Growth and carcass composition in the crossbred progeny of six terminal sire breeds of sheep

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Wolf ◽  
C. Smith ◽  
D. I. Sales
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Breeding Research ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Terminal Sire

ABSTRACTRecords were available for the progeny of Dorset Down, Oxford, Suffolk, Ile-de-France, Oldenburg and Texel sires out of Border Leicester × Blackface and Animal Breeding Research Organisation Dam Line × Blackface ewes. The data analysed were: (a) growth traits to 12 weeks for 2585 lambs, the progeny of 102 sires; (b) growth traits for slaughter at fixed weights of 35kg and 40kg for 1884 lambs (79 sires); and (c) half carcass dissection traits for 956 lambs (65 sires).Oxford and Suffolk cross lambs were heaviest at all ages and thus youngest at slaughter. Texel cross lambs grew slowly to 12 weeks but were not significantly older than Dorset Down, Ile-de-France and Oldenburg cross lambs at slaughter. The Texel cross produced the leanest carcass with a high lean/bone ratio and eye-muscle area. Dorset Down and Ile-de-France cross lambs were fattest at slaughter but had high values for lean/bone ratio and eye-muscle area. Interactions between breed of sire and slaughter weight were non-significant for all traits (P>0·05).Breed differences in carcass composition were also compared statistically as if at a constant percentage of subcutaneous fat. The differences were not so great as at constant live weight but the Texel cross would have had the leanest carcass. Side weights would be heaviest in the Texel and lowest in the Dorset Down and Ile-de-France. Oxford, Suffolk and Dorset Down cross lambs would be youngest at slaughter and Texel and Oldenburg crosses oldest.

Genetic parameters of growth and carcass composition in crossbred lambs

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Wolf ◽  
C. Smith ◽  
J. W. B. King ◽  
D. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Nested Analysis

ABSTRACTData were available on crossbred meat lambs for 10 live-weight and growth traits (2585 lambs), 5 carcass traits (1884 lambs) and 10 dissection traits (944 lambs). These were the progeny born on an experimental farm over 5 years, from 102, 79 and 65 sires respectively for the three groups of traits. Genetic parameters were estimated from the sire components in a nested analysis of variance within breed of sire and year subclass, adjusting for sex, dam age, rearing type and other factors.The heritabilities of the live-weight and growth traits were all low, the highest being average daily gain to slaughter (0·10, s.e. 0·06), and none was statistically significant. The heritabilities of the traits of carcass composition were much higher: percentage lean (0·41, s.e. 0·13), percentage fat (0·37, s.e. 0·13) and percentage bone (0·16, s.e. 0·10). Intermediate values were found for most other traits: killing-out percentage (0·16, s.e. 0·07), fat depth (0·21, s.e. 0·11), eye-muscle area (0·14, s.e. 0·10) and lean/bone ratio (0·13, s.e. 0·09).Phenotypic and genetic correlations among the traits were also estimated. No major incompatibilities were found among the traits. The results are discussed in relation to the genetic improvement of lean meat production in sheep.

scholarly journals Effect of Breed Types and Castration on Carcass Characteristics of Boer and Large Frame Indigenous Veld Goats of Southern Africa

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertruida L. van Wyk ◽  
Louwrens C. Hoffman ◽  
Phillip E. Strydom ◽  
Lorinda Frylinck
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
The Right ◽  
Boer Goats

Weaner male Boer Goats (BG; n = 36; 21 bucks and 15 wethers) and large frame Indigenous Veld Goats (IVG; n = 41; 21 bucks and 20 wethers) were raised on hay and natural grass ad libitum and the recommended amount of commercial pelleted diet to a live weight between 30 and 35 kg. Carcass quality characteristics (live weight, carcass weights, dressing %, chilling loss and eye muscle area) were measured. The right sides of the carcasses were divided into wholesale cuts and dissected into subcutaneous fat, meat and bone. Large frame Indigenous Veld Goat (IVG) wethers were slightly lighter than the IVG bucks with no significant difference observed between BG. Wethers compared to bucks had higher dressing %, subcutaneous fat % in all primal cuts, intramuscular fat %, kidney fat % and, overall, slightly less bone %. Some breed–wether interactions were noticed: IVG wethers were slightly lighter than the IVG bucks, but the IVG bucks tended to produce higher % meat compared to other test groups. Judged on the intramuscular fat % characteristics, it seems as if wethers should produce juicier and more flavorsome meat compared to bucks.

