AN INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT ON 14C FROM SINGLE-YEAR TREE RINGS

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sabrina G K Kudsk ◽  
Jesper Olsen ◽  
Gregory W L Hodgins ◽  
Mihály Molnár ◽  
Todd E Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
Quality Check ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACT A laboratory intercomparison project was carried out on 20 annually resolved late-wood samples from the Danish oak record. The project included the following three laboratories: (1) the University of Arizona AMS Laboratory, University of Arizona, USA (AA); (2) HEKAL AMS Laboratory, MTA Atomki, Hungary (DeA); and (3) Aarhus AMS Centre (AARAMS), Aarhus University, Denmark (AAR). The large majority of individual data points (96%) lie within ±2σ of the weighted mean. Further assessment of the accuracy associated with the individual laboratories showed good agreement, indicating that consistent and reliable 14C measurements well in agreement with each other are produced at the three laboratories. However, the quoted analytical uncertainties appear to be underestimated when compared to the observed variance of differences from the geometric mean of the samples. This study provides a general quality check of the single-year tree-ring 14C measurements that are included in the new calibration curve.

scholarly journals Elemental Composition of Norwegian Rivers

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 115-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Salbu ◽  
A. C. Pappas ◽  
E. Steinnes
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Alkaline Earths ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Good Agreement

Instrumental neutron activation analysis has been applied for the determination of up to 40 elements in waters from eleven Norwegian rivers. In order to represent the composition of an average river in the region of Norway and possibly the greater part of the Scandinavian peninsula, weighted mean values are calculated on the basis of geometric mean values and discharge of the individual rivers. Factor analysis shows that Cambro-Silurian sedimentary and vulcanic rocks influence the water composition considerably compared to Precambrian gneisses and granites. An influence of airborne supply is evident in coastal areas. In addition ore deposits are important for Zn and associated elements. Comparison with literature data from Sweden shows good agreement for the elements concerned. The present values concerning alkalies, alkaline earths and halogens are, however, significantly lower than the estimated “world averages”. This is probably due to a low abundance of marine deposits and sedimentary rocks in Scandinavia. Low values are also found for elements which are often associated with particulate matter (Fe, Al, V, Mo, As, Sb, Th, U), while the values obtained for rare earths (La, Ce, Sm) and some additional elements (Sc, Mn, Au) are significantly higher than the estimated “world averages”.

scholarly journals Science of the Vatican Observatory since 2000

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-298
Author(s):  
Guy Consolmagno, S.J.
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Stellar Astronomy ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

Five research areas have been the focus of the scientific work of the Specola Vaticana (Vatican Observatory) over the past twenty years: planetary sciences, stellar astronomy, extragalactic astronomy, cosmology, and the development of the Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope (vatt). The choice of research program is left to the individual astronomers, all of whom work closely with lay collaborators around the world. Notable, especially in connection with the vatt, is the close coordination of the Specola with the Steward Observatory of the University of Arizona. One unique strength of the Specola is its independence from short-term funding requirements. As a result of its stable funding, Specola astronomers can engage in long-term research programs such as surveys of meteorite properties, exoplanets, stellar clusters, and galaxy clusters, which may take ten or more years to come to fruition. In this way the Specola complements the large research programs of contemporary astronomy.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach Regarding the Choice of University for Postgraduate Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Cvetkoska ◽  
Dragana Spasevska
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Group Judgment ◽  
Postgraduate Studies ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
Hierarchy Process

<p>The problem set in this paper regards how to make the choice of University for postgraduate studies. The multi-criteria decision making approach is suggested to be used for solving this problem. The idea is to decompose the problem into the following elements: goal-choice of University for postgraduate studies; criteria that contribute to achieving the goal and that can be of quantitative or qualitative nature; and alternatives-Universities that the choice will be made from. For such problem a hierarchical model can be built, and it can be solved by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The objective of this research, which will be conducted in the form of a questionnaire among the best fourth-year students from Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, is to determine how many of them will continue their education in postgraduate studies, and where, as well as to identify the criteria that are important in their opinion when choosing a University. Once the participants’ answers are received, two groups of criteria that are important regarding the choice of University (in Macedonia and abroad) will be created, and thus two groups of participants will be formed. The choice of criteria will be made according to the arithmetic mean, and if the number is high then factor analysis will be used for their reduction. Afterwards, the participants will be introduced to the AHP method and for combining the individual judgments in group judgment; the geometric mean will be used. The University that is the best choice for each of the participants will come as a result of the ranking of the overall priorities of the alternatives.</p>

Radiocarbon Dating and Intercomparison of Some Early Historical Radiocarbon Samples

Radiocarbon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J T Jull ◽  
C L Pearson ◽  
R E Taylor ◽  
J R Southon ◽  
G M Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The University ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Made In

AbstractWe performed a new series of measurements on samples that were part of early measurements on radiocarbon (14C) dating made in 1948–1949. Our results show generally good agreement to the data published in 1949–1951, despite vast changes in technology, with only two exceptions where there was a discrepancy in the original studies. Our new measurements give calibrated ages that overlap with the known ages. We dated several samples at four different laboratories, and so we were also able to make a small intercomparison at the same time. In addition, new measurements on samples from other Egyptian materials used by Libby and co-workers were made at UC Irvine. Samples of tree rings used in the original studies (from Broken Flute Cave and Centennial Stump) were obtained from the University of Arizona Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research archive and remeasured. New data were compared to the original studies and other records.

