit ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Credit Insurance ◽  
Export Credit Insurance ◽  
Empirical Trade ◽  
Credit Agency ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimations ◽  
Pseudo Maximum Likelihood

The paper attempts to find out how far Turkey’s official export credit agency, Turk Eximbank, foster export of Turkey during the years of 2000-2015 by employing an empirical trade gravity equation. We estimate different panel gravity regressions for 212 countries for the period of 16 years and the results reveal that a change in export credit insurance positively affect Turkish export, assuming other independent variables are held constant. After applying several post estimation tests we used fixed effect panel specification as the main estimation. In order to allow comparison we also run clustered, robust OLS. Poisson fixed effect (Poisson) and Poisson Pseudo maximum likelihood estimations (PPML) are also estimated to allow for zero trade values in dependent variable in its level. Our analysis also shows that there are significant individual and time effects in panel data structure. Our estimate of different panel gravity regressions for 212 countries and 16 years revealed that increasing export insurance will positively affect Turkish export.

scholarly journals Spontaneity and international marketing performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. Souchon ◽  
Paul Hughes ◽  
Andrew M. Farrell ◽  
Ekaterina Nemkova ◽  
João S. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Marketing Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to ascertain how today’s international marketers can perform better on the global scene by harnessing spontaneity. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on contingency theory to develop a model of the spontaneity – international marketing performance relationship, and identify three potential moderators, namely, strategic planning, centralization, and market dynamism. The authors test the model via structural equation modeling with survey data from 197 UK exporters. Findings The results indicate that spontaneity is beneficial to exporters in terms of enhancing profit performance. In addition, greater centralization and strategic planning strengthen the positive effects of spontaneity. However, market dynamism mitigates the positive effect of spontaneity on export performance (when customer needs are volatile, spontaneous decisions do not function as well in terms of ensuring success). Practical implications Learning to be spontaneous when making export decisions appears to result in favorable outcomes for the export function. To harness spontaneity, export managers should look to develop company heuristics (increase centralization and strategic planning). Finally, if operating in dynamic export market environments, the role of spontaneity is weaker, so more conventional decision-making approaches should be adopted. Originality/value The international marketing environment typically requires decisions to be flexible and fast. In this context, spontaneity could enable accelerated and responsive decision-making, allowing international marketers to realize superior performance. Yet, there is a lack of research on decision-making spontaneity and its potential for international marketing performance enhancement.

Do International Technological Spillovers Facilitate Regional Innovation Performance in China? Evidence from the Provincial Panel Data

2010 ◽  
Vol 108-111 ◽  
pp. 1308-1313
Author(s):  
Wu Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Technological Spillovers ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Technological Spillover ◽  
Learning By Exporting

Based on the provincial panel data put forward by National Bureau of Statistics of China, over the period 2000-2006, this paper empirically investigates the impacts of different channels for international technological spillovers on regional innovation performance, using regional innovation performance as dependent variable, and the channels for international technological spillovers as independent variables. The empirical results in this paper indicate that learning-by-exporting and learning-by-importing have positive effects on regional innovation performance in China, and that foreign R&D activities by multinational enterprises in China have positive and statistically significant effects on regional innovation performance. In addition, absorptive capability is an important driving factor for increasing the regional innovation performance in China. Research results indicate that both international technological spillover sources and indigenous efforts, including domestic R&D intensity and absorptive capacity jointly determine the regional innovation performance in China.

Export performance: insights on the Spanish wine industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Bardají ◽  
Julio Estavillo ◽  
Belén Iráizoz
Keyword(s):  
Export Performance ◽  
Wine Industry

Investigating the preferences of older adults concerning the design elements of a companion robot

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Hoon Oh ◽  
Jaewoong Kim ◽  
Da Young Ju
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Depression Level ◽  
Design Preferences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Companion Robots

Abstract Researchers have reported that companion robots have had positive effects on older adults with depression. However, there has been little quantitative analysis on the relationship between robot design and depression. To address this, we surveyed 191 older adults and investigated the impact of age, gender and depression level on design preferences for companion robots. We focused on toy-sized companion robots and evaluated three design elements: type, weight and material. The findings show that baby-type robots were the most preferred by older adults. They favoured the lightest weights and microfibre materials, regardless of the independent variables. Moreover, robot weight preferences varied significantly with the level of depression. Highly depressed older adults disliked heavy robots. These preliminary findings suggest that companion robots need to be designed with careful consideration of their physical characteristics and potential psychological effects.

