Crossbreeding beef cattle in Western Uganda 6. A note on hybrid vigour in Red Poll–Boran crosses

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Sacker ◽  
J. C. M. Trail ◽  
I. L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Western Uganda

SUMMARYHybrid vigour effects were measured on weights at birth and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, in crosses between Red Poll and Boran cattle. Means of crossbred weights were superior to means of purebred weights by 9·7% at birth and by 26·4% to 29·7% at 3–12 months. Boran cows had superior mothering ability to Red Poll cows, judged by the early growth of reciprocal cross calves, and lost less body weight over a nine-month lactation period.

Crossbreeding beef cattle in Western Uganda 4. Calving percentage and mothering ability

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Sacker ◽  
J. C. M. Trail ◽  
I. L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Western Uganda ◽  
Zebu Cows

SUMMARYThe female progeny of Angus, Boran and Red Poll bulls mated to Ankole, Boran and Zebu cows were compared. Heifers by Angus and Red Poll sires out of Boran and Zebu cows could be mated at an average age of 23 months with excellent calving percentages, whereas Boran-sired heifers and heifers from Ankole cows were not ready for service at this age. Lactation stress caused heifers suckling calves to lose 4% of body weight over a 7½ month suckling period, while heifers not suckling calves gained 14% in body weight. Heifers by Red Poll sires did not provide more milk for their calves, as measured by early growth rate, than heifers by Angus or Boran sires. The effect of hybrid vigour on mothering ability of F1 dams was at least as great as it was on the early growth of the F1 crossbreds themselves.

Crossbreeding beef cattle in Western Uganda 3. Genetic analysis of body weight

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. M. Trail ◽  
G. D. Sacker ◽  
I. L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Differential Performance ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Western Uganda ◽  
Weight For Age ◽  
Zebu Cows

SUMMARYGenetic influences on body weights, taken at three-monthly intervals from birth to two years, were measured in the progeny of Angus, Boran and Red Poll bulls mated to Ankole, Boran and local Zebu cows. At two years old, progeny of Angus and Red Poll sires were 9% heavier than progeny of Boran sires. Progeny of Boran dams were 15% heavier than progeny of Zebu dams and 8% heavier than progeny of Ankole dams at two years. Differential performance by progeny of Ankole dams in different years suggested that genetic × environment interaction might be of some importance, and indicated the necessity of testing breed types over several years. Low and variable heritability estimates of weight-for-age up to two years old, and significant hybrid vigour effects on weight, indicated that in this environment, exploitation of hybrid vigour could be of great importance. Repeatability estimates for calf pre-weaning weights averaged 0·42.

Crossbreeding beef cattle in Western Uganda 5. Growth and carcass evaluation of castrated males

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. M. Trail ◽  
G. D. Sacker ◽  
H. J. S. Marples
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Western Uganda ◽  
Weight For Age ◽  
Zebu Cows

SUMMARYGrowth from two years to three years and carcass yield and composition were evaluated in nine types of steers produced by mating Angus, Boran and Red Poll bulls to Ankole, Boran and local Zebu cows. One hundred and nine steers were slaughtered at the average age of 3 years and 1 month.At three years of age, steers by Angus and Red Poll sires were 7% heavier than steers by Boran sires, while progeny of Boran and Ankole dams were 14% heavier than progeny of Zebu dams. Significant hybrid vigour effects on weight-for-age were found.After adjustment for weight and age at slaughter, linear carcass measurements supported the impression that steers by Angus sires were more compact and blocky than steers by Red Poll and Boran sires and that progeny of Ankole dams were longer in the leg and body than progeny of Boran and Zebu dams. Steers by Red Poll sires appeared to have a higher fat content than steers by Angus and Boran sires on the basis of dissection of a tenth rib sample joint. Progeny of Boran dams had a higher dressing percentage than progeny of Ankole and Zebu dams. Hybrid vigour appeared to have little effect on carcass traits.

Crossbreeding beef cattle in Western Uganda. 1. Performance of Ankole, Boran and Zebu Cows

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. M. Trail ◽  
G. D. Sacker ◽  
I. L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Maintain Body Weight ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
High Level ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
Western Uganda ◽  
Progeny Performance ◽  
Zebu Cows

SUMMARYIn a new ranching area of Uganda recently cleared of trypanosomiasis, with a high level of disease control, adequate water supplies and extensive grazing on free range, three dam breeds, the indigenous Ankole and Zebu, and the Boran from Kenya, were mated to Boran, Angus and Red Poll sires.Under artificial insemination, at least 10 % fewer cows were detected on heat than under natural service, and 15% fewer artificially inseminated cows actually produced calves than did naturally served cows. The introduced Boran females were not inferior in calving percentage to the indigenous Ankole and Zebu.Relationships between dam body weight and progeny performance were investigated. The introduced Boran breeding cows were able to maintain their body weight as least as well as the indigenous Ankole and Zebu cows. While cows which calved regularly and reared their calves could not maintain body weight, it was found that heavier cows conceived at a higher rate than lighter cows, cows heavier at parturition weaned heavier calves than lighter cows, and cows that reared heavier calves lost more, or gained less, body weight than cows that reared lighter calves. It was therefore indicated that investigations into the reduction of lactation stress on cows by such methods as earlier weaning of calves, mating at the most suitable time of year, and possible nutritional supplementation at a stage in the cycle, should be commenced.

