scholarly journals Public Sector Employment and Voter Turnout

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
BENNY GEYS ◽  
RUNE J. SØRENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Public Sector Employment ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
Private And Public

Does working in the public rather than the private sector have a causal effect on electoral participation? Extant evidence using cross-sectional survey data remains unpersuasive due to data limitations and concerns posed by preference-based job selection. We address these challenges using population-wide individual-level register data on voter turnout covering four Norwegian local and national elections between 2013 and 2019. We identify causal effects by tracking the same individuals over time during (a) shifts between private- and public-sector employment, (b) relocations between municipalities, and (c) shifts into retirement. We find that local public-sector employees display 1–3 percentage points higher voter turnout compared with private-sector employees. These effects arise particularly when working in their residential municipality, but they largely dissipate upon retirement.

scholarly journals Use of antenatal magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection: a survey of national practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Shivshankar Diggikar ◽  
Srikanth Kulkarni ◽  
Abhishek S. Aradhya ◽  
Praveen Venkatagiri
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Attitude And Practice

This web-based cross-sectional survey suggests that uptake of antenatal magnesium sulfate for babies<32 weeks is about 75.2% (67/89) of centres in India, more in private sector hospitals 53/66 (80.3%) compared to public sector hospitals 14/23 (60.8%). A written policy for managing babies<32 weeks is available in 62.9% of units. Adequate facilities were available in 94.3% of units to administer magnesium sulfate. Although there is adequate knowledge (89.8%) about the beneficial effects of antenatal magnesium sulfate, attitude, and practice seem to be the major hurdle in implementation.  

scholarly journals Tuberculosis control activities in the private and public health sectors of Kenya from 2013 to 2017: how do they compare?

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 740-748
Author(s):  
Eunice W Mailu ◽  
Philip Owiti ◽  
Serge Ade ◽  
Anthony D Harries ◽  
Marcel Manzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Private And Public

Abstract Background Large numbers of tuberculosis (TB) patients seek care from private for-profit providers. This study aimed to assess and compare TB control activities in the private for-profit and public sectors in Kenya between 2013 and 2017. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using routinely collected data from the National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Lung Disease Program. Results Of 421 409 patients registered and treated between 2013 and 2017, 86 894 (21%) were from the private sector. Data collection was less complete in the private sector for nutritional assessment and follow-up sputum smear examinations (p&lt;0.001). The private sector notified less bacteriologically confirmed TB (43.1% vs 52.6%; p&lt;0.001) and had less malnutrition (body mass index &lt;18.5 kg/m2; 36.4% vs 43.3%; p&lt;0.001) than the public sector. Rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and antiretroviral therapy initiation were &gt;95% and &gt;90%, respectively, in both sectors, but more patients were HIV positive in the private sector (39.6% vs 31.6%; p&lt;0.001). For bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB, cure rates were lower in the private sector, especially for HIV-negative patients (p&lt;0.001). The private sector had an overall treatment success of 86.3% as compared with the public sector at 85.7% (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions The private sector is performing well in Kenya although there are programmatic challenges that need to be addressed.

Crime Victimization Increases Turnout: Evidence from Individual-Level Administrative Panel Data

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kim Mannemar Sønderskov ◽  
Peter Thisted Dinesen ◽  
Steven E. Finkel ◽  
Kasper M. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Measurement Biases

Abstract What are the consequences of being the victim of crime for political participation? Previous studies report mixed results with respect to voter turnout, in contrast to the positive effects found for other indicators of political engagement. However, previous turnout studies have failed to differentiate between violent and non-violent crime, and have relied on cross-sectional survey data that is prone to measurement biases and selection effects. This article addresses these shortcomings via a panel analysis of official registry data from Denmark recording individual-level turnout in two municipal elections (in 2009 and 2013) and victimization from violent and non-violent crime. It identifies the effect of victimization by comparing changes in turnout between the two elections for victims and two different counterfactual groups: non-victims in the general population, and individuals who were victimized after the 2013 election. The results show that victimization from violent crime increases turnout by 2 to 3 percentage points. The study further demonstrates a large negative between-individual effect of victimization, suggesting that previous studies have been marred by severe selection bias.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF PROLONG SITTING WITH COMMON MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR BANKERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Mahmooda Naqvi ◽  
Maryum Zehra ◽  
Ghazala Noor Nizami
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Banks ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
One Year ◽  
Study Participants

To compare the frequency of common musculoskeletal disorders due to prolong sitting among private and public sector bankers. This study was a cross-sectional study. Participants between 25-50 years of age, working in banks for more than one year were inducted in the study. All bankers were divided into private and public sector groups. Employees were selected from private sector and public sector banks of Karachi. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from bankers of both sectors. The study shows that 44.6% government employees were suffering from shoulder pain, while 36.9% private sector bankers having this problem. Among them 18.2% of public sector bankers suffered from neck pain. However, only 9% of public sector bankers perform gym activity regularly. The result of the study shows that, participants who work for prolong period of time adapted poor posture while sitting have high frequency of musculoskeletal disorders. The study also shows that private sector bankers are more vigilant about their health and posture as compared to the public sector bankers.

