Growth and carcass characteristics of desert goat kids and their temperate cross

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bello ◽  
S. A. Babiker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Gut Fill ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

AbstractCrossbreeding of desert goat does with the temperate Saanen x Toggenburg buck was found to result in a significant increase in the daily live-weight gain and the empty body weight of their progeny slaughtered at about 30 kg live weight when compared with purebred desert goat kids (P < 0·001). Food intake did not differ between the two types of kids, but live-weight food conversion efficiency was significantly superior in crossbred kids (P < 0·05).Carcass weight and killing-out proportion tended to be greater in the crossbred kids reflecting lower weights of head, skin, internal organs and gut fill. Breed types did not differ in the weights of individual wholesale cuts. Carcass dissection revealed significantly higher muscle proportion (P < 0·05), significantly lower fat proportion (P < 0·01) and higher muscle: bone ratio in the crossbred kids.

Inter-age correlations of food conversion efficiency with body weight, growth rate and food intake within and between British breeds of cattle

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Thiessen ◽  
St C. S. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Unit Body Weight ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

ABSTRACTIn a multibreed experiment 306 females from 25 British breeds of cattle were given a standard pelleted diet ad libitum. Correlations of food conversion efficiency (FCE) with body weight, weight gain, and food intake were studied over 12-week and longer periods from 12 to 72 weeks of age. Inter-age correlations of FCE with itself and the other traits were also studied over age intervals separated by 12, 24, 36 and 48 weeks. The between-breed correlations were genetic while the within-breed correlations were phenotypic.Between breeds, FCE measured over the full age range from 12 to 72 weeks appeared to be very highly correlated with FCE measured over the 12-week period between 24 and 36 weeks of age. Correlations of 12 to 72 week FCE with traits not requiring measurement of food intake were much lower, being at most 0·77 for weight gain, 0·73 for weight gain per unit body weight and 0·57 for body weight. The pattern of correlations implied that over constant age ranges the larger faster-growing breeds with high intakes tended to be more efficient; however, these correlations were generated primarily at early ages between 12 and 36 weeks and FCE at later ages could not be predicted from other traits measured at earlier ages. Nevertheless, between-breed selection to improve FCE by indirect selection on body weight and weight gain could be effective but there would appear to be no advantage in waiting beyond 1 year of age.Within breeds, correlations of 12 to 72 week FCE with FCE measured over 12-week periods increased with age from 0·24 to 0·61. Correlations of FCE with weight gain in the same 12-week periods were quite high (0·49 to 0·89) and those with weight gain per unit weight were invaribly higher (0·68 to 0·90). However, as a predictor of FCE in any subsequent period, weight gain per unit body weight was poor and weight gain of no value whatsoever. There was no strong association of FCE with body weight.

A comparison of the feeding value of maize and sorghum for fattening pigs

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. X. Vanschoubroek ◽  
R. L. Van Spaendonk ◽  
W. Nauwynck
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Sorghum Vulgare ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Fattening Pigs ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

Six comparable groups, each of 4 castrate pigs, were used to compare the feed value of maize and sorghum as estimated by live-weight gain, food conversion efficiency, slaughter quality and ham composition.The maize ration contained 40% yellow maize and the sorghum ration 40% Sorghum vulgare subglabrescens, all other ingredients being the same for both diets.No statistically significant differences were found between the maize and sorghum pigs with regard to the criteria mentioned.It is concluded that no difference exists between the feed value of the maize and the sorghum used. This result is in better agreement with the net energy values of maize and sorghum as calculated by the formula of Hoff-mann and digestion coefficients for pigs, than with “classical” starch equivalents.

The effects of exogenous bovine growth hormone and bromocriptine on growth, body development, fleece weight and plasma concentrations of growth hormone, insulin and prolactin in female lambs

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Johnsson ◽  
I. C. Hart ◽  
B. W. Butler-Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

ABSTRACTIn crossbred female lambs given a concentrate diet ad libitum between 8 and 20 weeks of age, daily subcutaneous injections of 0·1 mg bovine pituitary growth hormone (GH) per kg live weight increased daily live-weight gain (347 v. 284 g/day; P < 0·01; no. = 8), food conversion efficiency (3·94 v. 4·49 kg dry matter per kg gain; P < 0·01) and greasy fleece weight (1·49 v. 0·99 kg; P < 0·001). The increase (4·8 kg) in final live weight was due primarily to an increase in the non-carcass components of the body (3·5 kg), with little effect on carcass weight (1·3 kg). However, bovine GH treatment markedly increased the weights of lean tissue (11·4 v. 9·2 kg; P < 0·001) and bone (2·8 v. 2·4 kg; P < 0·001) and moderately reduced the weight of fat (7·0 v. 8·0 kg; P < 0·10) in the carcass. The bovine GH treatment raised plasma concentrations of immunoreactive GH within the physiological range for about 16 h each day and significantly increased mean plasma concentrations of insulin and prolactin. Daily injection of 1 mg bromocriptine had no effect on daily live-weight gain, food conversion efficiency or carcass composition. This treatment markedly reduced plasma concentrations of prolactin but also significantly reduced insulin concentrations. When given in combination with bovine GH, bromocriptine reduced the GH-induced stimulation of insulin concentration and tended to decrease the effects of GH on food conversion efficiency and growth. This interaction was significant only for the effects on greasy fleece and skin weights (P < 0·01).