Crossbreeding beef cattle in Western Uganda. 2. Environmental influences on body weight

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Sacker ◽  
J. C. M. Trail ◽  
I. L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Maternal Environment ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Western Uganda ◽  
Zebu Cows

SUMMARYThe nine possible breed types resulting from the use of Angus, Boran and Red Poll bulls on Ankole, Boran and local Zebu cows were represented in the experiment. Sex, period of birth and year of birth had significant effects, at practically all ages, on body weights of calves measured at three-monthly intervals from birth to two years. Age of dam had a significant effect on calf weight at birth but not thereafter. Previous parous state of dam had only few apparently significant effects on calf weights at different ages. It appeared that beneficial effects of a good pre-weaning maternal environment might be retained, as there was no strong evidence of post-weaning compensatory growth for pre-weaning maternal effects due to age and previous parous state of dam.

One-generation reproduction toxicity study of Dithane M-45 (mancozeb) and lead acetate

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Várnagy ◽  
P. Budai ◽  
E. Molnár ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Body Weight Increase ◽  
Dose Levels

The reproductive toxicity of lead acetate and of a fungicide formulation (Dithane M-45) containing 80% mancozeb was studied on rats. Lead acetate was applied in the feed in the following dose groups: control, 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 mg/kg of diet. The three treatment groups received, in addition to the above doses of lead acetate, 4,500 mg/kg Dithane M-45 in the diet. The method was based on the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 415 (1981). Clinical symptoms and mortality were not found in the parent generation. The body weight of female animals decreased significantly before the pregnancy period. This tendency was also seen in males after the combination treatment. At the two high dose levels a remarkable body weight increase was seen in the female animals during the lactation period. As a result of treatment, decreased body weight of offspring was measured during the lactation period. No gross pathological changes were seen. Histological examination showed general tubulonephrosis in the experimental animals. It can be established that the administration of Dithane M-45 did not enhance the reproductive toxicity of lead acetate.

scholarly journals Impact of flaxseed intake upon metabolic syndrome indicators in female Wistar rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 537-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Hipólito Cardozo Brant ◽  
Ludmila Ferreira Medeiros de França Cardozo ◽  
Luís Guillermo Coca Velarde ◽  
Gilson Teles Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Glucose Profiles

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the prolonged consumption of flaxseed minimize the factors that trigger MS in healthy rats. METHODS: Pregnant rats were divided immediately after delivery into two groups during the lactation period, a control group (CG) receiving casein-based diet with 17% of protein, and a Flaxseed group (FG) with casein-based diet plus 25% of flaxseed. At weaning, 12 offspring of each group continued to receive the same feed but with 10% of protein up to 200 days old. RESULTS: FG showed a significant reduction in body weight (p=0.001), total cholesterol levels (p<0.0001), triglycerides (p=0.0001), and glucose (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: The flaxseed alters the indicators related to development of metabolic syndrome, because it has beneficial effects on lipids and glucose profiles and prevents the excess of body weight gain.

Corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based backgrounding beef cattle diets: Effect on growth and efficiency during the backgrounding and finishing periods

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Swanson ◽  
M. Ko ◽  
C. J. Mader
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Soybean Hull ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based diets on backgrounding calf performance and subsequent feedlot performance. Crossbred steers [n = 48, initial body weight (BW) = 303 ± 3.4 kg] were individually fed dietary treatments consisting of: (1) haylage [17.5% crude protein, dry matter (DM) basis; control], (2) haylage + 20% (DM basis) cracked corn, and (3) haylage + 20% (DM basis) soybean hulls during a 112-d backgrounding period. After the backgrounding period, all steers were adapted to a common high moisture corn-based finishing diet and fed until an ultrasound estimated backfat thickness of 7 mm was obtained. During the backgrounding period, steers fed cracked corn or soybean hulls had greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain, dry matter intake and gain:feed and lower (P = 0.05) plasma urea N as compared with controls. However, when finished on a common high-concentrate diet, steers previously fed cracked corn had greater (P < 0.08) average daily gain, final body weight, and longissimus muscle area than those fed soybean hulls, suggesting that source of supplemental energy during the backgrounding period may influence subsequent feedlot performance. Key words: Beef cattle, backgrounding, energy supplementation

scholarly journals Factors affecting the milk production of dairy cattle in northern rural areas of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Begum ◽  
M Anaruzzaman ◽  
MSI Khan ◽  
M Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Factors Affecting

A cross sectional study was conducted to observe the factors affecting the productive performance of dairy cattle from northern rural areas of Bangladesh during July and September 2013. Data of 105 cows, 85 (80.95%) from local and 20 (19.05%) cows from cross breed, were randomly selected for the study. A binary logistic regression, expressed by odds ratio with 95% confidence interval, was done to determine the association of daily milk production categorized into ? 2 and > 2 liters (L), based on median, with the significant explanatory variables of body weight, age at first calving, lactation period, vitamin use, type of floor and milking person. The result demonstrated that the probability of milk production of >2 L was 6.16, 4.5, 20.65 and 5.7 times higher from the with animal body weight of >140 kg, age at first calving of >36 m, lactation period of >8 m and vitamin use than that of body weight of 140 kg, age at first calving of ?36 m, lactation period of ? 8 m, and not vitamin used respectively. The chance of milk production of > 2 L was 0.25 and 0.22 times lower for mud floor, and owner milking than that of brick floor and gowala (professional milking person) respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i2.22646 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (2): 41-45, December, 2014

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