scholarly journals Factors affecting use of speech testing in adult audiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavisha J Parmar ◽  
Saima L Rajasingam ◽  
Jennifer K Bizley ◽  
Deborah A Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Key Barrier ◽  
The Uk

Objective: To investigate the factors affecting the use speech testing in adult audiology services Design: A mixed-methods cross-sectional questionnaire study Study Sample: A UK sample (n=306) of hearing healthcare professionals (HHPs) from the public (64%) and private sector (36%) completed the survey Results: In the UK, speech testing practice varied significantly between health sector. Speech testing was carried out during the audiology assessment by 68% of private sector HHPs and 5% of those from the public sector. During the hearing aid intervention stage speech testing was carried out by 40% and 8% of HHPs from the private and public sector, respectively. Recognised benefits of speech testing included: 1) providing patients with relatable assessment information, 2) guiding hearing aid fitting, 3) supporting a diagnostic test battery. A lack of clinical time was a key barrier to uptake. Conclusion: Use of speech testing varies in adult audiology. Results from the present study found the percentage of UK HHPs making use of speech tests was low compared to other countries. HHPs recognised different benefits of speech testing in audiology practice but the barriers limiting uptake were often driven by factors derived from decision makers rather than clinical rationale. Privately funded HHPs used speech tests more frequently than those working in the public sector where time and resources are under greater pressure and governed by guidance that does not include a recommendation for speech testing. Therefore, the inclusion of speech testing in national clinical guidelines could increase the consistency of use.

scholarly journals PRACTICE OF ERGONOMICS AMONG THE BANKERS OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Mahmooda Naqvi ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Ghazala Noor Nizami ◽  
Sania Hassan Ali
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Private And Public

OBJECTIVE To compare the knowledge and practice of ergonomics among bankers of private and public sector. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted on bankers of Karachi over a period of 6 months. 200 participants were recruited from one of the reputed public sector bank of Karachi for the observational study. Another group of 200 members was taken from different private banks of Karachi. Convenience, sampling technique was chosen for data collection by using self-administered Questionnaire. Data entry was done on SPSS Version 20. Mean is calculated by using One sample T-test and considered significant at p value <0.05. In addition, the frequencies and percentages were taken as descriptive statistics for categorical variables. RESULTS The workshop on ergonomics revealed statistically significant difference between the mean values 1.82, (p =0.00) and 1.95 (p=0.06) in the private and public sector bankers respectively. In addition, the means of back care were also calculated between the two sectors; showing higher mean values (1.83,) among the public sector bankers as compared to the private sector bankers (1.72, p=0.00). CONCLUSION` Our result shows that private sector bankers are more vigilant about their health and posture as compared to the public sector. The above result appears to be useful indicators of determining the risk of musculoskeletal problems among bankers.

scholarly journals A Comparison Of Private And Public Sector Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Caemmerer ◽  
Alistair Dewar
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Service Expectations

In the past, public sector organizations have been used as examples of service atrocities but in light of unstable overall customer satisfaction levels across countries and industries the purpose of this research note is to investigate whether their private counterparts fare much better in terms of service performance. A quantitative, quasi-experimental study was carried out with 200 respondents. The survey tool was based on the SERVQUAL framework to compare recipients service expectations and perceptions in private and public service settings. The results reveal no significant differences between expectations towards and perceptions of private and public services. The traditional SERVQUAL dimensions explain 74% of overall satisfaction in the public, and 87% in the private sector. As this is a cross-sectional study more research is necessary to understand whether the results are due to an amelioration in the public and a deterioration in the private sector, or vice versa, or neither. The study stimulates debate and further research into the underlying reasons for customers similar expectations and perceptions across sectors. Is actual service performance across sectors assimilating? Or do perceptions in one sector setting impact on expectations and perceptions in another?

Does the Russian Government Pay a "Fair" Wage: Review of Studies

2015 ◽  
pp. 62-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zhuravleva
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Wage Differentials ◽  
Omitted Variables ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Correct Evaluation ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
Fair Wage

This paper surveys the literature on public-private sector wage differentials for Russian labor market. We give an overview of the main results and problems of the existing research. The authors unanimously confirm that in Russia private sector workers receive higher wages relative to their public sector counterparts. According to different estimates the "premium" varies between 7 and 40%. A correct evaluation of this "premium" is subject to debate and is a particular case of a more general econometric problem of wage differentials estimation. The main difficulties are related to data limitations, self-selection and omitted variables. Reasons for the existence of a stable private sector "premium" in Russia are not fully investigated.

Transitions from career employment among public- and private-sector workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 529-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Quinn ◽  
Kevin E. Cahill ◽  
Michael D. Giandrea
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Defined Benefit ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Career Employment ◽  
Public Sector Workers

AbstractDo the retirement patterns of public-sector workers differ from those in the private sector? The latter typically face a retirement landscape with exposure to market uncertainties through defined-contribution pension plans and private saving. Public-sector workers, in contrast, are often covered by defined-benefit pension plans that encourage retirement at relatively young ages and offer financial security at older ages. We examine how private- and public-sector workers transition from full-time career employment, with a focus on the importance of gradual retirement. To our surprise, we find that the prevalence of continued work after career employment, predominantly on bridge jobs with new employers, is very similar in the two sectors, a result with important implications in a rapidly aging society.

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