A comparison of the performance of suckled lambs with lambs weaned at seven weeks of age and either grazed or given concentrates

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

SUMMARY1. Seventy-two Blackface ewes with 96 Greyface (Border Leicester ♂ × Blackface ♀) lambs were allocated to three groups. Twenty-four ewes with 32 suckling lambs were set-stocked on 2·4 hectares (ha) of grass (A); 32 lambs were weaned and set-stocked on 2·4 ha of grass (B) and 32 lambs were weaned, housed and given concentrates (C). Beef cows with calves were used to control the grass in the two grazing groups.2. The average initial live weight of the lambs was 18 kg. Treatments had a significant effect on performance, the live-weight gains per lamb over the initial 35 days being 11·2, 9·1 and 5·9 kg for groups A, B and C respectively. The total gains over 70 days, when the suckled lambs (A) were weaned, were 17·6, 15·5 and 14·3 kg.3. The total live-weight gain per ha from lambs and calves over 88 days was higher on treatment B than on treatment A. The lambs weaned on to grass took 9 days longer than the suckled lambs to reach a slaughter weight of 42 kg and had significantly poorer killing-out percentages.4.The lambs given concentrates had an overall food conversion efficiency of 4·89 kg concentrates per kg live-weight gain.

Effects on performance and behaviour of mixing 20-kg pigs fed individually

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rundgren ◽  
I. Löfquist
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Observation Period

ABSTRACTThe effects of mixing on agonistic behaviour and performance were studied in 90 individually fed pigs, grouped at a mean live weight of 23 kg by one of the following three methods: (1) six unmixed littermates; (2) three pigs from each of two litters; and (3) one pig from each of six litters. Unmixed animals (treatment 1) did not fight and the mode of fighting differed between treatment 2 and 3. Mixing decreased daily weight gain in the period 23 to 100 kg for barrows, but not for gilts. For gilts, food conversion efficiency was negatively correlated with the number of received attacks in the observation period (80 min after mixing), and for the barrows to fighting injury scores.

A note on direct measurement of food spillage when growing pigs are given food to appetite

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-464
Author(s):  
A. T. S. Morrow ◽  
N. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Identical Composition ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

Ten crossbred boars were penned individually and offered either meal or pellets of identical composition to appetite from single space hopper feeders which also provided water. The hoppers were sited on raised steel mesh platforms 1·2 m × 0·87 m in size under which was placed a similar sized collecting tray. Spilled food was collected for 24 h once weekly for the 4-week experimental period. Live-weight gain tended to be lower on the meal diet compared with the pellets (882 v. 968 (s.e. 28·7); P = 0·07) while food conversion efficiency (g food per g growth) was worse on the meal diet (2·65 v. 241 (s.e. 0·059); P < 0·05). Food spillage is the most likely explanation for the difference in food conversion, however collectable spilled food was (g/g food offered) 0·0089 and 0·0026 respectively of meal and pellets offered. The value for the meal diet is about one-tenth of the expected value and suggests that direct collection of spillage from non-pelleted diets even over a wide area in front of the feeder is not an accurate technique.

Performance of broilers and rabbits given diets containing full fat neem (Azadirachta indica) seed meal

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Salawut ◽  
S. K. Adedeji ◽  
W. H. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

AbstractExperiments were carried out to establish the suitability of full fat neem seed meal (FFNSM) in broiler and growing rabbit diets. In the broiler experiment, 200-day-old (Babcock) broiler chicks were used in a 10-week trial, with the FFNSM fixed at 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/kg diet. In the rabbit experiment 24 rabbits of three different breeds were used in an 8-week trial, with the FFNSM fixed at 0 (control), 100, 200 and 300 g/kg diet. The criteria of response were food intake, weight gain, food conversion and protein efficiency ratio and mortality. There was a significant (P < 0·05) negative correlation between the dietary inclusion of FFNSM, weight gain and food conversion efficiency of the birds in the starter phase. In the finisher phase from 5 to 10 weeks, food intake, weight gain, food conversion and protein efficiency ratio did not differ significantly (P > 0·05) between the birds on the control diet and diets containing up to 75 g FFNSM per kg. For all the measurements, rabbits on the diet with 100 g FFNSM per kg gave better results than the control. Food intake, weight gain, food conversion efficiency and protein efficiency ratio did not differ significantly (P > 0·05) between rabbits on control diet and the diet containing 200 g FFNSM per kg. Performance on the diet with 300 g FFNSM per kg was poorest.

An evaluation of the micronization process for preparing cereals for the growing pig. 2. Effects on growth rate, food conversion efficiency and carcass characteristics

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. J. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Designed Experiments ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Ground Wheat ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

SUMMARY1. In each of two 2 × 3 factorially designed experiments 72 pigs were individually- and scale-fed diets containing 86·5% of maize, wheat or barley in ground or micronized, flaked and ground (micronized) forms.2. In both experiments, the first between 17 and 20 kg and the second between 22 and 90 kg live weight, pigs offered the micronized maize and barley diets grew significantly faster and converted the dry matter of their diets significantly more efficiently than did pigs offered the ground maize and barley diets. There were no significant differences between the micronized and ground wheat diets in the first experiment but in the second experiment the micronized diet gave significantly inferior results.3. In pigs slaughtered at 90 kg live weight those fed all the micronizedbased diets had significantly higher killing-out percentages than those fed the diets based on the ground cereals. Other within-cereal significant differences were those of increased carcass length in pigs given micronized maize and increased fat deposition in pigs given micronized wheat.

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