scholarly journals Intercomparison of High-Precision ∆14C Analyses Using Gas Counting and AMS

Radiocarbon ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 791-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R. M. Druffel ◽  
Douglas J. Donahue ◽  
Sheila Griffin ◽  
George S. Burr
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Precision Measurements ◽  
The Third ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
The University ◽  
Good Agreement

We report results of a three-year intercomparison experiment between the WHOI Radiocarbon Laboratory (now at University of California, Irvine) and the NSF-University of Arizona AMS Laboratory. The purpose of this study was to compare high-precision measurements of samples obtained routinely using gas proportional counting techniques with results obtained using AMS techniques. Three sets of annually banded, modern coral samples were used for the intercomparison. Each sample was acidified to CO2 at WHOI and split into two fractions. The larger fraction was converted to acetylene gas and counted at WHOI in quartz, gas-proportional beta counters. The smaller fractions were converted to graphite and analyzed for 14C using AMS techniques at the University of Arizona. Results of the three sample sets are presented. Except for a single outlier, the data from the two laboratories are in good agreement. Of the 13 samples in the third set of the intercomparison, for which a new high-intensity ion source was in operation at the Arizona AMS laboratory, agreement of results is excellent. This finding indicates that measurements made with precisions of < 3% are reproducible at both laboratories.

‘A Routh O’ Auld Nick-Nackets’ – the antiquarian collection of John Rae

2015 ◽  
Vol 36-37 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-183
Author(s):  
Paul Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Representative Case ◽  
National Museums ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

John Rae, a Scottish antiquarian collector and spirit merchant, played a highly prominent role in the local natural history societies and exhibitions of nineteenth-century Aberdeen. While he modestly described his collection of archaeological lithics and other artefacts, principally drawn from Aberdeenshire but including some items from as far afield as the United States, as a mere ‘routh o’ auld nick-nackets' (abundance of old knick-knacks), a contemporary singled it out as ‘the best known in private hands' (Daily Free Press 4/5/91). After Rae's death, Glasgow Museums, National Museums Scotland, the University of Aberdeen Museum and the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford, as well as numerous individual private collectors, purchased items from the collection. Making use of historical and archive materials to explore the individual biography of Rae and his collection, this article examines how Rae's collecting and other antiquarian activities represent and mirror wider developments in both the ‘amateur’ antiquarianism carried out by Rae and his fellow collectors for reasons of self-improvement and moral education, and the ‘professional’ antiquarianism of the museums which purchased his artefacts. Considered in its wider nineteenth-century context, this is a representative case study of the early development of archaeology in the wider intellectual, scientific and social context of the era.

IMAGERY AND EMOTIONS IN THE PIANO PIECE „THE SICK DOLL“ FROM CHILDREN’S ALBUM OF P . I TCHAIKOVSKY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Smilena Smilkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
Sound Image ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
Art Pedagogy

The proposed material examines the creative task of students majoring in Social Pedagogy at the University „Prof. Dr. Assen Zlatarov“ in Burgas, and studying the discipline Art Pedagogy – Part 1 – Music. In the course of the lecture course students get acquainted with the elements of musical expression, as a means of figurative representations and impact of music, with different techniques concerning individual musical activities, with the endless and diverse opportunities that music provides in the use of art pedagogy for social work teachers.Verbal interpretation of music is a necessary component when working with children with special educational needs, at risk and in the norm. Looking at Tchaikovsky’s short and extremely figurative piano piece „The Sick Doll“ from his charming „Children’s Album“, in the form of a short story, tale or essay, students express their personal vision, feeling and transformation of the musical image. The aim of the task is to transcribe the sound image into a verbal one. This requires speed, flexibility and logic in thinking, through imagination and creativity in its manifestation. Children love to listen, especially when they are involved. In search of the right way to solve problems and situations, future social educators could successfully benefit from the conversion of sound into words, according to the needs and deficits of the individual or group.

A University Education

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Willetts
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
University Education ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Universities have a crucial role in the modern world. In England, entrance to universities is by nation-wide competition which means English universities have an exceptional influence on schools--a striking theme of the book. This important book first investigates the university as an institution and then tracks the individual on their journey to and through university. In A University Education, David Willetts presents a compelling case for the ongoing importance of the university, both as one of the great institutions of modern society and as a transformational experience for the individual. The book also makes illuminating comparisons with higher education in other countries, especially the US and Germany. Drawing on his experience as UK Minister for Universities and Science from 2010 to 2014, the author offers a powerful account of the value of higher education and the case for more expansion. He covers controversial issues in which he was involved from access for disadvantaged students to the introduction of L9,000 fees. The final section addresses some of the big questions for the future, such as the the relationship between universities and business, especially in promoting innovation.. He argues that the two great contemporary trends of globalisation and technological innovation will both change the university significantly. This is an authoritative account of English universities setting them for the first time in their new legal and regulatory framework.

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