Elliotdale and crossbred lambs: growth rate, wool production, fat depth, saleable meat yield, carcass composition and muscle content of selected cuts

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
DL Hopkins ◽  
KD Gilbert ◽  
KL Pirlot ◽  
AHK Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Carcass Parameters

Growth and carcass parameters were studied for 62 second-cross lambs (Poll Dorset rams over Border Leicester x Merino ewes) and 55 purebred Elliottdale lambs. Second cross lambs grew faster (P<0.001) from weaning to the first slaughter time than Elliottdale lambs and consequently weighed more and had heavier carcasses. Elliottdale lambs produced significantly (P<0.001) more wool between birth and weaning. The slope of the relationship between GR (tissue depth over the 12th rib 110 mm from the midline) and carcass weight was 1.24 � 0.23 mm/kg for second cross lambs and 0.82 � 0.17 mm/kg for Elliottdale lambs, indicating the latter lambs were leaner at heavier weights. Measures of subcutaneous fat depth at the 5th/6th and 12th/13th ribs were similar when carcass weight differences were considered for a subsample of 21 second cross and 26 purebred Elliottdale lambs. Subjective assessment of fat distribution and carcass conformation by 2 assessors revealed a significant (P<0.001) difference between breeds; second cross lambs having a better conformation. Saleable meat yield, carcass composition, and muscle content of several cuts were determined for a subsample of lambs. At a common side weight of 8 kg there was no significant difference in saleable meat yield. At this weight, crossbred lambs had a significantly (P<0.05) higher muscle content (505 g/kg) than Elliottdale lambs (480 g/kg). Fat content was similar at 300 g/kg with crossbred lambs having significantly (P<0.05) less bone (190 g/kg) than Elliottdale lambs (2 10 g/kg). The legs of carcasses from crossbred lambs were shown to contain significantly more muscle than those of Elliottdales (206 v. 195 g/kg). Carcass weight explained some of the variation in weight of leg and forequarter muscle (r2 = 0.63 and 0.61). This was improved by including an assessment for conformation from 1 assessor (r2 = 0.69 and 0.64). Eye muscle area at the 12th rib did not add significantly to the prediction; it was not different between breeds, nor was its depth to width ratio different between breeds. The pH measurements of the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum were similar between breeds.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Responses to Selection for Ultrafine Wool in Uruguayan Yearling Lambs

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Zully Ramos ◽  
Hugh Thomas Blair ◽  
Ignacio De Barbieri ◽  
Gabriel Ciappesoni ◽  
Fabio Montossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Phenotypic Responses

This study evaluated the phenotypic trends for wool and growth traits of the fine Merino genetic nucleus in Uruguay. Data were collected from one-year-old lambs over a twenty-year period (1999–2018). The overall aim of the selection flock was to reduce fiber diameter with concomitant increases in fleece and live weights. Traits analyzed included fiber diameter (FD), greasy fleece weight (GFW), coefficient of variation of FD (CVfd), staple length (SL), scoured yield (SY), live weight post-shearing (LW), eye muscle area (EMA) and fat thickness (FAT). Data from approximately 5300 one-year-old male and female lambs were analyzed. During the study period, FD decreased by approximately 3 µm, whereas GFW and LW increased by at least 0.5 and 3.0 kg, respectively. There were interactions between the sex of the individual and the year for all wool traits. Except for FAT, all other traits were affected by the dam age. This study indicates that the selection program applied in the fine Merino genetic nucleus over a twenty-year period resulted in reductions in FD and increases in GFW and LW. Therefore, the results indicate it is possible to produce ultrafine wool in semi-extensive grazing systems without compromising other economically relevant traits in one-year-old lambs.