How ordinary returnees and foreigners drive firms’ exports?

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Hu ◽  
Jizhen Li ◽  
Zhanming Jin
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Substitution Effects ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of ordinary returnee and foreign employees in firm export performance, whose impacts have been overseen in prior research. This study also explores whether returnee and foreign employees function as substitutes or complements, and simultaneously considers the impacts of contextual factors on the relationship between returnee (foreign) employees and firm export performance.Design/methodology/approachUsing panel data of Beijing’s Zhongguancun Science Park manufacturing firms over a seven-year period, from 2009 to 2015, the paper applies panel Tobit regression to deal with the left-censoring dependent variable.FindingsThis paper finds the number of returnee and foreign employees has significantly positive influence in promoting firm export performance; however, substitution effects exist between them. In addition, the positive effects of returnee and foreign employees on firm export performance are conditional. For foreign employees, the presence of corporate president with international background and firm imports will weaken their positive impacts. In terms of returnee employees, their positive influence proves not to be significantly reduced by corporate president’s international background but weakened by firm imports.Originality/valuePrevious research only highlights returnee entrepreneurs’ and top managers’ positive influence on firm export performance. However, with the development of emerging countries, for instance, China in this paper, ordinary returnee and foreign employees are playing more and more critical roles in firms’ internationalization process. This paper responds to the practical needs to focus on ordinary returnee and foreign employees.

scholarly journals The interplay between market intelligence activities and sales strategy as drivers of performance in foreign markets

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 2080-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Katsikea ◽  
Marios Theodosiou ◽  
Katerina Makri
Keyword(s):  
Export Performance ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Exporting Firms ◽  
Market Intelligence ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Sales Strategy

Purpose Exporting is a popular foreign market entry mode, especially among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The success of SME exporters depends on their ability to establish and maintain profitable long-term relationships with foreign customers. This study aims to propose that the development of an effective export sales strategy can contribute greatly toward this aim. The study also demonstrates that export market intelligence generation and export market intelligence dissemination activities are important drivers of export sales strategy. Export sales strategy comprises three dimensions, which are expected to have a positive influence on export performance. Design/methodology/approach The study uses survey data obtained from 168 exporting firms based in Greece, to test a set of research hypotheses. Structural equation modeling procedures are used. Findings Findings indicate that export market intelligence generation and dissemination activities support and facilitate the development of effective export sales strategies, tailored to serve individual foreign accounts. Furthermore, all strategic dimensions of export sales strategy demonstrate significant positive effects on export performance. Research limitations/implications The research underlines the importance of incorporating export sales strategy in studies that aim to investigate the drivers of export performance. Practical implications The findings also indicate that exporting firms must actively engage in market intelligence activities to reinforce their strategic decision-making process. Originality/value The study emphasizes the crucial importance of export sales strategy in achieving superior export performance. The study provides a theory-driven conceptualization and operationalization of export sales strategy and offers an empirical assessment of a comprehensive model that includes the key antecedents and performance outcomes of export sales strategy.

scholarly journals Determinants of Wineries’ Decisions to Seek VQA Certification in the Canadian Wine Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert I. Ugochukwu ◽  
Jill E. Hobbs ◽  
Joel F. Bruneau
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Specification Test ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Important Development ◽  
Wine Sector ◽  
Jel Classifications

AbstractThe establishment of quality assurance systems is an important development in the wine sector, particularly so for new and emerging wine regions. Focusing on the Canadian wine industry, this article examines the determinants of a winery's decision to adopt Vintners Quality Alliance (VQA) certification for wines. The analysis also examines whether wineries seek VQA certification for higher-priced wines or whether VQA certification leads to higher wine prices. To examine the certification decision, a probit model is applied to a detailed data set of Canadian wines sold in Ontario over the period 2007–2012. Wines from wineries that supply large volumes of wines (more than 1,000 cases) are more likely to have VQA certification, as well as ice wines and wines from specific regions. A Hausman specification test for endogeneity suggests that VQA certification leads to higher wine prices and not the other way around. (JEL Classifications: D22, L15, L66, Q13)

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