Prediction of carcass composition in heavy-weight grass-fed and grain-fed beef cattle

1993 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Priyanto ◽  
E. R. Johnson ◽  
D. G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Heavy Weight ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Regression Slopes

AbstractThe effects of breed and feeding on the prediction of carcass fat and carcass muscle using rump ‘P8’ subcutaneous fat thickness were investigated in heavy-weight beef carcasses (277 to 512 kg). Hot side weight, eye muscle area and their combination added to fat thickness were evaluated as additional predictors. The predictions of carcass composition from grass-fed steers were validated on data from grain-fed steer carcasses. There were differences between breeds and feeding regimes in the level of tissue proportions at a given fat thickness, but no differences in regression slopes. Fat thickness alone was, therefore, not an accurate indicator of the proportions of side fat or side muscle in heavy-weight carcasses. In the grain-fed steers, the correlations between P8 and tissue proportions were relatively strong, and the addition of hot side weight and eye muscle area, alone or in combination, did not significantly improve the predictions. Conversely, in grass-fed steers where the relationships between carcass composition and fat thickness were weaker, the addition of hot side weight and eye muscle area made a significant contribution to prediction. In the predictions of tissue weights, hot side weight and eye muscle area when added to fat thickness, significantly contributed to the prediction of side muscle weight for both feeding systems. These three variables did not account for the observed differences between breeds or feeding regimes in the proportion or weight of fat, nor in the proportion of muscle; but they effectively eliminated these groups' differences in the estimation of muscle weight.

Evaluation of Angus, Charolais and Hereford as terminal sire breeds on Hereford and first-cross cows. II. Carcase characteristics and retail yield of progeny

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
PF Arthur ◽  
H Hearnshaw ◽  
D Johnston ◽  
PD Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

The characteristics and retail yield of carcases of 482 Angus, Charolais and Hereford sired progeny out of straightbred Hereford (HxH), and first-cross Brahman x Hereford (BxH), Simmental x Hereford (SxH) and Friesian x Hereford (FxH) dams were evaluated. The cattle had been raised and slaughtered for either the vealer (both sexes), yearling domestic (both sexes) or the heavy export steer market. The data were analysed within market type, and at a constant age at slaughter (281, 478 and 829 days for vealer, yearling domestic and heavy export carcases respectively) and also at a constant hot P8 fat depth (4.6, 7.8 and 14.9 mm for the three markets respectively) and constant hot carcase weight (160, 200 and 343 kg for the three markets respectively). At a constant age, carcases of Charolais sired progeny were significantly (P < 0.05) heavier (8-16%, depending on market type), leaner, had larger eye muscle area and higher dressing percentage than those of Angus and Hereford sired progeny. This resulted in 12 to 17% (P < 0.05) more kg of boneless saleable meat (retail yield) from carcasses of Charolais sired progeny. At a constant hot P8 fat depth, the magnitude of the sire breed differences increased, whereas at a constant hot carcase weight, the differences became non-significant or were reduced in magnitude. At a constant age, progeny of BxH dams had higher ( P < 0.05) dressing percentage than those of the other dam breeds for all market types except the vealer market. Progeny of FxH dams had more (P < 0.05) channel and kidney fat than those of the other dam breeds, even at a constant hot P8 fat depth. Retail yield, as a percentage of the boned side, was highest for carcases of progeny of BxH dams and lowest for those of progeny of FxH dams (70.2% and 70.3% v. 69.1% and 69.2%, for vealer and yearling domestic carcases respectively, at a constant age). Sire and dam breed effects for the individual primal cuts, as percentages of the boned side, were not significant for most of the primal cuts, and where significant, the differences were very small.

Estimation in vivo of the chemical composition of the bodies of mature cows

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Wright ◽  
A. J. F. Russel
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Condition Score

ABSTRACTA number of possible indices of body composition (live weight, skeletal size, total body water as estimated by deuterium oxide dilution, blood and red cell volumes as estimated by Evans Blue dilution, ultrasonic measurements of subcutaneous fat depth and eye-muscle area, and body condition scoring) was examined using 73 non-pregnant, non-lactating, mature cows of Hereford × Friesian, Blue-Grey, British Friesian, Galloway and Luing genotypes, ranging in body condition score from 0·75 to 4·5. Direct measurements of body composition in terms of water, fat, protein and ash were made following slaughter.Live weight, deuterium oxide dilution, ultrasonic measurements of subcutaneous fat depth and eyemuscle area, and body condition score were all considered to be potentially useful predictors of body composition. Combinations of techniques offered better predictions than did any single index. Using a combination of measurements it was possible to predict body fat and protein with a residual s.d. of 13·1 kg and 3·15 kg respectively. Breed differences in the partition of fat among the main adipose tissue depots necessitated the development of specific prediction equations for body fat based on condition score and subcutaneous fat depth for different breeds. Equations remain to be developed for predicting body composition in cows in different physiological states.

Genetic variation and relationship of ultrasonic measures and carcass composition in Suffolk cross lambs

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 111-111
Author(s):  
V.C. Flamarique ◽  
R.M. Lewis ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurement ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Excess fat in lamb is regarded as an important reason for less lamb meat being purchased by consumers. This has encouraged the development and use (particularly in Terminal Sire breeds) of selection indices that can identify animals that will sire leaner progeny. These indices usually include live weight and in vivo predictors of body composition, such as an ultrasonic measurement of muscle and fat depth, as selection criteria (Simm and Dingwall, 1989). But the usefulness of such in vivo measurements as predictors of carcass composition depends on the correlation between, and the variation in, live and carcass measures. The objectives of this study were to determine the strength of the relationship between ultrasound and dissection measures of carcass composition, and the degree of genetic variation in these measures, in crossbred progeny of Suffolk rams.

scholarly journals Effect of boars own performance on progeny fattening and carcass traits in two different environments

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bahelka ◽  
P. Fľak ◽  
Anna Lukácová
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Progeny Performance

The effect of own performance traits of meat breed boars on fattening and carcass parameters of progeny in two different test stations (Bucany and Nitra) was evaluated. Own performance traits of boars were average daily gain (ADG) from birth to 100 kg live weight, backfat thickness (BF) and lean meat content (LMC) in field conditions. Progeny of boars was housed in pairs (gilt and barrow) and fed standardized feed mixture semi ad libitum. Progeny test lasted from 30 to 100 kg live weight. There were evaluated following parameters: ADG and feed consumption/kg gain (FC) at test from 30 to 100 kg live weight, slaughter weight (SW), proportion of meaty cuts (PMC) proportion of ham (PHAM), eye muscle area (EMA), and BF. At Bucany and Nitra was found the effect of genotype of boars on progeny BF and/or FC respectively. Better tested boars from own performance test individually as well as a group achieved in progeny better fattening and carcass traits than worse tested boars at Bucany (+33 g ADG, -0.21 cm BF, +2.34 % PMC). Progeny performance from better evaluated boars at Nitra did not exceed the progeny performance from worse tested boars. There was found significant effect of dams on progeny performance.

scholarly journals Effects of the MHS locus on growth, carcass and meat quality traits in F<sub>2</sub> crosses between Mangalitza and Piétrain breeds

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Thaller ◽  
L. Dempfle ◽  
A. Schlecht ◽  
S. Wiedemann ◽  
H. Eichinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Whole Genome Scan ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
High Level

Abstract. A total of 345 F2 animals from a crossbred design Mangalitza (homozygous NN) x Piétrain (homozygous nn) were fed ad libitum at the institute's Thalhausen Research Station and slaughtered at a live weight of approximately 100 kg. MHS genotypes (67 nn, 192 Nn and 86 NN) were determined directly in a DNA test targeting the ryanodine reeeptor locus. Models for analysis of variance included sire, dam, pen, slaughter group, sex and MHS effects. Growth Performance was generally lower and carcass composition minor compared to other breeds and crosses. No significant differences were found between MHS genotypes for growth traits but NN animals tended to be less eflicient with respect to food conversion. However, nearly all measurements of the carcass showed significant differences between nn and NN which were especially pronounced for sidefat thickness (−7 1mm) fat over the musculus longissimus dorsi (−8.8 mm) and loin eye area (+8.7 cm2) as well as fat area (−5.1 cm2) We found Nn animals performing similar to NN animals due to incomplete dominance of the N allele. As expected nn had a substantial negative influence on meat quality compared to NN and Nn (e.g. −0.61 and −0.15 for pH 45 min, respectively). Intramuscular fat content was at a high level and nn had significantly lower values with differences of −0.40% and −0.25% relative to NN and Nn, respectively. A whole genome scan is currently underway with emphasis on fat measurements which showed promising Variation in this study.

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